so和as引导的倒装结构

2021年1月25日发(作者：大致的英文)
Partial Inversion

结果状语从句对应的
so/such
位于句首引起的倒装句


当
“so/such ... that ...”
结构中的
so, suc h
连同它所直接修饰的成分
共同位于句首表示强调时，
主句要进行倒装
(th at
后面的结果状语从句不
倒装
)
。例如：


So angry was he
that he couldn’t speak.
他愤怒得一句话也说不
出来。


So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others.
他跑得如此快，

以至于远远领先于其他人。

To
such
an
extent
do
the
parents
love
their
son
that
they
have
tried to satisfy every demand of his.
父母俩爱子爱到了如此程度，

以
至于尽量满足他的任何要求。





［考题
1
］

So difficult ____ it to work out the problem that I
decided to ask Tom for advice. (2006
广东
)
A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found




［答案］

B
［解析］

so
difficult
放于句首要引起主句的倒装，

结果状语从句
中的
“I decided to ask Tom for advi ce”
表明整句话是针对过去的
(
不强调
与现在的关联
)
，

不宜用现在完成时而应采用一般过去时，

因此本题应
选
B
。




［考题
2
］

____ homework did we have to do that we had no
time to take a rest. (2006
福建
)
A. So much B. Too much C. Too little D. So little




［答案］

A


［解析］

结果状语从句中的
“we had no time to take a rest”
意味着
休息时间很少，

应先排除选项
C
、

D
，

又由于放于句首的表语
too much
不能引起倒装，

而且意思上也难以与全句融合，

所以进一步排除
B
。



3
．重复倒装

当一个句子用
so
（在肯定句中）或
neither, nor
开头，重复上一句的
部分内容，要半倒装。

“I have applied for membership in the club.”

“
So have I
.”

He is a teacher and so is his wife.
I like singing and so does Helen.

Production is going up steadily, so is the people’s standard of living.

She didn’t come, nor did her husband.

He will not go, neither will I.

Rubber is not a conductor and neither is a plastic.

4
．让步倒装

让步状语从句中的倒装形式为：强调对象＋
as/t hough
＋主语＋其它部分，强调对象可以是表
语
(
名词，形容词
)
或状语
(
副词
)
。表语为名词时，前面通常不用冠词。

Small as an atom is, its construction is quite complex.

Busy as he is, he studies English very hard.

Much as he likes mathematics, he likes English better.
Child as he is, he knows how to please the others.



让步状语从句的五类倒装

请看下面一道考题：

______, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.
A. A quiet student as he may be
B. Quiet student as he may
be
C. Be a quiet student as he may
D. Quiet as he may be a
student

这道题很有一定难度。具体说来，它主 要涉及两个考点：一是让步状语从句倒装后的词序问题。让步状语从
句之所以要采用倒装结构，主要是为 了强调位于句首的名词、形容词、副词、动词等，其词序形式为：
被强
调的成分
+as / though +
主语
+
动词。
二是在倒装的让步状语从句中，位于句 首的单数可数名词是否带冠词
的问题。按照英语习惯，英语中的单数可数名词在泛指时，一般要有不定冠 词的修饰，但是位于倒装让步状
语从句句首的单数可数名词是个例外，即使泛指其前也不加不定冠词。由 此可知，上面这道考题的答案应为
B
。