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倒装句用法归纳

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2021-01-25 06:46
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2021年1月25日发(作者:mentalist)

倒装句用法归纳

.部分倒装

1.
否定副词位于句首时的倒装

在正式文体中,

never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere
等含有否定意义副词若位于句首,则其后要用部分装:

I shall never forgive him. / Never shall I
forgive him.
我永远不会宽恕他。

He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner.
他很少

出去吃饭。

She hardly has time to listen to music. / Hardly does she have time to listen to music.
她几乎
没时间听音乐。

He little realizes how important this meeting is. / Little does he realize how important this
meeting is.
他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。

We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off. / No sooner had we reached
the airport than the plane took off.
我们刚到机场

,
飞机就

起飞了。

【注意】

(1)
对于
not

until
句型,当
not until
位于句首时,其后的主句要用倒

装语序:

He didn
'
t leave the room until the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stopped did he leave the
room.
雨停了之后他才离开这房间。

(2)
某些起副词作用的介词短语,由于含有否定词,若位于句首,其后

要用部分倒装:

On no accou nts must this switch be touched.
这个开关是绝不能触摸的。

In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him.
无论如何我也不会

再借钱给他了。

但是,
in no time

立即,马上

位于句首时,其后无需用倒装语序:

In no time he worked out
the problem.
他马上就算出了那道题。

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倒装句用法归纳

2.

only
状语”位于句首时的倒装

当一个状语受副词

only
的修饰且置于句首时,其后用部分倒装语序:

Only then did he realize that he was wrong.
到那时他才意识到他错了。

Only in this way are you able to do it well.
你只有用这种方法才能把它做

好。

Only whe n he returned home did he realize what had happe ned.
当他回至

U
家里时,才知
道出了什么事。

3.
so+adj. / adv
位于句首时的倒装

副词
so
后接形容词或副词位于句首时,其后用部分倒装:

So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home
天气太冷,我们只好

呆在家里。

So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed.
光速很快,我

们几乎没法想像
它的速度。

So sudde n was the attack that we had no time to escape
袭击来得非常突

然,我们来不及逃
跑。

4.

so+
动词
+
主语”倒装

当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者,通常就要


Sc
助动词
+
主语”这种倒装结构
:
You are young and so am I.
你年轻,我也年轻。

She likes music and so do I.
她喜欢音乐,
我也喜欢。

If he can do it, so can I.
要是他能做此事,我也能。

【注意】

(1)
若前面提出某一否定的情况,要表示后者也属于同样的否定情况,

则应将其中的so
改为
neither

nor


You aren
'
t young and neither an
你不年轻,我也不年轻。

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倒装句用法归纳

She hasn
'
t read it and nor hav
她没有读它,我也没有读。

(2)
注意该结构与表示强调或同意的


sc
主语
+
特殊动词”结构的区别:


昨天很冷。

”“的“确很冷。



pronised.
爸爸,你答应过“的。

”嗯“,是答

应过。



5.

notonly

but al
引出的倒装


notonly

but also
位于句首引出句子时,
notonly
后的句子通常用部

分倒装形式:

Not only is he a teacher, but he is also a poet.
他不仅是一位教师,而且是

一位诗人。

Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily .
不仅他讲

得更正确,也讲得
更不费劲了。

6.
虚拟条件句的省略与倒装


if
引导的虚拟条件从句中含有

had, were, should
等时,如将
if
省略,

则要将
had, were,
should
等移到主语前,构成倒装句:
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倒装句用法归纳

Had you come yesterday, you would have see n him


你昨天来,你就会见

到他了。

Should you require anything give me a ring.
如果需要什么,

可以给我打电

话。

Were it not for your help, I would still be homeless.
要不是你帮助,

我会仍

然无家可归。

【注意】省略
if
后提前的
had
不一定是助动词:

Had I money, I would buy it.
假若我有钱,我就会买它。

二.完全倒装的四种主要类型

1. here

there
位于句首时的倒装

表示地点的
he re

there
位于句首时,其后用完全倒装形式。这类倒装

句的谓语通常是动词
be

come, go
等表示移动或动态的不及物动词:

Here
'
s Ton
汤姆在这里。

There
'
s Jin
吉姆在那儿。

Here comes the bus.
公共汽车来了。

There goes the bell.
铃响了。

There goes the last train.
最后一班火车开走了。

【注意】

(1)
以上倒装句中 的谓语动词
come

go
不能用进行时态,即不能说

Here is coming the bus


(2)
若主语为代词,则不倒装:

Here I am.
我在这儿。

/
我来了。

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倒装句用法归纳

Here it comes.
它来了。

(3)
其中的动词有时也可能是

stand, lie, live
等表示状态的动词

(
表示存


)


There stood a desk aga inst the wall.
靠墙放着一张书桌。

Once upon a time there lived a man known by the n ame of Beef.
从前有个

人名叫比夫。

2. away


down
等位于句首时的倒装

地点副词

away, down, in, off, out, over, round, up
等位于句首时,其后用

完全倒装语序。这类
倒装句的谓语通常表示动态的不及物动词:

Away went the runners.
赛跑选手们跑远了。

Round and round flew the plane.
飞机盘旋着。

The door opened and in came Mr Smith.
门开了,史密斯先生进了来。

Down came the rain
and up went the umbrellas.
下雨了,伞都撑起来了。

【注意】

若主语为人称代词,则不能用倒装:

Away he went.
他跑远了。

Down it came.
它掉了下来。

3.
状语或表语位于句首时的倒装

为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密,有时可将状语或表语置
于句

首,句中主语和谓语完全倒装:

Among these people was his friend Jim.
他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。

By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand.
窗户边坐着

一个年轻人,手里拿着一本杂志。

【注意】

在表语置于句首的这类倒装结构中,

要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语

保持一致,而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。比较:

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倒装句用法归纳

In the box was a cat.
箱子里是一只猫。

In the box were some cats.
箱子里是一些猫。

4.
分词和不定式置于句首的倒装

有时为了强调,

可将谓语部分的现在分词、

过去分词或不定式置于句首,

从而构成倒装:

Buried in the sands was an ancient village.
一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土

之中。

Standing beside the table was his wife.
站在桌旁的是他的妻子。

To be carefully considered are the following questions.
下列问题要仔细考

虑。

涉及

only
的倒装及考题分析
按英语习惯同,当“
only+
犬语”位于句首时,其后句子要用部分倒装。如
:
Only then did he realize that he was wrong.
到那时他才意识到他错了。

Only in this way are you able to do it well.
你只有用这种方法才能把它做

好。

Only in this way can our honour be saved.
只有这样,才能保住我们的荣
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倒装句用法归纳

Only then did I understand what she meant.
只有到那时我才明白她的意

思。

Only after her death was I able to appreciate her.
只有至

U
她死后我才认识

到她的价值。

Only whe n he returned home did he realize what had happe ned.
当他回至

U
家里时

,
才知道
出了什么事。

Only in this way can we learn English.
只有这样才能学会英语。

The pilot reassured the passengers. Only then did I realize how dangerous the situation had
been.
飞机驾驶员要乘客们放心,这时我才明白刚才的

情况有多危险。

Only on one point do I agree with you.
只有一点,我同意你的说法。

【典型考题】

1. Only then ________ how much damage had been caused.
A. she realized B. she had realized
C. had she realized D. did she realize
2. Only after my friend came ________ .
A. did the computer repaired B. be repaired the computer
C. was the computer repaired D. the computer was repaired
特别说明:不是利用位于句首的


only+
犬语”来考查倒装,而是倒过来,

利用给定的倒装结构来考查对

only
的选择。:

________ by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other
companies.
A. Only B. Just C. Still D. Yet
涉及副词
so
的两类常考倒装

这类倒装主要见于以下两种情形:

1.
当副词
so
后接形容词或副词位于句首时,其后要用部分倒装。如:

So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home
天气太冷,我们只好

呆在家里。

So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed.
光速很快,我

们几乎没法想象
它的速度。

So sudde n was the attack that we had no time to escape
袭击来得非常突

然,我们来不及逃
7 / 16

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