人版英语八年级(下册)单词短语语法

2021年1月25日发(作者：什锦糖)
.
人教版英语八年级下册

Unit 1
What’s the matter?

重点单词

matter
n.
问题；事情

stomachache
n.
胃痛；腹痛

foot
n.
脚；足

neck
n.
颈；脖子

stomach
n.
胃；腹部

throat
n.
咽喉；喉咙

fever
n.
发烧

lie
v.
（
lay
）躺；平躺

rest
v. & n.
放松；休息

cough
n. & v.
咳嗽

X-ray
n. X
射线；
X
光

toothache
n.
牙痛

headache
n.
头痛

break
n.
间歇；休息

hurt
v.
（
hurt
）
（使）疼痛；受伤

passenger
n.
乘客；旅客

off
adv. & prep.
离开（某处）
；不工作；从……去掉

onto
prep.
向；朝

trouble
n.
问题；苦恼

hit
v.
（
hit
）
（用手或器具）击；打

herself
pron.
（
she
的反身代词）她自己

sick
adj.
生病的；有病的

knee
n.
膝；膝盖

ourselves
pron.
（
we
的反身代词）我们自己

climber
n.
登山者；攀登者

risk
n. & v.
危险；风险；冒险

situation
n.
情况；状况

kilo
（
=kilogram
）

n.
千克；公斤

rock
n.
岩石

knife
n.
（
pl. knives
）刀

blood
n.
血

mean
v.
（
meant
）意思是；打算；意欲

importance
n.
重要性；重要

decision
n.
决定；抉择

control
n. & v.
限制；约束；管理

spirit
n.
勇气；意志

death
n.
死；死亡

nurse
n.
护士

重点短语

1.
What’s the matt
er?
怎么了？出什么事了？

2. have a cold
感冒

3. have a stomachache
胃痛

4. lie down
躺下





















.

.

.





















.
5.
take one’s temperature 量体温

6. have a fever
发烧

7. take breaks(take a break
）

休息

8. get off
下车

9.
to one’s surprise 使……惊讶的；出乎……意料

10. right away
立即；马上

11. get into
陷入；参与

12. be used to
习惯于……；适应于……

13. take risks(take a risk)
冒险

14. run out (of)
用尽；耗尽

15. cut off
切除

16. get out of
离开；从……出来

17. be in control of
掌管；管理

18. give up
放弃

重点句型

1.
—What’s the matter?

—
I have a stomachache.
2.
—
W
hat’s the matter with Ben?

—
He hurt himself. He has a sore back.
3.
—
Do you have a fever?
—
Yes, I do. /
No, I don’t
./
I don’t know.

4.
—
Does he have a toothache?
—
Yes, he does.
5.
—
What should she do?
—
She should take her temperature.
6.
—
Should I put some medicine on it?
—
Yes, you should. / No, you shouldn
’t.

7.
You shouldn’t eat so much next time.

He should lie down and rest.
He should see a dentist and get X-ray.
重点语法

1. have
在涉及健康问题的句子中的应用。

2.
情态动词
should
和
shouldn’t
表“建 议”、“提议”或“请求”等。

3.
反身代词。

4. see sb. doing sth.
表示“看到某人正在从事某事或正处于某种状态”

5. thanks to sb./sth.
表示“多亏；因为；由于”。


Unit 2
I’ll help to clean up the city parks.

重点单词

cheer
v.
欢呼；喝彩

volunteer
v.
义务做；自愿做

n.
志愿者

sign
n.
标志；信号

notice
n.
通知；公告；注意

v.
注意到；意识到

lonely
adj.
孤独的；寂寞的

several
pron.
几个；数个；一些

strong
adj.
强烈的；强壮的





















.

.

.





















.
feeling
n.
感觉；感触

satisfaction
n.
满足；满意

joy
n.
高兴；愉快

owner
n.
物主；主人

journey
n.
（尤指长途）旅行；行程

raise
v.
募集；征集

alone
adv.
独自；单独

repair
v.
修理；修补

fix
v.
修理；安装

broken
adj.
破损的；残缺的

wheel
n.
车轮；轮子

letter
n.
信；函

Miss
n.
女士；小姐

disabled
adj.
丧失能力的；有残疾的

blind
adj.
瞎的；失明的

deaf
adj.
聋的

imagine
v.
想象；设想

difficulty
n.
困难；难题

open
v.
开；打开

door
n.
门

carry
v.
拿；提；扛

train
v.
训练；培训

excited
adj.
激动的；兴奋的

training
n.
训练；培训

kindness
n.
仁慈；善良

clever
adj.
聪明的；聪颖的

understand
v.
理解；领会

change
v. & n.
变化；改变

interest
n.
兴趣；关注

v.
使感兴趣；使关注

sir
n.
先生（用于正式信函中对不知名的男性收信人的称呼时，写为
Sir
）

madam
n.
夫人；女士（用于正式信函中对不知名的女性收信人的称呼时，写 为
Madam
）

重点短语

1. clean up
打扫（清除）干净

2. cheer up
（使）变得更高兴；振奋起来

3. give out
分发；散发

4. come up with
想出；提出（主意、计划、回答等）

5. put off
推迟

6. hand out
分发

7. call up
打电话给（某人）
；征召

8. used to
曾经……；过去……

9. care for
照顾；非常喜欢

10. try out
参加……选拔；试用

11. fix up
修理；装饰

12. give away
赠送；捐赠

13. take after
（外貌或行为）像

14. set up
建起；设立





















.

.

.





















.
15. make a difference
影响；有作用

重点句型

1.
I’d like to help homeless people.

She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
2. You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up.
Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job.
3. She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read.
I’m making some signs to put up
around the school.
重点语法

1.
动词不定式作宾语；状语和宾语补足语。

2.
情态动词
could
表建议的用法。

3.
动词短语。


Unit 3
Could you please clean your room?
重点单词

rubbish
n.
垃圾；废弃物

fold
v.
折叠；对折

sweep
v.
（
swept
）扫；打扫

floor
n.
地板

mess
n.
杂乱；不整洁

throw
v.
扔；掷

neither
adv.
也不

shirt
n.
衬衫

pass
v.
给；递；走过；通过

borrow
v.
借；借用

lend
v.
借给；借出

finger
n.
手指

hate
v.
厌恶；讨厌

while
conj.
与……同时；当……的时候；而；然而

stress
n.
精神压力；心理负担

waste
n.
浪费；垃圾

v.
浪费；滥用

provide
v.
提供；供应

anyway
adv.
而且；加之

depend
v.
依靠；信赖

develop
v.
发展；壮大

fairness
n.
公正性；合理性

since
conj.
因为；既然

prep., conj. & adv.
从……以后；自……以来

neighbor
n.
邻居

ill
adj.
有病；不舒服

drop
v.
落下；掉下

fair
adj.
合理的；公正的

unfair
adj.
不合理的；不公正的

重点短语

1. take out the rubbish
倒垃圾

2. all the time
频繁；反复

3. as soon as
一……就……；尽快





















.

.

.





















.
4. in order to
目的是；为了

5. depend on
依靠；信赖

6. take care of
照顾；处理

重点句型

1.
—
Could I go out for dinner with my friends?
—
Sure, that should be OK.
2.
—
Could we get something to drink after the movie?
—No, you can’t. You have a basketball game tomorrow.

3.
—
Could you please take the dog for a walk?
—
OK, but I want to watch one show first.
4.
—
Could you please take out the rubbish?
—
Yes, sure.
重点语法

1. Could
表礼貌的请求或者请求允许。


Unit 4
Why don’t you talk to your parents?

重点单词

allow
v.
允许；准许

wrong
adj.
有毛病；错误的

guess
v.
猜测；估计

deal
n.
协议；交易

relation
n.
关系；联系；交往

communication
n.
交流；沟通

argue
v.
争吵；争论

cloud
n.
云；云朵

elder
adj.
年纪较长的

instead
adv.
代替；反而；却

whatever
pron.
任何；每一

nervous
adj.
焦虑的；担忧的

offer
v.
主动提出；自愿给予

proper
adj.
正确的；恰当的

secondly
adv.
第二；其次

communicate
v.
交流；沟通

explain
v.
解释；说明

clear
adj.
清楚易懂的；晴朗的

copy
v.
抄袭；模仿；复制；复印

return
v.
归还；回来；返回

anymore
adv.
（常用于否定句和疑问句末）再也（不）
；
（不）再

member
n.
成员；分子

pressure
n.
压力

compete
v.
竞争；对抗

opinion
n.
意见；想法；看法

skill
n.
技艺；技巧

typical
adj.
典型的

football
n.
（美式）橄榄球；足球

quick
adj.
快的；迅速的；时间短暂的





















.

.

.





















.
continue
v.
持续；继续存在

compare
v.
比较

crazy
adj.
不理智的；疯狂的

push
v.
鞭策；督促；推动

development
n.
发展；发育；成长

cause
v.
造成；引起

usual
adj.
通常的；寻常的

perhaps
adv.
可能；大概；也许

重点短语

1.
What’s wrong? 哪儿不舒服？

2. look through
快速查看；浏览

3. big deal
重要的事

4. work out
成功地发展；解决

5. get on with
和睦相处；关系良好

6. cut out
删除；删去

7. compare
…
with
比较；对比

8.
in one’s opinion 依……看

重点句型

1.
—You look tired. What’s the matter?

—
I
studied until midnight last night so I didn’t get enough sleep.

2.
—
What should I do?
—Why don’t you forget about it? Although she’s

wrong, it’s not a big deal.

3.
—
What should he do?
—He should talk to his friend so that he can say he’s sorry.

4.
—
Maybe you could go to his house.
—I guess I could, but I don’t want to surprise him.

重点语法

1.
Why don’t you …? 给出建议。

2.
连词
until, so that
和
although
引导的状语从句。


Unit 5
What were you doing when the rainstorm came?
重点单词

alarm
n.
闹钟

begin
v.
开始

heavily
adv.
在很大程度上；大量地

suddenly
adv.
突然；忽然

strange
adj.
奇特的；奇怪的

storm
n.
暴风雨

wind
n.
风

light
n.
光；光线；光亮

report
v. & n.
报道；公布

area
n.
地域；地区

wood
n.
木；木头

window
n.
窗；窗户

match
n.
火柴

beat
v.
敲打；打败





















.

.

.