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船舶实用英语

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-01-25 05:52
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2021年1月25日发(作者:迪)
(二)缺陷与损坏的类别与原因

缺陷

defects, deficiencies
制造中缺陷

defects in(during) manufacturing
潜在缺陷

latent (potential
可能的
) defects
金属分层

lamination
金属疲劳

fatigue
金属疏松

porosity
如:汽缸套内表面发现金属疏松。

The inner surface of cyl. liner was found porous about XXxXX in area.
如:条状疏松

found to have porosity in strips.
如:气孔

gas porosity
空泡

cavity
气孔
gas cavity
疏松
slag(
熔渣
) cavity
砂眼

sand cavity
如:螺旋浆有严重的空泡腐蚀

Propeller blades pitted seriously due to cavitation erosion.
缩孔

shrinkage hole
如:
断口表面的材料进行了外观检查,
发现有七处疏松和二处直径

10
毫米缩孔

的缺陷。

The material at the broken surface was visually examined and found with defects
of 7 slag cavities and 2
Φ
10mm shrinkage holes.
冷隔

cold shuts
结疤

scabs
误差

error
未装

not fitted
如:由于主润滑油泵出口至各分路管上没有调节阀各分路润滑油压力不能调节

85
L.O. pressure in branch pipes incapable of being regulated due to no regulating
valves being fitted in branch pipes from the output side of main L.O. pump.
未备有

not provided

not available
如:由空气瓶至各柴油发电机组的分路管路上没有截止阀

No stop valves provided in branch pipes from air vessels to each diesel
generating set.
不齐全、不完整

incomplete
不足

insufficient
不足、缺少

deficient
如:冰箱冷量不足

One refrigerator in the Chief Engineer’s cabin was deficient in cool capacity.

如:冷藏舱的绝缘有缺陷,以致后舱壁上有冷凝水出现

The insulation of the refrigerating chamber in No.4 cargo hold was deficient so
that much condensed water appeared on the aft bulkhead of No.3 cargo hold
缺少

short of
如:起货柱扶梯上端的工作平台未装有保险活动盖板

The working platform at the upper ends of the 4 kingpost ladders short of hinged
covers.
如:重型吊杆的钢索卷车其刹车装置缺少加滑油孔

Two wire reels for the heavy derrick, their brake devices are short of lub. oil
filling holes.
如:碱性蓄电池组缺少一节应予以配齐。

The alkaline battery, which was short of one unit, should be completely provided.
遗漏、省去

omitted
如:驾驶室和船长舱室内的部分航海仪器在安装部位处的镶边遗漏

The inserts of the partial navigation instruments in the wheelhouse and the
Captain’s cabin omitted in way of the fitting parts.

遗漏、疏忽

neglected
遗失

missing, lost
如:离合器操纵杆的锁销遗失,已用螺栓代替。

The locking pin for the control lever of clutch was missing and had been
replaced with one bolt.
如:右锚链第一节拉断,右锚失落。

The std side chain cables were broken at its 1
st
length and the std side anchor
lost.
不整齐

untidy
杂乱

in a mess
失圆

out of roundness
拉线不直

out of alignment
间隙过大

excess clearance
不水密

non-watertight
裂缝、裂纹

cracked
发裂

hair crack
穿透裂缝

through crack
未穿透裂缝

non-through crack
冰裂

crack by icing
如:螺旋桨叶片的推力面发现与该浆叶根部间有一处长约
140
毫米的裂纹。

The ahead surface of the propeller blade was found cracked at one place between
the surface and the blade root about 140mm in length.
穿透性裂纹

如:
立式燃油辅锅炉炉胆 下部弯边处在燃烧器对面发现穿透性裂纹五条,
此次挖

V
型槽后用电焊焊妥。

The U-shaped ring of the inner side shell plate of the boiler, opposite the burner,
was found to have 5 penetrating cracks
,
and the cracks were chiseled out with V
groove and then covered by welding.
垂向裂纹

如:有一条长约

150
毫米的明显垂向裂纹贯穿全部
20
牙。裂缝深至螺牙根部

There was a vertical crack extending through the whole 20 teeth about 150mm in
length, with the depth to the bottom of thread.
裂纹成
45
o
如:裂纹成

45
o
从活塞肖孔两端到裙部顶端贯穿整个裙部

cracked at 45
o
upward from the both sides of the piston pin hole to the skirt top
with the depth extending through the whole piston skirt.
焊缝裂开

如:右舷

66
肋位处舷墙立柱的焊缝裂开

The welded seam of one stiffener on bulwark in way of std frame No.66 broken.
如:连接甲板与舵角限制器三角板的焊缝断裂。

The welded seam for connecting the bracket of the deck stops with the deck
plating broken about 200mm in length.
中拱

hogged
中垂

sagged
凹陷

船壳板肋位间凹陷

indented (dented)
船壳板大面积凹陷

set in
船底板大面积凹陷

set up
甲板大面积凹陷

set down
变形

deformed
如:在一个肋位长度内变形

deformed about one frame space in length
如:三付舱室长方形窗塑料框架变形

One plastic framing of the rectangular window in the Third Officer’s cabin

deformed.
如:离合器手柄均有不同程度的变形。

The handles of the clutches deformed in different degrees
如:左舷
#166-#171
肋位间外板局部变形,并有两处向内凹陷,凹陷深度约为
60
毫米。

Port side shell plating was locally deformed between Fr. Nos.166-171 with two
indents of about 60mm in depth.
变形

out of shape
成波状变形

corrugated
(横骨架结构船底板大面积变形)

波曲

waved
(横骨架结构船底板肋位间向内凹进)

呈自然波形

deformed in wave condition.
皱折

buckled
呈瘦马型

buckled between frames.
如:船壳板呈瘦马型

The shell plating was buckled between frames.
鼓起、凸出

bulged
弯曲

bent
如:
左舷
#171-#164
肋骨在主甲板与第一平台甲板间严重弯曲,
其中
#169

#170
肋骨在与外板连接处裂开长约各一米。

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