培根的《论学习》中英文对照

2021年1月25日发(作者：分子印迹)
Of Studies

Francis Bacon

Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and
for ability.

Their chief use for delight, is
in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is
in discourse; and for ability, is in the
judgment and disposition of business.

For expert and execute, and perhaps judge
of particulars, one by one; but the general
counsels, and the plots and marshalling of
affairs, come best form those that are
learned.

To spend too much time in
studies is sloth; to use them too much for
ornament, is affectation; to make judgment
wholly by their rules, is the humour of a
scholar.

They perfect nature, and are perfected by
experience: for natural abilities are like
natural plants, that need proyning by study;
and studies themselves do give forth
directions too much at large, except they be
bounded in by experience.

Crafty men contemn studies, simple men
admire them, and wise men use them; for
they teach not their own use; but that is a
wisdom without them, and above them,
won by observation.

Read not to contradict and confute; nor to
believe and take for granted; nor to find
talk and discourse; but to weigh and
consider.

Some books are to be tasted, others to be
swallowed, and some few to be chewed and
digested; that is, some books are to be read
only in parts; others to be read, but not
curiously; and some few to be read wholly,
and with diligence and attention.

Some
books also may be read by deputy, and
extracts made of them by others; but that
would be only in the less important

论学习


弗朗西斯
·
培根


王佐良

译

读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。
其怡情 也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅
彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才
也，最见于处世判事之际。



练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别
枝节，然纵观统筹，全 局策划，则舍好
学深思者莫属。读书费时过多易惰，文
采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究< br>故态。





读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书 之不
足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然
后知如何修剪移接，而书中所示，如不
以经 验范之，则又大而无当。



有一技之长者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，
唯明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告
人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全
凭观察得之。< br>


读书时不可存心诘难读者，不可尽信书
上所言，亦不可只为寻章 摘句，而应推
敲细思。


书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须
咀 嚼消化。换言之，有只需读其部分
者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全
读，读时须全神贯注，孜 孜不倦。书亦
可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题
材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，淡而无味。