PET英文书信

2021年1月25日发(作者：zoladex)
英文书信分为私人信函和业务信函
（公函）
两大类。
私人信函指个人与个人之 间的来往书信；
业务信函为谈论或处理公务的信函。

1.
英文书信的基本格式：

英文信一般由六部分组成：信头
(He ading
），信内地址
(Inside Address)
，称呼
(Sal utation)
，
正文
(Letter Body)
，结束用语
(Complimentary Close)
，签名
(Signature)
。

信头：指写信人的 地址和写信日期。一般写在信的右上角。先写地址，后写日期。日期写法
用
“
月日年< br>”
或
“
日月年
”
都可以，最好用基数词表示。

信内地址：指收信人的姓名和地址。在称呼上方顶格写起
,
低于信头。先写收信人姓 名、头
衔和单位，再写收信人地址。
(
信内地址只用于商务书信
)
称呼
:
对收信人的称呼。写在信内地址下，从左顶格写起。常以
Dear…
开 头
,
接逗号。

正文：指信的内容。这是信函最主要的部分，基本要求是正确、简洁、明了、礼貌。

结束用语：
又称谦恭语等，
是写信人对收信人的一种谦称。
一般写在信的右下方，单独成行，
开头字母大写，末尾用逗号。所用的表达法略有不同，如：

在不相识的人之间用：
Yours (very) truly / Yours faithfully / Yours respectfully
等；

在一般熟人之间用：
Yours faithfully
/ Yours sincerely
/ Yours devotedly / Yours
cordially
等；

在亲戚或密友之间用：
Yours / Yours ever / Lovingly / With love / Yours affectionately / Your
sincere (true, devoted) friend / Your loving…
等；

对上级或长辈用：
Yours (very) obediently / Yours (very) respectfully / Yours gratefully / Yours
appreciatively
等
.
（注：
Yours
也可以后置 。）

(
私人信函中常用
With my best wishes / With best regards / All my love
等词语与结束语连用。
)
签名：指写信人的亲笔签名。写在结束语之下。

有的信函有附言
(Post script)
和附件
(Enclosure)
。附言在信尾用
P.S.表示。附件用
Encl.
或
Enc.
表示。
(
附件不止 一项时就用
Encs
表示
)

英文信函常见的书写格式是缩进式
(Indented style)
和齐头式
(Block style)
。缩进式写法是段首
缩进 约四五个英文字母，
段与段之间不空行。
这是正规的传统写法，使用较广泛。
齐头式写
法每行都从左边顶格写起，段与段之间空一行。此格式是简化的现代格式，
高效省时，
多为
商务信函所采用。


2.
私人信函

(Personal / Private letter)
私人信函属非正式信函。一般由 信头、称呼、正文、结束用语和签名五个部分组成。常见的
私人信函有：邀请信
(Letter of Invitation)
、祝贺信
(Letter of Congratulation)
、感谢信
(Letter of
Thanks)
、道歉信
(Letter of Apology)
、慰问信
(Letter of Condolence)
等。

我们来了解一下邀请函的写法：

邀 请函可以是私人信函，也可以是事务信函，分正式
(
请柬
)
和非正式
(
一般邀请函
)
两种。写
一般邀请函要注意：①叙事要清楚，要把活动的场合 、时间、地点、内容等交代详细；②被
邀请者无论接受与否都应及时回信；③回函中要复述邀请信提到的 时间、地点和人物。

常用句型：

I’ll be expecting you on….

I have pleasure in accepting your invitation to….

I regret that I have another arrangement at...
I am sorry that I shall not be able to join you because….

We would like to invite you to…

It would be our pleasure to
have you present at…

We should be more than pleased if you can join us…

Please confirm that you will be able to attend by advising us of your time of arrival, so we can
arrange for you to be met.
I do hope you can make it.
If you can’t make it, please
also let me know.
例
:(
邀请函
)
Dear Miss Brown,
My cousin Jack will be staying with us for a few days during the Christmas holiday and I have
planned a family dinner for him next Friday evening at six thirty so that he can meet some of our
friends. We should be delighted if you could join us. I hope you will let me know that you can
come.

Yours sincerely,
Tom Henry
复函
1:(
接受邀请）

Dear Mr. Henry,
Thank you for your kind invitation to the dinner with you and Mrs. Henry which are giving next
Friday for your cousin at six thirty p.m. I shall be very happy indeed to come, and look forward
with pleasure to meeting your cousin.

Sincerely yours,
(Signature)
复函
2:(
拒绝邀请）

Dear Mr. Henry,
I am so sorry that I cannot go to the dinner with you and Mrs. Henry which are giving next Friday
for your cousin at six thirty p.m. Unfortunately, I have already made an engagement for that
evening. I do appreciate your kind invitation and hope we shall have the opportunity to say yes at
some future time.

Very sincerely,
(Signature)

私人信函的常用句型：

We wish you succeed in...
Allow me to convey my congratulations.
Please accept our heartiest congratulations.
Convey my warm congratulations.
Send you our very best wishes for the future.
Many thanks for ….

It was good of you…

We really appreciate…

We are grateful for…

Please accept my sincere
appreciation for….

I’m so sorry that…

We must apologize for….

We are extremely sorry for…

Please accept our apologies once again.
We hope that this has not caused you any inconvenience.
It is with great sorrow that I hear of ….

We are greatly shocked to le
arn that….

I should like to know you getting on now.
We do hope that you are doing well after…


私人信函常用客套语
:
Your kind letter which I received has given me great comfort.
Not having heard of you for long, I feel anxious.
Thank you very much for your lette
r dated….

Wish you the best of health and success.
Kindly favor me with an early reply.
Hoping for a favorable answer.
Give my best wishes to…

Please remember me to…


3
．业务信函（公函）
(Official Correspondence)
业务信函中有处理一般公务的事务类信函及涉及贸易往来关系的商务类信函。

事务信 函所涉及的内容有求职、推荐、申请、介绍、邀请、咨询、招聘等等。事务信函写作
的基本要求：①格式 包括六个部分，即信头、信内地址、称呼、正文，结束用语和签名；②
正文开门见山，内容简明扼要，条 理清楚完整；③信件用词比较正式。

下面是两种常见事务信函：

（
1)
申请信
(Letter of Application):
申请信包括求职申请
(Application for a Job)
、入学申请
(Application for Admission)
、奖学金申
请
(Application for Scholarship)
、签证申请
(Visa Application)
等。各 种申请信的侧重点不同，
但遵循的原则是一致的，目的是用简短的篇幅将自己推介出去，以达到预想的目 标。

写申请信要注意以下几点：

①用词要正式；②有
“
信内地址
”
；③内容简要，条理清楚；④
正文介绍自己的基本情况、说明申请内容及原 因等；⑤有时要附学历证件、
推荐信等，
便于
对方了解后做决定。

最常见的申请函是求职信，其内容包括：
①说明应聘职位，交代所得信息的来源；
②介绍自身情况；求职信不同于简历，不可面面俱到，
要有针对性地阐述自己的能力与特长；③请求
面试机会并表示感谢。

常用句型：

I learned from the newspaper that…

I have seen your advertisement in today’s newspaper and…

I hope you will consider my application. Meanwhile, please do not hesitate to contact me.
I am writing to inquire opportunities for…

I hope to be lucky enough
to enter…

I should like to apply for the scholarship that…

I am writing to ask whether you could…

I work hard and I can get along well with others.
I would welcome the opportunity for a personal interview with you at your convenience.
I hope that you will be kind enough to consider my application favorably.
例：
(
求职申请
)
Dec.6, 2009
Dear Mr. Manager,
In reply to your advertisement in today’s Changsha Daily, I am applying for the position of
secretary. I am twenty of age, female and will graduate from Xiangnan International Studies
University in July. I have been studying English for the past four years. I majored in Secretarial
and Public Relations English (
公关英语
) among my courses. I would very much like the
opportunity to work in your company and convert my knowledge to practical use (
学以致用
).
Enclosed is my resume. I would be grateful if you would grant(
准许
) me an interview.
I am looking forward to hearing from you.

Yours faithfully,
Lu Ting