自动化 外文翻译 外文文献 英文文献 PLC技术的讨论和未来的发展

2021年1月24日发(作者：红利)


作者


出处：
Electronic Test Equipment-principles and ton a.
PLC
技术的讨论和未来的发展

PLC technique discussion and future development
Along
with
the
development
of
the
ages,
the
technique
that
is
nowadays
is
also
gradually
perfect, the competition plays more more strong; the operation that list depends the artificial has
already can't satisfied with the current manufacturing industry foreground, also can't guarantee the
request of the higher quantity and high new the image of the technique business enterprise.
The people see in produce practice, automate brought the tremendous convenience and the
product quantities for people up of assurance, also eased the personnel's labor strength, reduce the
establishment
on
the
personnel.
The
target
control
of
the
hard
realization
in
many
complicated
production
lines,
whole
and
excellent
turn,
the
best
decision
etc.,
well-trained
operation
work,
technical personnel or expert, governor but can judge and operate easily, can acquire the satisfied
result. The research target of the artificial intelligence makes use of the calculator exactly to carry
out,
imitate
these
intelligences
behavior,
moderating
the
work
through
person's
brain
and
calculators,
with
the
mode
that
person's
machine
combine,
for
resolve
the
very
complicated
problem to look for the best path
We come in sight of the control that links after the electric appliances in various situation,
that
is
already
the
that
time
generation
past,
now
of
after
use
in
the
mold
a
perhaps
simple
equipments of grass-roots control that the electric appliances can do for the low level only;And the
PLC emergence also became the epoch-making topic, adding the vivid software control through a
very and stable hardware, making the automation head for the new high tide.
The PLC biggest characteristics lie in: The electrical engineering teacher already no longer
electric
hardware
up
too
many
calculationses
of
cost,
as
long
as
order
the
importation
that
the
button switch or the importation of the sensors order to link the PLC up can solve problem, pass to
output to order the conjunction contact machine or control the start equipments of the big power
after the electric appliances, but the exportation equipments direct conjunction of the small power
can.
PLC internal containment have the CPU of the CPU, and take to have an I/ O for expand of
exterior to connect a people's address and saving machine three big pieces to constitute, CPU core
is from an or many is tired to add the machine to constitute, mathematics that they have the logic
operation
ability,
and
can
read
the
procedure
save
the
contents
of
the
machine
to
drive
the
homologous saving machine and I/ Os to connect after pass the calculation; The I/ O add inner
part is tired the input and output system of the machine and exterior link, and deposit the related
data into the procedure saving machine or data saving machine; The saving machine can deposit
the data that the I/ O input in the saving machine, and in work adjusting to become tired to add the
machine and I/ Os to connect, saving machine separately saving machine RAM of the procedure
saving
machine
ROM
and
datas,
the
ROM
can
can
do
deposit
of
the
data
permanence
in
the
saving machine, but RAM only for the CPU computes the temporary calculation usage of hour of
buffer space.
The PLC anti- interference is very and excellent, our root need not concern its service life
and the work situation bad, these all problems have already no longer become the topic that we
fail,
but
stay
to
our
is
a
concern
to
come
to
internal
resources
of
make
use
of
the
PLC
to
strengthen the control ability of the equipments for us, make our equipments more gentle.
PLC language is not we imagine of edit collected materials the language or language of Cs to
carry
on
weaving
the
distance,
but
the
trapezoid
diagram
that
the
adoption
is
original
after
the
electric appliances to control, make the electrical engineering teacher while weaving to write the
procedure very easy comprehended the PLC language, and a lot of non- electricity
professional
also very quickly know and go deep into to the PLC.
Is PLC one of the advantage above and only, this is also one part that the people comprehend
more
and
easily,
in
a
lot
of
equipmentses,
the
people
have
already
no
longer
hoped
to
see
too
many
control
buttons,
they
damage
not
only
and
easily
and
produce
the
artificial
error
easiest,
small is not a main error perhaps you can still accept; But lead even is a fatal error greatly is what
we can't is tolerant of. New technique always for bringing more safe and convenient operation for
us, make we a lot of problems for face on sweep but light, do you understand the HMI? Says the
HMI here you basically not clear what it is, also have no interest understanding, change one inside
text explains it into the touch to hold or man-machine interface you knew, it combines with the
PLC to our larger space.
HMI the control not only only is reduced the control press button, increase the vivid of the
control,
more
main
of
it
is
can
sequence
of,
and
at
can
the
change
data
input
to
output
the
feedback with data, control in the temperature curve of imitate but also can keep the manifestation
of view to come out. And can write the function help procedure through a plait to provide the help
of various what lies in one's power, the one who make operate reduces the otiose error. Currently
the HMI factory is also more and more, the function is also more and more strong, the price is also
more and more low, the noodles of the usage are wide more and more. The HMI foreground can
say that think

to be good very.
At a lot of situations, the list is is a smooth movement that can't guarantee the equipments by
the
control
of
the
single
machine,
but
pass
the
information
exchanges
of
the
equipments
and
equipments to attain the result that we want. For example fore pack and the examination of the
empress work preface, we will arrive wrapping information feedback to examine the place, and
examine the information of the place to also want the feedback to packing. Pass the information
share
thus
to
make
both
the
chain
connect,
becoming
a
total
body,
the
match
of
your
that
thus
make is more close, at each other attain to reflect the result that mutually flick.
The PLC correspondence has already come more more body now its value, at the PLC and
correspondence between PLCs, can pass the communication of the information and the share of
the datas to guarantee that of the equipments moderates mutually, the result that arrive already to
repair with each other. Data conversion the adoption RS232 between PLC connect to come to the
transmission data, but the RS232 pick up a people and can guarantee 10 meters only of deliver the
distance, if in the distance of 1000 meters we can pass the RS485 to carry on the correspondence,
the longer distance can pass the MODEL only to carry on deliver.
The
PLC
data
transmission
is
just
to
be
called
a
form
to
it
in
a
piece
of
and
continuous
address
that
the
data
of
the
inner
part
delivers
the
other
party,
we,
the
PLC
of
the
other
party
passes to read data in the watch to carry on the operation. If the data that data in the watch is a to
establish generally, that is just the general data transmission, for example today of oil price rise, I
want to deliver the price of the oil price to lose the oil ally on board, that is the share of the data;
But
take
data
in
the
watch
for
an
instruction
procedure
that
controls
the
PLC,
that
had
the
difficulty
very
much,
for
example
you
have
to
control
one

pedestal
robot
to
press
the
action
work that you imagine, you will draw up for it the form that a procedure combine with the data
sends out to pass by.
The form that information transport contain single work, the half a work and the difference of
a
workses .The
meaning
of
the
single
work
also
is
to
say
both,
a
can
send
out
only,
but
a
can
receive only, for example a spy he can receive the designation of the superior only, but can't give
the superior reply; A work of half is also 2 and can can send out similar to accept the data, but
can't send out and accept at the same time, for example when you make a phone call is to can't
answer the phone, the other party also; But whole pair works is both can send out and accept the
data, and can send out and accept at the same time. Be like the Internet is a typical example.
The process that information transport also has synchronous and different step cent: The data
line and the clock lines are synchronous when synchronous meaning lie in sending out the data, is
also the data signal and the clock signals to be carry on by the CPU to send out at the same time,
this
needs
to
all
want
the
specialized
clock
signal
each
other
to
carry
on
the
transmission
and
connect to send, and is constrained, the characteristics of this kind of method lies in its speed very
quick, but correspond work time of take up the CPU and also want to be long oppositely, at the
same time the technique difficulty also very big. Its request lies in can'ting have an error margins
in a datas deliver, otherwise the whole piece according to compare the occurrence mistake, this on
the
hardware
is
a
bigger
difficulty.
Applied
more
and
more
extensive
in
some
appropriative
equipmentses,
be
like
the
appropriative
medical
treatment
equipments,
the
numerical
signal
equipments...etc., in compare the one data deliver, its result is very good.
And
the
different
step
is
an
application
the
most
extensive,
this
receive
benefit
in
it
of
technique
difficulty
is
opposite
and
want
to
be
small,
at
the
same
time
not
need
to
prepare
the
specialized clock signal, its characteristics to lie in, its data is partition, the long-lost send out and
accept, be the CPU is too busy of time can grind to a stop sex to work, also reduced the difficulty
on the hardware, the data throw to lose at the same time opposite want to be little, we can pass the
examination of the data to observe whether the data that we send out has the mistake or not, be
like
strange
accidentally
the
method,
tired
addition
and
eight
efficacies
method
etc.,
can
use
to
helps whether the data that we examine to send out have or not the mistake occurrence, pass the
feedback to carry on the discriminator.
A line of transmission of the information contain a string of and combine the cent of: The
usual PLC is 8 machines, certainly also having 16 machines. We can be an at the time of sending
out the data a send out to the other party, also can be 88 send out the data to the other party, an and
8 differentiationses are also the as that we say to send out the data and combine sends out the data.
A speed is more and slowly, but as long as 2 or three lines can
solve problem, and can use the
telephone line to carry on the long range control. But combine the oscular transmission speed is
very quick of, it is a string of oscular of 25600%, occupy the advantage in the short distance, the
in view of the fact TTL electricity is even, being limited by the scope of one meter generally, it
combine unwell used for the data transmission of the long pull, thus the cost is too expensive.
Under a lot of circumstances we are total to like to adopt the string to combine the conversion
chip to carry on deliver, under this kind of circumstance not need us to carry on to depositted the
machine
to
establish
too
and
complicatedly,
but
carry
on
the
data
exchanges
through
the
data
transmission instruction directly, but is not a very viable way in the correspondence, because the
PLC of the other party must has been wait for your data exportation at the time of sending out the
data, it can't do other works.
When you are reading the book, you hear someone knock on door,
you stop to start up of
affair, open the door and combine to continue with the
one who knock on door a dialogue, the
telephone of this time rang, you signal hint to connect a telephone, after connecting the telephone
through,
return
overdo
come
together
knock
on
door
to
have
a
conversation,
after
dialogue
complete,
you
continue
again
to
see
your
book,
this
kind
of
circumstance
we
are
called
the
interruption
to
it,
it
has
the
authority,
also
having
sex
of
have
the
initiative,
the
PLC
had
such
function .Its
characteristics
lie
in
us
and
may
meet
the
urgently
abrupt
affairs
in
the
operation
process
of
the
equipments,
we
want
to
stop
to
start
immediately
up
of
work,
the
whereabouts
manages the more important affair, this kind of circumstance is we usually
meet of, PLC while
carry out urgent mission, total will keep the current appearance first, for example the address of
the procedure, CPU of tired add the machine data etc., be like to to stick down which the book that
we see is when we open the door the page or simply make a mark, because we treat and would
still need to continue immediately after book of see the behind. The CPU always does the affair
that should do according to our will, but your mistake of give it an affair, it also would be same to
do, this we must notice.
The interruption is not only a, sometimes existing jointly with the hour several inside break,
break
off
to
have
the
preferred
Class,
they
will
carry
out
the
interruption
of
the
higher
Class
according to person's request. This kind of breaks off the medium interruption to also became to
break off the set. The Class that certainly break off is relevant according to various resources of
CPU with internal PLC, also following a heap of capacity size of also relevant fasten.
The
contents
that
break
off
has
a
lot
of
kinds,
for
example
the
exterior
break
off,
correspondence in of send out and accept the interruption and settle and the clock that count break
off,
still
have
the
WDT
to
reset
the
interruption
etc.,
they
enriched
the
CPU
to
respond
to
the
category
while
handle
various
business.
Speak
thus
perhaps
you
can't
comprehend
the
internal
structure and operation orders of the interruption completely also, we do a very small example to
explain.
Each equipments always will not forget a button, it also is at we meet the urgent circumstance
use
of,
that
is
nasty
to
stop
the
button.
When
we
meet
the
Human
body
trouble
and
surprised
circumstances we as long as press it, the machine stops all operations immediately, and wait for
processing the over surprised empress recover the operation stop the internal I/ O of
the internal CPU of the button conjunction PLC to connect up, be to press button an exterior to
trigger signal for CPU, the CPU carries on to the I/ O to examine again, being to confirm to have
the exterior to trigger the signal, CPU protection the spot breaks off procedure counts the machine
turn
the
homologous
exterior
I/
O
automatically
in
the
procedure
to
go
to
also,
be
exterior
interruption procedure processing complete, the procedure counts the machine to return the main
procedure to continue to 1:00 can what to explain is we generally would nasty stop the