(完整word版)高中英语中六大从句用法总结

2021年1月25日发(作者：9744)
英语中六大从句用法总结


1.
主语从句

< br>1
）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置，如果从句较长，谓语又较短，可用
it
作 形式主语，而
将从句放在句末。常见的句型有：


*It is a facta pitya questiongood news that...

*It seemsappearshappenedhas turned out that...

*It is clearimportantlikelypossible that...

*It is saidreportedestimatedhas been proved that...

It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same generation.

It seems that the performance is very useful.


2)what引导的主语从句表示“
...
的东西时”
，一般不用
it
作形式 主语。


What we lack is experience.


3)what,who,when,why,whether
等词含有各自的疑问意 义，
但它们引导的主语从句，
都用陈述
语序。


How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again.

I did know why I felt like crying.


2.
宾语从句


1
）宾语从句可位 于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词
that
常可省略。介词后一般接疑
问词引导 的宾语从句。
in
that(
因为
),except
that(
除了
),but
that(
只是）已构成固定搭配，其 他
介词后一般不接
that
引导的宾语从句。


*I promised that I would change the situation.

*All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship.

*He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children.

*This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long.


2)
宾语从句后如有宾补，要 用形式宾语
it
来代替，而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。


He has made it clear that he would not change his mind.


3)
在
think,believe,suppo se,expect
等动词后的宾语从句中，
如果谓语是否定的，
一般将否定词
移至主句谓语上，宾语从句则变成肯定形式。


He didn't think that the money was well spent.


3.
表语从句


表
语
从
句
出< br>现
在
结
构
为
“
主
语
+
系< br>动
词
+
表
语
从
句
”
的
句< br>子
中
。
表
语
从
句
除
可
用< br>that,what,when,why,whether,how
等引导外，还可由
b ecause,as
if(though)
等引导。
that
常可省
略。如主句主语为
reason,
只能用
that
引导表语从句，不可用< br>because.

Perhaps
the
most
important
thing
to
remember
is
that
there
is
no
one
common
type
of
life
in
America.


The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies.


It looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller.



4.
同位语从句


同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步说明 ，
一般用连词
that
引导，
由于先行名词的意
义
不
同
，
也
可
用
whether,who,when,where,w hat,why,how
等
引
导
。
常
见
的
先
行
名
词
有
fact,idea,belief,news,hop e,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,rep ort,decision.
有
时
由
于谓语较短，将同位语从句位于谓语之后 。



She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show.


I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time.


The news came that their team had won the championship.


5.
定语从句


定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词，也可以是一个句子。
定语从句通常位于先行词
之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。



*
限制性定语从句


限制性定语从句修饰先 行词，对先行词起修饰作用，紧接先行词之后，无逗号，若省去，原
句意思不完整。
引导定语从 句的关系代词有
who,whom,whose,which,that
等。
who, whom,whose
用于指人，
whose
有时也可指物，
相当于
of which
；
which
用于指物；
that
既可指人也可指 物，
但只用于限制性定语从句中。
关系代词除了引导定语从句，
替代先行词外，
还在从句中担任
主语、宾语、定语等。


The computers and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people and organizations.



Those who live alone or who are sick may have trouble in getting close to other people.


The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother.


1)
当
先行
词
是
all,anything,everything,something ,nothing
等
不
定
代
词
或
先
行词
前
有
first,last,any,few,much,some,no,o nly
以及形容词最高级修饰时，
只能用关系代词
that
引导从句。


That is all that I've heard from him.


He's the first person that I'm going to interview this afternoon.


2)
关系代词的省略


在从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。关系 代词紧跟介词，作介词宾语时不可用
that
，只可
用
which
或
whom
引导从句，
并且不可省略，
但当介词位于宾语从句句末时，
作为介词宾语
的关系代词仍可用
that
，也可省略。


This is one of those things with which we have to put up.


This is one of those things (whichthat) we have to put up with.