鳞次栉比2020年高考英语全国卷一阅读理解C原文、译文(逐段翻译)、长难句分析及答案详解

2021年1月24日发(作者：fromnowon)

2020
年高考英语全国卷一阅读理解
C
原文、译文（逐段翻译） 、长难句分析
及答案详解

第一部分：原文和译文

Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most
likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
尽管很可能竞走对身体的损伤更少，但是研究表明，在对健康的好处方面，竞走和跑步是一样的。然而，竞走也确实有自身的问题。

Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer
Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon.
But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg
swing and one foot remain in contact (
接触
) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange
form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an
assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.

竞走 运动员是条件受到限制的运动员。夏季奥运会最长的田径项目是
50
公里竞走，
比马拉 松项目还要长大约
5
英里。但是这项运动的规则要求：竞走运动员的膝盖要在
几乎整个 摆腿的过程中保持绷直，并且全程要有一只脚和地面保持接触。然而，来自
麻省塞勒姆州立大学的运动科 学助理教授
Jaclyn Norberg
说，正是这种奇特的形式使得
竞走运动成为一项如此有魅力的活动。

Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most
calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800
calories(
卡路里
) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking,
although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per
hour.
她说，和跑步一样，竞走对体能的要求也很高。根据大多数的计算结果， 以时速
6
英里的速度竞走的运动员，每小时会消耗大约
800
卡路里。这一数 据虽然比跑步消
耗的卡路里少，但却大约是他们步行时所消耗的卡路里的两倍。跑步每小时消耗大约1000
卡路里或者更多。

However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg
says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body
weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times
their body weight with each step.


然而，
Dr. Norberg
说，竞走对身体的 冲击力并不像跑步那样多。根据她的研究，
奔跑者每一步都是用他们体重
4
倍的重量冲 击地面，而竞走运动员，由于并没有离开
地面，每走一步产生的重量大约只有他们体重的
1.4
倍。

As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee,
are uncommon among race walkers. But the
sport’s strange form does place considerable
stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be
cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably
first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some
practice.
因此，她说，和跑步有关的一些损伤，比如跑步者的膝盖伤，在竞走运动 员里是不常
见的。但是这种运动的奇怪形式确实对脚踝和臀部造成了相当大的压力，因此，有过
此类损伤历史的人在进行这项运动时需要谨慎。她还说，实际上任何想要尝试竞走运
动的人可能都首先应 该咨询一下教练或者有经验的竞走运动员，以学会正确的技术。
竞走是需要一些练习的。

第二部分：长难句分析

难句解析一：

Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely
contributing to fewer injuries.
解析：本句中
while
意为“尽管、虽然”，
most likely
意为“很有可能”，
contributing
to fewer injuries
意为“造成更少伤害”。

Share
…
with
意为“分享、共有”，此处表示竞走和跑步共有很多健康好处，也就是说，
在健康好处方面，竞 走和跑步是一样的。

整句话的意思就是“
尽管很可能竞走对身体的损伤更少，但是研 究表明，在对健康的
好处方面，竞走和跑步是一样的。
”

难句解析二：

But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg
swing and one foot remain in contact (
接触
) with the ground at all times.
解析：本句中谓语动词是
require
，意为要求，后面跟宾语从句，从句要求动词 使用
（
should
）
+do
（动词原形）。

难句解析三：



It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says
Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem,
Mass.
解析：
however
之前是
it is
…
that
…
强调句型，强调主语（
this strange f orm
），句意为
“
正是这种奇特的形式使得竞走运动成为一项如此有魅力的活动”。

Assistant professor
意为“助理教授”，地位介于教授和讲师之间。

难句解析四：

According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would
burn about 800 calories(
卡路里
) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they
would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or
more calories per hour.
解析：本句较长，含有两个非限制性定语从句。主句为
race walkers would burn about
800 calories(
卡路里
) per hour
，
moving at a pace of six miles per hour
为后置定语，修饰主
语
race walker
，意为“以时速
6
英里行走的（竞走运动员）”。

第一个非限制性定语从句
which is approximately twice as many as they would burn
walking, although fewer than running
，对主句中的“
about 800 calories(
卡路里
) per hour
”
进行解释说明，即“这一数据虽然比跑步消耗的卡路里少，但却大约是他们步行时所
消耗的卡路里的两倍
”。< br>
第二个非限制性定语从句
which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
其实附属于第一个 非限制性定语从句，对前面的
running
进行解释说明。

整个句子可以 分成三部分理解，即①主句、
②
第一个非限制性定语从句、
③
第二个非
限制性定语从句，整句翻译为三个句子：①
根据大多数的计算结果，以时速
6
英里的
速度竞走的运动员，每小时会消耗大约
800
卡路里。②这一数据虽然比跑步消耗的卡
路里少，但却大约是他们步行时所消耗的卡路里的两倍。③跑步每小时消耗大约
1000
卡路里或者更多。

难句解析五：