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如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时,则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引
语原来时态。 如果主句谓语动词为过去时,间接引语中的动词时态按下列变化:
(
1
)
一般现在时变为一般过去时
(
2
)
现在进行时变为过去进行时
(
3
)
一般将来时变为过去将来时
(
4
)
现在完成时变为过去完成时
(
5
)
一般过去时变为过去完成时
(
6
)
过去完成时不变,仍为过去完成时
[
注意
]
(
1
)
如果直接引语是表示客观真理时,变为间接引语,一般现在时不改为一般过
去时。如:
The teacher said
→The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
(
2
)
如果直接引语中有明确表示过时间的状语,变为间接引语时 ,一般过去时不
改为过去完成时。如:
He said to me,
→He told me that he was born in 1973.
(3)
如果直接引语所述事实在当时和目前同样生效,变为间接宾语时,一般现在时 不
改为一般过去时。如:
He said,
→He said that he is a boy ,not a girl.
(4)
如果直接引语中的谓语动词表示一种反复出现或习惯动作,在变为间接引时,一
般现在时不改为一般过 去时。如:
The girl said,
→The girl said that she gets up at six every morning.
(5)
如果直接引语中含有
since, when, while 引导的表示过去时间的状语从句,在变
为间接引语时,只改变主句中的谓语动词,从句的一般过去时 则不变。如:
He said to me,
→He told me that he had taught English since he came here.
(6)
如果直接引语中含有情态动词
must, need, had better
以及情态动词的过去式
could, might, should, would,
在变为间接引语时,
这些情态动词没有时态的改变。
例
如:
The teacher said to me .
→The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more attention to my
pronunciation.
He said ,
→He said th
at he could swim when he was only six.
怎么判断句中的主谓宾定状补?
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