-
Book 1 Unit 4 Friends forever
I. New words and Expressions
1. forever adv.
永远，长久地
I think that we will live together forever.
我想我们会永远生活在一起。
Although they
’
re expensive, they last forever and never go out of style.
尽管价格昂贵，但它们经久耐用，永不过时。
2. familiar adj.
熟悉的
be familiar with
对熟悉
,
人做主语时用
with
，一般是指某人熟悉某人、某物。
I am not familiar with this computer.
我不熟悉这台计算机。
be familiar to
为…所熟悉
物做主时用
to
，
是某物、某事为某人所熟悉。
Your name is familiar to me.
你的名字我是熟悉的。
Her handwriting is familiar to me.
他的书写对我来说很熟悉。
3. adventure n.
历险，奇遇，冒险经历
Boys love adventure.
男孩爱冒险。
He wrote a book about his adventures in the jungle.
他写了一本有关在丛林中各种冒险的书。
I told them about my adventures in the mountains.
我向他们讲述了我在山里的奇遇。
4. prefer v.
更喜欢
因其本身含有比较之意，而不可再与
more
或
most
连用。
1).
后接不定式时与
rather than
连用
I prefer to go at once.
我愿意马上就走。
He preferred to die rather than surrender.
他宁死不屈。
I prefer to watch TV rather than go out.
我宁愿呆在家里也不出去。
2).
注意介词搭配
He comes from Shanghai, so he prefers rice.
他是上海人，因此更喜欢吃米饭。
I prefer tea to milk.
我宁愿喝茶也不喝牛奶。
I prefer going by bike.
我宁愿骑单车去。
I prefer watching TV to going out.
我宁愿看电视也不出去。
I prefer swimming to skating. = I like swimming better than skating.
我喜欢游泳胜过滑冰。
3). prefer sb. to do
“愿意某人做”
I prefer you to go at once.
我倒希望你马上就走。
5. lose track of
失去…的线索，忘记，跟不上…的进展
;
不再掌握…的最新情况
;
不了解…的情况
John lost track of the money he spent
．约翰忘了他花了多少钱。
I was so bored that I lost track of what he was saying
．我烦透了，忘了他讲了些什么。
Mary lost track of her friends at camp after summer was over.
夏天过后，玛丽就和她一起宿营的朋友失去了联系。
I lost track of everybody after high school. = I lost touch with everybody after high school.
自从高中毕业之后，我基本上失去了和所有人的联系。
6. deliver v.
递送，传递，发表（演讲）
；
The mailman delivers letters and parcels every morning.
邮差每天早晨递送信件和包裹。
The postman delivers letters.
邮递员投递信件。
Our professor will deliver a lecture on Shakespeare tomorrow.
我们的教授将于明天讲演莎士比亚的作品。
deliverer n.
投递者；快递员；派送员
7. thanks to
幸亏
;
由于；因为
,
归因于
;
Thank to your help, we finished the work in time.
由于你的帮助
,
我们及时完成了工作。
Thanks to the disease, I have the opportunity to improve my character.
由于疾病，我才有机会磨炼自己的意志。
thanks for.
表示“因……而感谢”
,
其中的
thank s
为复数名词
,
介词
for
指原因
,
后接名词、代 词或动词
的
ing
形式
Thanks for your help.
谢谢你的帮助。
Thanks for inviting me.
谢谢你的邀请。
8. advance n.
前进，行进
;
进步
;
进展
,
预付金
Advance in the jungle was very slow.
在丛林中行军很慢。
There has been an all- round advance in our school.
我们的学校得到全面发展。
He made a great advance in his studies.
他的学习进步很大。
I was given an advance of a month
’
s pay.
他们预付给我一个月工资。
v.
前进；预付；增长；推进
From that time on, science advanced more quickly.
从那时起
,
科学发展更快了。
If prices continue to advance, poor people will find it hard to live.
如果物价继续上涨
,
穷人的日子就更不好过了。
Prices have advanced 15 per cent during the past year.
去年一年内物价上涨了百分之十五。
They advanced the price of gasoline twice in one week.
在一个星期内他们两次提高汽油价格。
9. significantly adv.
重大地，显著地，有重大意义地
;
意味深长地；
American English is significantly different from British English.
美国英语与英国英语有很大差异。
She paused significantly before she answered.
她在回答之前意味深长地停顿了一下。
Our health is significantly within our control.
我们的健康在很大程度上处于自己的掌握之中。
10. social media
社交媒体
11. maintain v.
保持，维持
The Department maintains many close contacts with the chemical industry
这个部门与化工行业保持着众多密切的联系。
Food is necessary to maintain life.
食物是维持生命所必需的。
The two countries have maintained friendly relations for many years.
两国多年来一直保持着友好的关系。
12. wi-fi n.
无线网络，无线上网
Do you know the pass word of the Wi-Fi?
Do you know how to crack the pass word of Wi-Fi?
13. click v.
点击
(
鼠标
)
Just click the mouse and you
’
ll get the instructions you need.
点击鼠标
,
你就会得到你所需要的指令。
When you click your mouse on a link, you will access the web site for Guanxian No. 1 Middle School.
当你用的你鼠标点击这些链接后，就可以访问到冠县一中的网站了。
14. digital adj.
数字的，数码的
digital cameras
数码相机
digital watch
数码手表
digital products
数码产品
15. enable v.
使能够，使可能，是发生
Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed.
听音乐能使我们放松。
Hobbies may enable you to make many friends.
业余爱好能够使你结识很多朋友
.
16. unusual adj.
异常的，不平常的
The boy
’
s unusual behavior puzzled the doctor.
这男孩的异常行为使医生困惑不解。
It is unusual to see snow in this region.
这个地区难得见到雪。
usual adj.
通常的；惯常的；惯例的
17. site n.
网站，地点；位置；现场
The site for the new factory has not been decided yet.
新厂的地址尚未选定。
What
’
s your office
’
s web site?
你办公室的网址是什么？
18. tend v.
趋向，易于做某事，往往会发生某事，照料；照管
I tend to go to bed earlier during the winter.
我在冬天常睡得比较早。
He tends to speak too quickly.
他往往说话太快。
People tend to get fat when they grow older.
人们年纪大时往往会发胖。
She tended her husband carefully during his illness.
她丈夫生病期间
,
她无微不至地照顾他。
The doctors and nurses in this hospital tend the sick patiently.
这个医院的医生和护士耐心地护理病人。
19. update v.
更新；升级
The data should be updated once a week.
这些数据应该每星期更新一次。
They decided to update the computer systems.
他们决定更新计算机系统。
I would advise you to update the software.
我建议你把这个软件升级。
n.
更新
,
最新的情况
,
最新情报，最新的信息
Maps need regular updates.
地图需要经常更新。
20. saying n.
格言，谚语，警句
As the saying goes, the early bird catches the worm.
谚语说，早起的鸟有食吃。
As the old saying goes, where there
’
s a will, there
’
s a way.
古话说，有志者事竟成。
As the old saying goes, many hands make light work.
众人拾柴火焰高
,
人多好办事
,
人多力量大
21. criminal n.
罪犯
The criminal was sentenced to prison for theft.
那个犯人因偷窃被判入狱。
adj.
犯罪的；刑事的；违法的
I have no criminal record in my whole life.
我一生无犯罪纪录。
22. bathwater n.
浴水，洗澡水
Throw the baby out with the bathwater.
不分精华糟粕全盘否定
Don
’
t throw the baby out with the bathwater.
23. throw the baby out with the bathwater
不分精华糟粕全盘否定
24. acquire v.
获得，得到
We hope to acquire the knowledge in the happiness.
我们希望在快乐中获得知识。
I managed to acquire two tickets for the concert.
我设法弄到了两张音乐会的票。
25. goods n.
商品，货物；动产
Can the goods be refunded at your counter?
你们柜台的商品可以退吗？
Our goods are second to none in the world market.
在国际市场上
,
我们的商品不亚于任何人。
26. prove v.
证明，证实
There isn
’
t enough evidence to prove him guilty.
没有充分的证据证明他有罪。
He has proved his courage in the battle.
他已在这场战斗中证明了自己的勇气。
Mary proved a qualified teacher.
玛丽被证实是个称职的教师。
27. illustrate v.
举例说明，阐明，作插图；图解
He pointed at the diagram to illustrate his point.
他指着图表来说明他的论点。
Our textbook is very well illustrated.
我们的课本插图丰富。
If you illustrate the book, it will be more popular.
如果你给这本书配上插图
,
它就更受欢迎了。
28. diagram n.
图表，示意图，几何图形，曲线图，
She gave me a diagram of railway network.
她给了我一张铁路网图。
He drew a diagram to show us how to get to his house.
他画了一张简图告诉我们到他家怎么走。
29. inspiring adj.
鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的
Martial music is always inspiring.
军乐总是令人振奋的。
I will read inspiring stories to encourage me to go on.
我要读激励人心的故事来鼓舞我不断前行。
30. teenager n.
青少年，十几岁的孩子
(13
到
19
岁之间的孩子
)
31. pour v.
灌注，倒
Blood was pouring from the wound.
血从伤口中流出。
It
’
s pouring outside.
外面下着倾盆大雨。
It was pouring all night.
整夜下着倾盆大雨。
We were about to leave when rain poured down.
32. pot n.
锅，罐；壶，便壶
Will you help me to wash up all these pots and pans?
帮我洗洗这些锅碗瓢盆好吗？
She stayed up all night writing the paper with a pot of coffee at her elbow.
她熬了一整夜写论文
,
身边放着一壶咖啡。
He filled the pot with earth and planted a rose in it.
他在花盆里填上土
,
栽了株玫瑰。
33. gram n.
克，绿豆
There are five hundred grams of sugar in the box.
盒子里有
500
克糖。
34. pack n.
小盒，小包，包，包裹，背包
The traveler took out a bottle of water from the pack on his back.
那位旅行者从他的背包中拿出了一瓶水。
He paid $$4 for a pack of cigarettes.
他花了
4
美元买了包烟。
35. comfort n.
安慰，慰籍
He spoke a few words of comfort to me before leaving.
走之前，他向我说了几句安慰的话。
My husband was a great comfort to me when my son was ill.
我儿子生病时，丈夫给了我极大的安慰。
vt.
安慰；使舒适
I tried to comfort him after he was defeated by his opponent.
他被对手击败后，我尽力安慰他。
He did his best to comfort the old man.
他尽力地去安慰老人。
36. patience n.
耐心
Her endless patience made her the best nurse in the hospital.
无限的耐心使她成为这个医院最好的护士。
We haven
’
t the patience to hear such an empty talk.
我们可没耐心去听这种空谈。
patient adj.
有耐心的，有耐性的
You
’
ll have to be patient with my mother.
你对我母亲得有耐心。
Enid was a good teacher. She was very patient with her pupils.
伊妮德是位好教师
,
她对学生很有耐心。
He is patient of cold and hunger.
他能忍饥挨冻。
37. passion n.
强烈的情感，激情
I have a passion for music/American literature.
我酷爱音乐
/
美国文学。
38. generosity n.
慷慨，大方
His generosity to the poor is well known.
他对穷人的慷慨为人所熟知。
Thank you for your generosity.
38. slice n.
片，薄片
Please give me a slice of bread.
请给我一片面包。
Please cut bread into thin slices.
请把面包切成薄片。
39. humour n.
幽默感，幽默
Her humour adds salt to (
使…更有趣
) her conversation.
她很幽默，谈起话来妙趣横生。
He has a good sense of humour.
他很有幽默感。
humourous adj.
幽默的；诙谐的
They are always humourous.
他们总是非常幽默。
40. quality n.
素质，品德
,
品质；
He examined the quality of the furniture carefully.
他仔细检查家具的品质。
It
’
s cheap, but on the other hand the quality is poor.
它是便宜
,
但另一方面质量差。
Poor quality goods won
’
t sell easily.
质量差的货不容易卖出。
She has many good qualities despite her apparent rudeness.
她粗鲁是粗鲁
,
但还有许多优秀品质。
41. anxious adj.
焦虑的，不安的
She
’
s anxious because her daughter hasn
’
t arrived yet.
她女儿还没有到
,
她很担心。
Do not be anxious if I am late.
我要是来晚了
,
别担心。
The mother is anxious about her son
’
s safety.
母亲十分担心儿子的安全。
I
’
m very anxious about the speech contest.
我对此次演讲比赛十分忧虑。
anxiety n.
焦虑；担心；
The mother is filled with anxiety about her daughter
’
s health.
母亲为女儿的健康忧心忡忡。
We felt great anxiety about Tom
’
s sickness.
我们对汤姆的病情感到非常担忧。
42. distance vt.
与
...
保持距离
,
与…疏远
,
把
...
甩在后面
I feel I
’
m distanced by him in every respect.
我感到自己在各方面都赶不上他了。
That stupid quarrel has distanced us.
那一场无谓的争吵使我们的关系疏远了
.
43. postpone v.
使
...
延期，推迟
The weather being bad, we had to postpone our trip.
因为天气不好
,
我们不得不延期出行。
Can we postpone the meeting till tomorrow?
我们可以把会议延到明天吗
?
They postponed leaving because of the weather.
他们因天气原因而延期离开。
44. ordinary adj.
普通的，平常的
That is only an ordinary incident.
这只不过是日常小事。
His speech was just ordinary.
他的讲话很平常。
He has brains above the ordinary people.
他头脑比普通人灵活。
45. scar n.
伤疤
The cut in her hand has healed completely, without leaving a scar.
她手上的刀伤完全愈合了
,
没有留下一点伤痕。
The wound healed without leaving a scar.
伤好了，没有留下伤疤。
The tragedy left a scar on her mind.
这个悲剧给她造成精神上的创伤。
46. dine v.
进餐
Don
’
t talk about business while dining.
吃饭时不要讨论业务。
She told me she would have to dine with Helen that night.
她告诉我那夜她必须与海伦一起进餐。
47. chum n.
好朋友
(=good friend)
48. chap n.
小伙子，家伙
I know you
’
re a good safe chap.
我知道你是一个十分可靠的小伙子。
49. fortune n.
财产，巨款，机会，运气
make one
’
s fortune
发财
He dreamed of making a fortune.
他梦想发大财。
These two brothers decided to go to America to try their fortunes.
这兄弟俩决定去美国碰碰运气。
In the following years, his fortunes improved.
在后来的几年中
,
他的运气好转了。
50. drag v.
拖，拉，拽，慢吞吞地行进，缓慢而费力地移动
She dragged herself out of bed, still half asleep.
她挣扎着起了床
,
还是睡眼惺忪。
The heavy coach is dragging along.
重载的马车吃力地行进着。
The performance dragged on.
表演缓慢而单调地进行着。
The thief was dragged off to the police station.
那小偷给拉到派出所去了。
51. ought to
应该，
You ought to give up smoking; I gave it up last year.
你应该戒烟
,
我去年就戒掉了
.
52. destiny n.
命运，天命
Nobody knows his own destiny.
没有人知道自己的命运。
53. correspond v.
通信，符合；对应
The two sisters correspond every week.
这两姐妹每周通信。
Your account of the event corresponds with hers.
你说的情况跟她说的相符。
54. proposition n.
事业，生意，主张，建议，提议
This is not money- making proposition.
这不是个赚钱的事业。
55. hustle v.
拼命干，努力干，推搡
;
猛推
,
催促
I like it here, which forces me to hustle and earn money.
我喜欢在这里生活。这个想法迫使我拼命干活挣钱。
I hustled the children off to school.
我催促孩子们赶快上学去。
He hustled me into buying the car.
他硬逼我买下那辆汽车。
56. staunch adj.
坚定的，忠实可靠的，不漏水的
They are staunch soldiers.
他们是忠诚的战士。
He is a staunch communist.
他是个坚定的共产主义者。
57. partner n.
伙伴，搭档
Are you sure you want him as your partner for life?
你决定要他做你的终身伴侣吗
?
Each partner will receive his slice of profits.
每一个合伙人都会得到他的一份利润。
58. turn up (
意外地或终于
)
出现
Please turn up the radio; I can
’
t hear a word!
请把收音机（音量）开大一点，我一个字都听不见！
Don
’
t be too anxious, and I am sure your watch will soon turn up.
别太担心了，我保证你的手表很快会出现（被找到）
。
He said he would come
，
but hasn
’
t turned up yet
．他说他会来的，但是还没有到。
59. excerpt n.
摘录，节录
This is an excerpt from a novel.
这是一部小说的摘录。
I
’
ve seen a short excerpt from the film on television.
我在电视上看过这部影片的片段。
60. appointed adj.
约定的，指定的
He wasn
’
t there at the appointed time.
他没有在指定的时间在那里。
appoint adj.
任命；委派；指定；约定
Don was appointed chief engineer of the project.
唐被委任为该项工程的总工程师。
He appointed to meet us at the entrance of the theatre.
他约定在剧院门口和我们碰头。
61. strike v.
打；撞；罢工
,
划
(
火柴
)
Why did you strike him?
你为什么打他
?
Strike while the iron is hot.
趁热打铁。
Be careful not to strike your head against the door.
小心不要使你的头撞到门。
I am sure the bus drivers will strike.
我相信公共汽车司机会罢工的。
The girl struck a match to light a cigarette.
那女孩划火柴点燃一根烟。
The lightning struck again.
雷电再次闪击。
62. cigar n.
雪茄烟
I lit a cigar to calm my nerves.
我点燃了一支雪茄烟使自己的神经平静下来。
My father allows himself only three cigars a day.
我爸爸给自己规定一天只抽三支雪茄烟。
cigar
指雪茄烟。
cigarette
指纸烟。
63. plain adj.
简单的，朴素的，清楚的；坦白的
The restaurant serves plain home-made meals.
那个餐馆供应简单的家常菜。
He wore a plain cotton uniform.
他穿着一身朴素的棉制服。
We are leading a plain life.
我们过着朴素的生活。
The girl has a good figure but a plain face.
那个女孩子体形很美
,
但长相一般。
The plain truth is that she will never return.
事实很明显
,
她永远不会回来了。
The teacher gave me a plain talk about my mistakes.
老师就我的错误和我进行了坦率的交谈。
n.
平原；广阔的区域
Is the plain along the river good for farming?
河畔的平原适于发展农业吗？
64. scene n.
情景；场景
The first scene of the play is the king
’
s palace.
剧中的第一个场景是王宫。
They went back to the scenes of their childhood.
他们回忆起童年的情景。
The girls in the street make a beautiful scene.
大街的女孩子构成美丽的景色。
65. bitterly adv.
痛苦的，愤恨地
It is bitterly cold today.
今天冷得很。
At the end of the film, the hero wept bitterly.
在影片的结尾，主人公伤心地哭了。
bitter adj.
苦的；痛苦的；辛酸的；激烈的
The medicine has a bitter taste.
这药有苦味。
His story brought back our bitter past .
他的事使我们想起辛酸的往事。
66. ashamed adj.
感到不好意思的，难为情的
I felt ashamed of myself for getting so angry
我对自己发那么大的火而感到惭愧。
The engineer felt ashamed that he couldn
’
t repair this machine.
这位工程师不会修理这部机器
,
觉得惭愧。
67. unfold v. (
卷着的东西
)
展开，打开
He unfolded a map.
他摊开地图。
She opened the envelope, took out the letter, and unfolded it.
她拆开信封
,
取出信纸并将其打开。
When he came across his close friend, he unfolded his arms and hugged him.
当他遇到密友时
,
总是张开双臂紧紧拥抱。
The eagle unfolded its wings.
鹰展开翅膀。
68. location n.
地点，位置
It is a suitable location for a new school.
那是建一所新学校的合适地点。
The rent is reasonable, and moreover, the location is perfect.
这房租合理
,
而且地点优越。
69. surroundings n.
周围的事物，环境
We are living in pleasant surroundings.
我们生活在舒适的环境中。
The surroundings which a child grows up in may have an effect on his development.
小孩生长的环境会影响他的发展。
70. personality n.
个性，性格
She has a very strong personality.
她个性很强。
His wife was very beautiful, but seemed to have no personality.
他的妻子很漂亮
,
但似乎没有什么特点。
71. atmosphere n.
大气层，气氛，氛围，
The atmosphere of the city is very much polluted.
那个城市的空气受到严重污染。
The atmosphere changed as soon as she walked in.
她一进来气氛就变了。
II. Understanding ideas
Click for a Friend?
How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends? What if the only
way of getting news from faraway friends was
writing letters that took ages to be delivered? This was
how
things
worked
not
very
long
ago.
Thanks
to
advances
in
technology,
how
we
make
friends
and
communicate with them has changed significantly.
Nowadays,
we
can
move
around
the
world
and
still
stay
in
touch
with
the
people
that
we
want
to
remain friends with. Social media tools let us see what our friends are up to and maintain friendships. All
you need is a wi-fi connection.
The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests, such as collecting model cars or
playing an unusual instrument. Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also
enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world.
But when you
“friend”
people online, does this mean that they really are your friends?
It depends.
If people always exchange true personal information online, then
yes, these friendships can be real
and meaningful. But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole
truth about a person.
On social
media sites,
people tend to
post only positive updates that
make them appear happy
and
friendly. But smiling photos can hide real problems. Remember the saying: on the Internet, nobody knows
you
’
re
a
dog.
A
young
person
could
be
old;
a
woman
could
be
a
man;
we
could
even
be
sharing
our
information with criminals.
But this doesn
’
t mean that we should throw the baby out with the bathwater. Although technology has
changed the way we acquire friends, the meaning of friendship and our
longing for friends remain the
same. As Aristotle said, no one would choose to live without friends, even if he had all other goods.
一键交友
如果搬到一个新的城镇意味着与朋友失去联系，
你会作何感受
?
如果只有通 过写信和漫长的等
待才能得知远方朋友的消息，你会怎样
?
直到不久之前，现实情况还 都是这样的。得益于技术的进
步，我们结交朋友、与朋友沟通的方式已经有了明显的改变。
如今，
我们可以一边周游世界，
一边仍可 与想要与之维持友谊的人们保持联系。
通过社交媒体
工具，我们能知晓朋友的动向、维系彼此间 的友谊。而这一切只要有无线网络就可以实现。
数字时代还可以帮我们找到志趣相投的人
例如收集汽车模型或 演奏不寻常的乐器。不管我
们的爱好是什么，我们都能在网上结识同好，哪怕他们住在世界的另一端。< br>
然而，在网上跟别人“结为朋友”
，这就意味着他们真的是你的朋友吗
?
这要视情况而定。
如果人们在网上交换的个人信息都是真实的，
那么答案为
“是的 ”
，
这种友谊是真实且有意义
的。但我们需要谨记，我们在社交媒体上看到的，往往不 是一个人的全部真面目。
在社交网站上，人们倾 向于只发布正面的信息，塑造自己快乐且友善的形象。
然而，微笑的照
片掩盖真正的问题。记住 这句话
:
在网络上，没人知道你是一条狗。
(
网上展示的
)
年轻人形象的背
后可能是个老人，而女性形象的背后也可能是个男人，我们分享个人信息的对象甚至可 能是罪犯。
但是，
这并不意味着我们应 该因噎废食、
弃沙抛金。
尽管技术已经改变了我们结交朋友的方式，
友情的意义和我们 对友谊的渴望依然不变。正如亚里士多德所说
:
没有人会选择没有朋友的生活，
哪怕他 拥有其他所有财富。
1. How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends?
如果搬到一个新的城镇意味着与朋友失去联系，你会作何感受
?
1). Moving to a new town
是动名词短语作主语。
2). mean doing sth.
意味着做某事
,
其主语通常是指事物的。
Success means working hard.
成功意味着工作努力。
Cheating on the exam means being punished by teachers.
考试作弊意味着被老师处罚。
Studying hard doesn
’
t mean getting into a key school.
努力并不意味着能考上一所重点学校。
mean to do sth.
的意思是“打算或意欲做某事”
,
其主语通常是表示人的名词或代词。
We mean to call on you tomorrow.
我们打算明天看望你。
I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to.
我想去
,
但是我父亲不肯让我去
.
I mean to find a part-time job in my summer holiday. What about you?
我打算在暑假找份兼职工作，你呢？
3). lose track of
失去…的线索
,
不再掌握…的最新情况
,
I lost track of you, but I always heard about you.
我虽然和你失去了联系，不过经常听到你的情况。
2. What
if the only
way of
getting news from faraway friends
was
writing letters that
took
ages to
be
delivered?
如果只有通过写信和漫长的等待才能得知远方朋友的消息，你会怎样
?
1). What if ?
What if it
’
s true?
如果这是真的，又该怎么办？
What if anything should go wrong?
要是有个闪失，怎么办呢？
2). writing letters
动名词短语作表语。
3). That took ages to be delivered
定语从句修饰
letters.
3.
Thanks
to
advances
in
technology,
how
we
make
friends
and
communicate
with
them
has
changed
significantly.
由于技术的进步，我们结交朋友、与朋友沟通的方式已经有了明显的改变。
4.
Nowadays,
we
can
move
around
the
world
and
still
stay
in
touch
with
the
people
that
we
want
to
remain friends with.
如今，
我们可以一边周游世界，
一边仍可与想要与之维持友谊的人们保持 联系。
1). move around the world
周游世界
2). stay in touch with = keep in touch with
与保持联系
He promised to stay in touch with us while he was abroad.
他答应我们在国外的时候会和我们保持联系。
3). remain friends with
与保持朋友关系
I want to remain friends with you.
我想继续和你做朋友。
5. Social media tools let us see what our friends are up to and maintain friendships.
通过社交媒体工具，我们能知晓朋友的动向、维系彼此间的友谊。
1).
本句子采用了拟人化的手法。
In autumn, eggplant turns purple like a child
’
s face.
秋天，茄子像小孩的脸蛋儿一样变紫啦。
Spring has arrived, and flowers are blooming with smiles.
春天到了，一朵朵鲜花绽开了笑脸。
My stomach was punishing me for not eating on time.
The rain was angry; you could tell just by listening to it from indoors.
2). up to
表示“从事于，忙于”
，后面接名词、代词或
-ing
形式等
.
All of us are up to good deeds.
我们所有人都在做有益的事情。
Go and see what these naughty boys are up to.
去看看这些顽皮的孩子在做什么。
6. All you need is a wi-fi connection.
you need
前省略了关系代词
that.
7. The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests, such as collecting model cars or
playing an unusual instrument.
数字时代还可以帮我们找到志趣相投的人
例如收集汽车模型或演奏不寻常的乐器。
1). enable sb. to do sth.
His large income enabled him to live in comfort
他那丰厚的收入使他可以过舒服的生活。
This dictionary enables us to understand English words.
这部词典能帮助我们理解英语词汇。
2). share our interests
Choose something you enjoy and you
’
ll meet people who share your interests.
选你喜欢的社团，你会认识和你志趣相投的人。
8. Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they
live on the other side of the world.
不管我们的爱好是什么，我们都能在网上结识同好，哪怕他们住在世界的另一端。
1). Whatever=no matter what
Don
’
t lose heart whatever difficulties you meet,
Whatever you do, I won
’
t tell you my secret.
2). connect sb. with sb.
Please connect the computer to internet.
把电脑连到因特网上。
I
’
ll just connect you with Miss Jones.
3). them
指前面的
hobbies.
4). even if
即使
;
尽管
;
纵然
;
Even if we achieve great success in our work, we should not be proud.
即使我们在工作中取得了巨大成绩
,
也不应该自满
.
Even though he was late, he was not criticized by the teacher
．
虽然他晚了
,
可他并没有受到老师的批评
.
Even though he knows it, he
’
ll not let out the secret.
Even if he knows it, he
’
ll not let out the secret.
5). on the other side of the world
在世界的另一端
on the right/left
9. But when you
“friend”
people online, does this mean that they really are your friends?
然而，在网上跟别人“结为朋友”
，这就意味着他们真的是你的朋友吗
?
friend = make friends with v.
与…为友
,
与
...
为友
10. It depends. = That depends.
11. If people always exchange true personal information online, then yes, these friendships can be real
and meaningful.
如果人们在网上交换的个人信息都是真实的，那么答案为
“是的”
，这种友谊是真实且有意义的。
exchange v.
交换
;
交流
;
掉换
;
兑换
;
交易
;
更换
;
We exchanged addresses and Christmas cards.
我们交换了地址和圣诞贺卡。
exchange for
用…换取
I
’
d like to exchange a watch for a camera.
我想用表换相机。
She exchanged honour for wealth.
她牺牲荣誉以换取财富。
exchange with
与
(
某人
)
交换…
May I exchange seats with you?
我和你调一个座位好吗
?
Tom exchanged gifts with John at Christmas.
汤姆与约翰在圣诞节交换礼物。
12. But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a
person.
但我们需要谨记，我们在社交媒体上看到的，往往不是一个人的全部真面目。
1). Keep in mind that
牢记
We should keep in mind that getting up early is good for health.
我们应该记住早起对健康有益处。
You should keep (it) in mind that we all love you.
13. On social media sites, people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and
friendly.
在社交网站上，人们倾向于只发布正面的信息，塑造自己快乐且友善的形象。
1). On social media sites
在社交网站上
2). tend to do
倾向于，往往
Some people tend to like red cars.
We tend to make mistakes when we do things in a hurry.
3). Update
更新的信息
14. But smiling photos can hide real problems.
然而，微笑的照片掩盖真正的问题。
15. Remember the saying: on the Internet, nobody knows you
’
re a dog. A young person could be old; a
woman could be a man; we could even be sharing our information with criminals.
记住这句话< br>:
在网络上，没人知道你是一条狗。
(
网上展示的
)
年轻人 形象的背后可能是个老人，而
女性形象的背后也可能是个男人，我们分享个人信息的对象甚至可能是罪犯 。
16. But this doesn
’
t mean that we should throw the baby out with the bathwater.
但是，这并不意味着我们应该因噎废食、弃沙抛金。
throw the baby out with the bathwater
这个俗语真正表达的是：在扔掉你不要的东西时把宝贵 的东西
都无意地一起扔掉了，不分精华糟粕全盘否定
17.
Although
technology
has
changed
the
way
we
acquire
friends,
the
meaning
of
friendship
and
our
longing for friends remain the same.
尽管技术已经改变了我们结交朋友的方式，友情的意义和我们对友谊的渴望依然不变。
1). we acquire friends
是定语从句，修饰先行词
way,
省略了关系代词
that
或
in which.
I don
’
t like the way that he laughed at me.
I don
’
t like the way he speaks to me.
I want to know the way (that) he told you yesterday.
2). long for
渴望
They long for a chance to visit Shanghai.
他们渴望有机会访问上海。
We long for knowledge.
我们渴求知识。
18. As Aristotle said, no one would choose to live without friends, even if he had all other goods.
正如亚里士多德所说
:
没有人会选择没有朋友的生活，哪怕他拥有其他所有财富。
1). as
正如
As we said before, you have done a good job.
2). goods n.
商品
;
货品
;
动产
; goods
是可数名词，但是只有复数形式，它作主语谓语动词用复数。
Money can be exchanged for goods or services.
钱可以用来换取商品或服务。
The goods are priced too high.
货物定价太高。
III. Using language
Attributive clauses
1.
概念
合句中，
修饰某一名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。
被 修饰的名词或代词被称作先行词。
定语从
句是由关系词
(
关系代词或关系副词
)
引导。关系词一般有三个功能
:
1)
起连词作用，引导从句
;
2)
代替先行词
;
3)
在从句中充当一个成分。
关系词
指代的先行词
在从句中的成分
that
指人或指物
主语或宾语
who
指人
主语或宾语
whom
指人
宾语
which
指物
主语或宾语
whose
指人的或物的
定语
where
指地点
状语
when
指时间
状语
why
指原因
状语
2.
各个关系词的基本用法
that, which, who(m)
作宾语时，在口语或非正式场合可以省略。例如：
He is the man that / who won the first prize in the competition.
他就是在这次比赛中获得第一名的男子。
Is this the girl (that/ who/ whom) you talked of in your letter?
她就是你在信中谈及的那个女孩吗
?
The train that / which has just left is for Shenzhen.
刚出发的这趟列车是开往深圳的。
Where is the book (that /which) I bought last week?
我上周买的那本书在哪儿？
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