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2013年12月大学英语四级仔细阅读习题

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2021-01-25 16:05
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2021年1月25日发(作者:哇啦)
2013

12
月大学英语四级仔细阅读习题(一)

Judging from recent surveys,most experts in sleep behavior agree that
there
is
virtually
an
epidemic
(
流行病)
of
sleepiness
in
the
nation.
“I
can't think of a single study that hasn't found Americans getting less
sleep than they ought
to,” says Dr. David. Even people who think they
are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest.


The
beginning
of
our
sleep- deficit
(
睡眠不足
)
crisis
can
betraced
to
the
invention
of
the
light
bulb
a
century
ago.
From
diary
entries
and
other
personal
accounts
from
the
18th
and
19th
centuries,
sleep
scientists
have
reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5
hours
anight.
“The
best
sleep
habits
once
were
forced
on
us,
when
we
had
nothing to do in the evening down on t
he farm, and it was dark.” By the
1950s and 1960s, that sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to
between
7.5
and
eight
hours,and
most
people
had
to
wake
to
an
alarm
clock.
“People cheat on their sleep,and they don't even realize they're doing
it,”
says Dr. David.
on
6.5hours,
when
they
really
need
7.5,
eight
or
even
more
to
feel
ideally
vigorous.


Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep,researchers say, is the
complexity of the day. Whenever pressures from work,family, friends and
community mount, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on
his
programme.
'In
our
society,
you're
considered
dynamic
if
you
say
you
only need 5.5 hours' sleep. If you've got to get 8.5 hours, people think
you lack drive and ambition.


To determine the consequences of sleep deficit,researchers have put
subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring
them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read
to
them
only
minutes
earlier.

found
that
if
you're
in
sleep
deficit,
performance suffers,
-term memory is weakened,
as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate.”



1.
People
in
the
18th
and
19th
centuries
used
to
sleep
about
9.5
hours
a night because they


had _______ .


A) no drive and ambition B) noelectric lighting


C) the best sleep habits D)nothing to do in the evening


2. According to Dr. David, Americans _______ .


A) are ideally vigorous even under the pressure of life


B) of ienneglect the consequences of sleep deficit


C) do not know how to relax themselves properly


D) can get by on 6.5 hours of sleep


3. Many Americans believe that _______ .


A) sleep is the first thing that can be sacrificed when one is busy


B)
they
need
more
sleep
to
cope
with
the
complexities
of
everyday
life


C) to sleep is something one can do at any time of the day


D) enough sleep promotes people's drive and ambition


4. The word “subjects” (Line 1, Para. 4) refers to______ .



A) the performance tests used in the study of sleep deficit


B) special branches of knowledge that are being studied


C) people whose behavior or reactions are being studied


D) the psychological consequences of sleep deficit


5.
It
can
be
concluded
from
the
passage
that
one
should
sleep
as
many
hours as is necessary to ______ .


A) improve one's memory dramatically


B) be considered dynamic by other people


C) maintain one's daily schedule


D) feel energetic and perform adequately
2013

12
月大学英语四级仔细阅读习题(二)

We
find
that
bright
children
are
rarely
held
back
by
mixed- ability
teaching.
Onthe
contrary,
both
their
knowledge
and
experience
are
enriched.
We
feel
thatthere
are
many
disadvantages
in
streaming(

......
按能力分班
) pupils. It doesnot take into account the fact that children
develop at different rates. It canhave a bad effect on both the bright
and the not-so-bright child. After all, itcan be quite discouraging to
be at the bottom of the top grade!


Besides, it is rather unreal tograde people just according to their
intellectual ability. This isonly one aspect of their totalpersonality.
We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to thefull,
not
just
their
academic
ability.
We
also
value
personal
qualities
andsocial
skills,
and
we
find
that
mixed-ability
teaching
contributes
to
all theseaspects of learning.


In our classrooms, we work invarious ways. The pupils often work in
groups:
this
gives
them
the
opportunityto
learn
to
co-operate,
to
share,
and
to
develop
leadership
skills.
They
alsolearn
how
to
cope
with
personal
problems as well as learning how to think, tomake decisions, to analyse
and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. Thepupils learn from each
other as well as from the teacher.


Sometimes
the
pupils
work
inpairs;
sometimes
they
work
on
individual
tasks and assignments,
and
they can
dothis at their own speed.
They also
have
some
formal
class
teaching
when
this
isappropriate.
We
encourage
our
pupils
to
use
the
library,
and
we
teach
them
theskills
they
need
in
order
to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can doadvanced work: it does
not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupilsto do their best,
not
their
least,
and
we
give
them
every
encouragement
toattain
this
goal.


1.
In
the
passage
the
author's
attitude
towards
teaching


A) critical B)questioning


C) approving D)objective


2. By


A) made to remain in the same classes


B) forced to study in the lower classes


C) drawn to their studies


D) prevented from advancing


3. The author argues that a teacher's chief concernshould be the
development of the


student's _______ .


A) personal qualities and social skills


B) total personality


C) learning ability and communicative skills


D) intellectual ability


4. Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in thethird paragraph?


A) Group work gives pupils the opportunity tolearn to work together
with others.


B) Pupils also learn to develop their reasoningabilities.


C) Group work provides pupils with theopportunity to learn to be
capable organizers.


D) Pupils also learn how to participate inteaching activities.


5. The author's purpose in writing this passage isto _______ .


A)
argue
for
teaching
bright
andnot-so-bright
pupils
in
the
same
class


B) recommend pair work and group work forclassroom activities


C) offer advice on the proper use of thelibrary


D) emphasize the importance of appropriateformal classroom teaching
2013

12
月大学英语四级仔细阅读习题(三)

What has thetelephone done to us, or for us, in the hundred years of its
existence? A feweffects suggest themselves at once. It has saved lives
by getting rapid word ofillness, injury, or fire from remote places. By
joining with the elevator tomake possible the multi-story residence or
office
building,
it
has
madepossible
for
better
or
worse
--
the
modem
city.
By
bringing
about
a
great
leapin
the
speed
and
ease
with
which
information
moves
from
place
to
place,
it
hasgreatly
accelerated
the
rate
of
scientific
and
technological
changes
and
growthin
industry.
Beyond
doubt
it
has
seriously
weakened
if
not
killed
the
ancientart
of
letter
writing.
It
has
made
living
alone
possible
for
persons
withnormal
social
impulses
(
冲动
) by so doing, it has played a role in one of thegreatest social
changes
of
this
century,
the
breakup
of
the
multi- generationalhousehold.
It has made the war chillingly more efficient than s,
though not provably, it has prevented wars that might have arisen outof
intemational
misunderstanding
caused
by
written
communication.
Or
perhaps―again
not
provably―by
magnifying
(


)
and
extendingirrational personal conflicts based on voice contact, it has

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