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直接引语和间接引语
不同句式的间接引语
引述某人的话一般采用两种形式:
一种是直接引语
(
Direct
Speech
)
,
即原封不动地引用原话,把它放在引号内;另一种是间接引语
(
Indirect Speech
)
,即用自己的话加以转述,被转述的内容不放
在引号内。
直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时,在多数情况下都构成
一个
that< br>引导的宾语从句,引述动词通常是
say, tell
等。
主句中如果有
say to sb.,
通常变为
tell sb.
与此同时,间
接引语中的人称、时态和其他方面也要相应有所变化。
The
foreigner
said
to
me,
“
I
like
Beijing
very
much
”
.
直
那老外告诉我:我很喜欢北京。
接
→
The foreigner told me that he she liked Beijing very
引
much.
语
那老外告诉我说他(她)很喜欢北京。
为
She said,
“
We are very fond of sports
”
.
陈
她说:我们都喜欢体育运动。
述
→
She said that they were very fond of sports.
句
她说他(她)们都喜欢体运动。
“
I'll
go
over
the
grammar
lesson
once
again
”
,
he
said.
他说:我将把语法课再复习一遍。
→
He
said
he
would
go
over
the
grammar
lesson
once
again.
他说他将要把语法课再复习一遍。
(
that
可省略)
一
般
直
疑
接
问
引
句
语
和
为
反
疑
意
问
疑
句
问
句
一般疑问句改为间接引语时,要用陈述语序,并要加连词
if
或
whether
,其主句动词常用
ask, wonder, want to
know, didn't know
等。句末不用问号。
My teacher asked me,
“
Do you like American country
music
”
我老师问我:你喜欢美国乡村音乐吗?
→
My teacher asked me if/whether I liked American
country music.
我老师问我是否喜欢美国乡村音乐。
“
You
haven't
been
to
Beijing,
have
you?
”
asked
he.
他问:你没去过北,是吗?
→
He asked me if/whether I had been to Beijing.
他问我是否去过北京。
定义
直
接
引
语
变
间
接
引
语
教育资料
否
定
一般
疑
问
句
和
选
择
问
句
如果直接引语为否定的一般问句或选择疑问句时,用
whether
or
连接。
She said, Don't you know my telephone number
她说:
你难道不知道我的电话号码吗?
→
She asked me whether I knew her telephone number
or not.
她问我是知道她的电话号码。
Do you like this one or that one Tom asked.
汤姆问:
你是喜欢这个还是那个?
→
Tom
asked
me
whether
I
liked
this
one
or
that
one.
汤姆问我是喜欢这个还是那个。
特
殊
疑
问
句
间接引语为特殊疑问句时 ,间接引语前仍然用特殊疑问
词作为连词引导宾语从句,注意从句必须用陈述语序,主
句谓语动 词常用
ask
。
He asked,
“
How do you like it?
”
.
他问:你觉得怎
样?
→
He asked me how I liked it.
他问我觉得它怎样。
She asked me,
“
What's the matter with you?
”
她问我:你怎么啦?
→
She asked me what was the matter with me.
她问我我怎么啦。
英语中有些疑问句并非提出疑问,而是表示请求、劝告、
建议等。这种疑问句变为间 接引语时,往往采用其他的形
式。
①.
suggest doing
“
Shall
we
all
go
to
the
film
tonight
“
,
said
Michael.
迈克尔说:我们今晚都去看电影,好吗?
→
Michael suggested going to the film tonight.
迈克尔建议今晚都去看电影。
“
What about having a drink?
”
he asked.
其
他问:喝杯怎么样?
它
He suggested having a drink.
他建议喝一杯。
②.
advise sb to do
“
Why don't you go hiking
”
, asked James.
詹姆士问:你为什么不徒步旅行?
James advised me to go hiking.
詹姆士建议我去徒步
旅行。
③
. offer to do
He said,
“
Would you like me to post the letter?
”
他说:你要我寄信吗?
He offered to post the letter.
他主动提出寄信。
④.
ask sb to do
教育资料
“
Will
you
please
bring
your
reference
book here
tomorrow?
”
, she said to me.
她对我说:劳驾你明天把你的参考书带来好吗?
→
She asked me to take my reference book there the
next day.
她让我第二天把我的参考书带去。
1
.
直接 引语为祈使句时,
间接引语往往用复合宾来表示,
其结构为主语
+
谓语
+
宾语
+
宾语补足语(动词不定式)
。引
述动词可根据口气选用< br>tell, ask, order, command,
request
等词,句中
please
去掉。
She said to me,
“
Please have a res
”
t.
她对我说:请休息一下。
→
She asked me to have a rest.
她要求我休息一下。
“
Don't
all
answer
at
once
”
,
she
said
to
the
pupils.
她对学生说:大家不要齐声回答。
→
She told the pupils not to answer all at once.
她叫学生不要齐声回答。
2
.带有
let
的祈使句(表示 请求,建议或命令)
,可用
suggest + -ing
形式或
suggest +that
从句来表示其相
应的意思。
“
Let's go for a walk
”
, said the girl.
那姑娘说,让我们去散散步吧。
→
The girl suggested going for a walk.
这女孩建议去散散步。
The
teacher
said,
“
Let
Lily
tidy
the
classroom
”
.
老师说:让莉莉整理教室。
→
The
teacher
suggested
that
Lily
should
tidy
the
classroom.
老师建议让莉莉整理教室。
1
.直接引语是感叹句变为间接引语时,多采用 宾语从句
结构,既可用
what
或
how
引导,也可用
th at
引导。
“
What
a
clever
boy
you
are!
”
,
my
teacher
said
to
him.
老师对他说,你是个聪明的孩子啊!
→
My teacher told him what a clever boy he was.
老师对他说他是一个多聪明的孩子啊。
He said,
“
How well you look!
”
.
他说:你看起来气色多好啊!
→
He said how well I looked.
他说我看起来是气色多好啊。
< br>2
.有些感叹句可以根据原句的意思,采用适当的动词变
为陈述句,不需用间接宾语来转 述。
“
Help!
”
, he cried.
他喊到:救命啊!
→
He called for help.
他大声呼救。
教育资料
直
接
引
语
为
祈
使
句
直
接
引
语
为
感
叹
句
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