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壹学英语
No.1 English
2012
年秋新人教版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结
Unti1 what’s the matter?
短语归纳
much
太多
down
躺下
an X-ray
做个
X
光检查
one ’s temperature
量体温
some medicine on ......
在
....
上敷药
a fever
发烧
breaks /take a break
休息
t thinking twice
没多想
off
下车
sb to the hospital
送某人去医院
for
等待
one’s surprise
使
.......
惊讶的
thanks to
多亏于;由于
time
及时
about
考虑
a heart problem
患有心脏病
into the trouble
遇到麻烦
the right thing
做正确的事情事情
down
摔倒
...... on sth
把
...
放在某物上
hit/sunburned
摔伤
/
烧伤
interested in
对
.....
感兴趣
used to
习惯于
....
risks/take a risk
挑战
one’s life
失去生命
e of
因为
out of
用完
off
切除
out of
从
...
出来
a decision/decisions
做决定
in control of
掌管;管理
up
放弃
用法归纳
to do sth .
需要去做某事
sb doing sth
看见某人正在做某事
sb sth
询问某人某事
sb to do sth
期望某人做某事
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壹学英语
No.1 English
to do sth
想要做某事
sb (to) do sth
帮助某人做某事
to do sth
想要做某事
sb to do sth
告诉某人做某事
problems(in) doing sth
做某事有困难
sth to do sth
用某物去做某事
/get used to doing sth
习惯于做某事
to do sth
好像做某事
on doing sth
继续做某事
doing sth
介意做某事
语法点
1.
询问某人的健康问题及遇到麻烦的表达方法
2.
情态动词
should
的用法
情态动词
should
的用法
表示劝告与建议,也表义务与责任
第一人称问句中,征询建议要记清
3.
不定代词的用法
相关阅读方法
推理判断阅读法
精细解读
1. What’s the matter (with
you)?
怎么了?出什么事了?
What’s
the trouble/ the problem / wrong with sb./ sth.?
2. I had a cold.
我感冒了。
have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu
have a fever
have a cough
咳嗽
have a stomachache
胃疼,肚子疼
have a toothache
牙疼
have a
headache
头疼
3.
身体部位
+ache
(疼痛)构成新的复合词
stomach+ache=stomachache
head+ache=headache
tooth+ache=toothache
back+ache=backache
后背痛
4. much too+
词,意为
,
too much+
词,意
为
。
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壹学英语
No.1 English
5. enough【形容、副词】足够的
/
地,
enough
放在
名前后,形副后
。
good enough
足够好,
enough money=money money
6. lie down
躺下,
lie
躺,躺着,过去式
lay
;
lie
说谎,过去式
lied
7. maybe “
或许
”
,常用于句首,表示可能性,后加句子。
Maybe you are right.
may be
,
是情态动词
+be
的结构,
意为
“
可能,
也许
”
,
后加名词、
代词或 形容词。
He may be angry.
8. sound like+
名词代词和从句:
It sounds like you d
on’t know the truth.
It
sounds like a good idea.
sound+
形容词,
“
听起来,好像
”
,
The music sounds nice.
9. need
需要,实义动词
need+
名词,需要某物;
need to do sth.
需要做某事,主语通常是人,表示人主动的动作:
You need to listen carefully
during class.
need doing sth.
主语通常是物,表示被动的动作:
Your dirty clothes need
washing.
10. get off (the bus)
下(公交车)
get on
上车
11. agree
同意,赞同;同意做某事
,同意某人的看法、观
点
。
12. trouble
问题,麻烦
;
be in trouble
,
make
trouble
,
have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing
sth
。
13. right away=right now=at once
,意为
。
14.
【复习】
advice
[
不可数名词
]
劝告,建议,向
…
征求意
见
,
give sb. advice on sth.
就某事给某人建议;
advise
[
动词
] advise sb. to do sth.
advise sb. doing
sth
.
15.
【复习】
exercise
动词意为
,可数时意
为
,不可数时意为
。
16. hurt
及物动词,使
……
疼痛,
……
受伤,
He hurt his leg while exercising.
不及物动词,
……
(部位)疼。
His leg hurt badly.
17. clean
【动词】
,
clean the classroom
,
【形容
词】
,
cleaner
意为
。
18. hit
(用手或器具)
打;
击打
The
boy hit the dog with a stone.
hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back
打某人的头、鼻子、后背,
on
用在所打较硬的部位;
hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach
打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子,
in
用在所打较软的部位。
19.
be
used to sth./
doing sth
.
习惯于 、
适应了
……
、
做某事,
强调状态;
His grandpa was used to
country life.
Mary is not used to
getting
up early in the morning.
get/ become
used to sth./ doing sth. “
变得习惯,逐渐适应
……”
强调过程、动作:
It’s
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壹学英语
No.1 English
difficult for one to get used to another country’s habit.
20.
【复习】
free [
形容词
]
空闲的
free time
;
免费的
the drink is for free
;
自由的
I want to become
a free bird.
free
【动词】使
……
解脱,得到自由
He could not free his arm.
21. run out
用完,用尽
When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to
save his own life.
物
sth. tun out.
某物用尽了。
人
sb. run out of
物
sth..
人用尽了某物。
He run out of all his
money last night.
22. risk (sb.) to do sth.
冒险去做某事
take a risk=take risks
冒险
23. the importance of (doing) sth.
(
做)
某事的重要性
We students should know the importance
of (learning) English.
importance
n.
重要(性),
important
adj.
重要的,
unimportant
adj.
24. decision
【名词】决定;抉择;
make a decision
make a decision to do
sth.=
。
25. be in the control of …
掌管,管理
The headmaster is in the control of this new school.
be out of control
无法控制,无法管理
be under control
被控制住,在控制之中
26.
【复习】
mind
意为
,
mind doing sth.
, Would you
mind my opening the window?
27. give up (doing) sth.
放弃
(做)
某事,
give up (playing) computer games
;
give up
后可接名词、
代词和动词
ing
形式,也可不接,如
Never give up easily.
二、重要短语
1. have a cold
2. have a stomachache
3. see sb. do sth.
4. shout for help
5. expect (sb.) to do sth.
6. to one’s surprise
7. thanks to …
8. think about…
9. be interested in sth.
10. lose one’s life
11. save one’s life
12. take a risk=take risks
13. cut off
14. keep on doing sth.
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壹学英语
No.1 English
三、重点语法
【反身代词】
英语中共有八个反身代词 ,
在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象
在人称、性别、数上保持一致。
数
人称
单数
复数
【用法】
1.
可用作宾语,指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。
如:
Maria bought herself a scarf.
We must
look after ourselves very well.
2.
可用作表语,指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。
如:
She isn’t quite herself today.
3.
可用作主语或宾语的同位语,常用来加强语气。
如:
She herself will fly to London tomorrow.
I
met the writer himself last week.
4.
用在某些固定短语当中。
如:
look after oneself / take care of oneself
照顾自己
teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself
自学
enjoy oneself
玩得高兴,过得愉快
help oneself to sth
请自用
……
(随便吃
/
喝些
……
)
.
hurt oneself
摔伤自己
say to oneself
自言自语
leave sb. by oneself
把某人单独留下
buy oneself sth.
给自己买
……
东西
introduce oneself
介绍
……
自己
【提醒】
1.
反身代词不能单独做主语,但可以做主语的同位语,起强调作用。
如:我
自己能完成作业。
(误)
Myself can finish my homework.
(
正
)
I myself can finish my
homework. / I can finish my homework myself.
第一人称
myself
ourselves
第二人称
yourself
yourselves
第三人称
himself
herself
itself
themselves
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壹学英语
No.1 English
2.
反身代词表示
“< br>某人自己
”
不能表示
“
某人的东西
”
,
因为 它没有所有格的形式。
表达
“
某人自己的(东西)
”
时,须要用one’s own.
如:
我用我自己的蜡笔画画。
(误)
I’m drawing with myself crayons.
(
正
)
I’m
drawing with my own crayons.
【练习】
1. My classmate, Li Ming, made a card for _________ just now.
2. Bad luck! I cut _________ with a knife yesterday.
3. They tell us they can look after_________ very well.
4. My cat can find food by_________ .
5. Help __________to some beef, boys.
6. Jenny enjoyed_________ in the park yesterday afternoon.
7. We can finish our homework by_________ .
8. The blind girl lost_________ in the beautiful music.
9. Xiao Hui, can you introduce _________ to us ?
10. Bill wants to teach_________ French from now on.
Unit 2 I
’
ll help to clean the city parks
短语归纳
up
打扫干净
up
(使)变得更高兴;振奋起来
out
分发
4. used to
曾经
......
;过去
........
away
赠送;捐赠
up
建立;设立
a difference
up with
想出
off
推迟
up
张贴
up
打电话给
out
帮助
.....
摆脱困难
for
照顾;照看
up
放弃
out for
参加选拔
true
实现
out of
用光
after
与
.....
相像
up
修理
similiar to
与
......
相似
用法归纳
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壹学英语
No.1 English
to do sth
需要做某事
plan to do sth
制定计划做某事
sb (not ) to do sth
要求某人(不要)做某事
to do sth
过去常常做某事
up +
时间
+to do sth
放弃时间做某事
a feeling of.....
有
......
感觉
to do sth
决定做某事
sb (to)do sth
帮助某人做某事
a difference to
对
......
产生影响
it possible for sb to do sth
使得做某事对某人来说是可能的
单元课文出现的好句子
1.
We need to come up with a plan to tell people about the city park clean-up.
我们要相处一个计划来告诉人们关于这个城市公园清洁日的事。
can
’
t put off making a plan.
我们不能推迟制定计划了
could put up signs.
我们可以张贴标志牌。
拓展链接
动词
+
副词
短语
cheer up
使高兴起来
clean up
打扫干净
put up
张贴
mix up
修理
give away
赠送
give out
分发
give up
放弃
use up
用光
get up
起床
hand in
上交
put off
推迟
pick up
捡起
think over
仔细思考
turn down
关
小音量
set up
建立
set off
出发
look out
小心
动词
+
介词
短语
look after
照顾
belong to
属于
take after
与
....
相像
hear from
收到
.....
来
信
hear of
听说
pay for
支付
wait for
等待
动词
+
副词
+
介词
短语
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壹学英语
No.1 English
get out of
避免
come up with
想出
catch up with
追上赶上
look forward to
期待盼望
go on with
继续
动词
+
名词
短语
have a rest
休息一下
take a walk
散步
make mistakes
犯错
have a try
试
一下
take place
发生
tell a lie
撒谎
make a decision
做决定
动词
+
名词
+
介词
短语
have a look at
看一看
make a friend with
与
.....
交朋友
have a word with
与
....
交谈
have a drink of
喝一点
pay attention to
注意
make fun of
取笑
Be+
形容词
+
介词
短语
be late for
迟到
be angry with
生气
be fond of
喜欢
be good at
擅长
be good for
对
...
有好处
be short of
缺乏
be similiar to
与
......
相似
be strict with
对
......
严格要求
be pound of
骄傲
自豪
语法点
动词不定式归纳
只跟动词不定式做宾语的动词
决心学会有希望(
decide,learn,wish,hope
)
同意计划莫假装(
agree,plan,pretend
)
忘记拒绝会失望(
forget,refuse,fail
)
准备设法来帮忙(
prepare,try,manage,help
)
提供请求负担起(
offer,beg,afford
)
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壹学英语
No.1 English
记得阻止理应当(
remember stop,be supposed
)
相关阅读方法
词义猜测阅读法
习题链接
1.-Tom failed the exam again
-Sorry to hear that. We should do something to
.
A.
cheer him up
on him him on uo him
boys volunteer three hours
up the park near their school.
A.
cleaning
B. to clean
C. cleaned
D. with cleaning
woman in red
a works in a hospital now.
A.
used to be
B. is used to be used to be
old man lives
,but he doesn
’
t feel
.
A.
alone;alone
B. lonely;lonely alone D. alone;lonely
, I have something important
you.
g
tell
6.--The old man
all his money to a charity.
away
away away away
all feel
after hear of the
news.
d;exciting ng;exciting d;exciting ng;excited
Unit3 Could you please clean your room?
短语归纳
the dishes
洗餐具
out the trash
倒垃圾
out
外出
out
呆在外面;不在家
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壹学英语
No.1 English
out
帮助做完某事
least
至少
down
扔下
the time
一直;反复
surprise
惊讶地
soon as
一
......
就
...... < br>......on......
在
......
花费(时间、金钱、精力)
12.
in order to
为了
e sth for sb
向某人提供某物
on
依赖;信赖
after
照顾;照看
it clean and tidy
保持干净整洁
into
进入
care of
照顾
a result
结果
用法归纳
doing sth
做完某事
sb to do sth
想要某人做某事
(not) to do sth
尽力(不)做某事
sb do sth
让某人做某事
......(in) doing sth
花费
......
做某事
doing sth
介意做某事
to do sth
学习做某事
how to do sth
学习怎样做某事
+
比较级,
the+
比较级
越
......
,就越
.....
语法点
情态动词
could
的用法
表示请求与准许,
could
委婉有礼貌;
表示能力会不会,
could
只把过去表
表示怀疑不相信,
could
缓和情绪弱
推测可能用
could,
虚拟语气也常用
相关阅读方法
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