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雅思考试机经
2018
年
12
月
8
日雅思阅读考情回顾
一、考试时间：
2018
年
12
月
8
日 （周六）
二、考试概述：
第一篇
Australia
’
s
cane
toad < br>problems
，澳大利亚害虫问题。可参考剑八第四套第二篇
Biological Control of pests
和剑十第四套第三篇
When evolution runs backwards
。第二篇
New
filters
promise
water
to
millions
，滤水器的发明。可参考剑八第一套第一篇
A
chronicle
of
timekeeping
和剑十第一套第一篇< br>Stepwells
。第三篇
Who
should
look
after
babies
in
Britain
，男性和女性照顾孩子的异同。可参考剑六第四套第二篇
Do
literate
women make better mothers
和剑五第三套第一篇
Early Childhood Education
。
三、文章简介
第一篇
Australia
’
s cane toad problems
，澳大利亚害虫问题
第二篇
New filters promise water to millions
，滤水器的发明
第三篇
Who should look after babies in Britain
，男性和女性照顾孩子的异同
四、篇章分析：
Passage 1
文章内容
澳大利亚的某种害虫的幼虫啃食澳大利亚植 物的根，为了解决的这种问题，
澳大利亚从北美引入
cane
toad,
但事实证明
cane
toad
的引入却是一种失
败，并没有能够解 决问题反而霸占了越来越多的其他动物群
fanua
的栖息
地。
题
型
分
布
与
答案参考
填空题
7
，判断题
6
答案回忆待补充
相关拓展
The rapid spread of Australia's cane toad pests
They
are
toxic
invaders
that
have
conquered
swathes
of
northern
Australia
as
they
continue
their
seemingly
irrepressible
march
west
towards the Indian Ocean.
Packed with poison and supremely adaptable, the dreaded cane toad, or
Bufo marinus, has few friends in Australia, where a massive scientific and
雅思考试机经
community effort has failed to stop their advance.
of Western Australia,
University of Sydney.
Kimberley.
It
is
very
hard
to
get
detailed
information
on
exactly
where
the front is but it seems to be moving at 50 to 60km (31 to 37 miles) per
annum.
The
warty
amphibians
move
only
during
the
wet
season.
Although
tracking studies have shown many hop less than 10 metres a day, those at
the front line have grown bigger and faster.
guys
at
the
invasion
front
up
in
the
tropics
are
moving
often
kilometres in
a
single
night
and
they
have
evolved
this very
distinctive
behaviour,
actually
evolved
differences
in
shape
and
physiology
as
well.
Essentially they have turned into these dispersal machines and they move
as far as they can, as fast as they can.
on
how
many
of
these
unwelcome
pests
have
been
unleashed
across
Australia's
north.
They
are
prolific
breeders
-
some
estimates
put
the
figure at around 1.5 billion - but it is impossible to know for sure.
Australia has a long and depressing history of inadvertently introducing
wrecking ball species as pets and livestock, or for sport. Examples include
foxes,
pigs
and
rabbits,
goats,
camels
and
cats.
Invasive
plants
and
fish
have
also
had
a
dramatic
effect
on
native
flora
and
fauna,
but
it
is
the
cane toad that is widely reviled above all else.
How did they arrive?
For
Australia,
the
grim
story
began
in
the
sugar
cane
plantations
of
Puerto Rico, which had imported giant toads from South America to eat
the grubs that were devouring the crop.
雅思考试机经
Word
spread
of
the
successes
of
these
bug-catching
amphibians
and by
the 1930s, the cane toads were being sent around the world. In 1935, 101
toads
arrived
in
Far
North
Queensland
in
areas
including
Cairns
and
Innisfail,
before
being
bred
in
captivity.
Their
progeny
was
released
on
missions to hunt and kill cane-destroying beetles on Australia's north-east
coast.
Community
toad
“musters”
have
snared
countless
numbers
over
the
years.
In
2005
David
Tollner,
a
former
federal
MP,
famously
urged
Northern Territory residents to help squash the problem with their golf
clubs and cricket bats - effectively turning eradication into sport.
Then
there
was
the
so-called
defence
supported
by
the
RSPCA in Darwin, which recommended killing captured amphibians by
smearing them with haemorrhoid cream, which acted as an anaesthetic.
In 2009, toads crossed the Western Australian border with the Northern
Territory,
more
than
2,000km
from
the
site
of
their
original
release
74
years earlier.
It
was
a
dark
day
that
conservationists
had
both
dreaded
and
seen
coming.
The
invasion
penetrated
the
Kimberley
region,
an
area
three
times the size of England and regarded as a wilderness frontier.
the
Kimberley
has
lost
the
battle
to
the
cane
toad.
They
have
invaded
close
to
70%
of
the
Kimberley,
so
the
toads
are
well
and
truly
on
their
way to the northern coastal areas,
Kimberley Toadbusters, a group she set up in 2004.
to
dry,
desert
conditions.
They
are
adjusting
to
very
cold
climates
and
they are actually starting to breed in saline water.
Most recent discovery
On Wednesday, wildlife rangers revealed a cane toad was found beside a
雅思考试机经
road near Mount Kosciuszko in southern New South Wales. Authorities
suspect it was carried in by a tourist, and have not found other evidence
of the species there. Nonetheless, they are concerned.
environment
and
times
of
the
year
when
such
an
animal
could
persist
(survive),
Dave
Woods,
a
state
wildlife
officer,
told
the
Australian
Broadcasting
Corp.
He
said
toads
could
provide
a
fresh
threat
to
endangered species in the area, a national park.
The toads are devourers of insects and other small prey, but they are at
their
most destructive
when
they are
eaten by larger
predators,
such as
snakes,
goannas
and
freshwater
crocodiles.
A
large
gland
on
the
toad's
shoulder is loaded with deadly cardiac toxins.
In
an
unusual
move,
researchers
are
trying
to
train
predators
to
avoid
larger cane toads by feeding them smaller specimens, which make them
ill
but
should
not
kill
them.
These
so-called
taste-aversion
strategies
include feeding sausages made of minced amphibian to northern quolls, a
carnivorous marsupial. They eat the meat, which causes vomiting, in the
hope it will put them off eating toads again. A large-scale trial is due to
start
in
Western
Australia
soon.
Corrin
Everitt,
from
the
state's
Department
of
Parks
and
Wildlife,
told
the
BBC
that
while
the
project
could
ensure
fewer
large
predators
were
lost,
it
would
not
halt
the
invasion.
years to reach the Broome area,
when you take away all the ugliness about them. You just wish that our
native species could be as adaptable and successful in colonising areas as
they are.
Passage 2
：
文章内容
讲述
Mr. Flynn
偶然间发明的一种
water filter,
不仅便宜好用，
而且还讲述了
water
filter的制作过程。最后讲述
并不想将这个发明申请专利，
他认为大家都有权利使用他的 这个发明。
文章结构：
雅思考试机经
A
段：一项发明将清洁的水带进第三世界
B
段：简单介绍滤水器的原理
C
段：滤水器的制作过程
D
段：滤水器没有技术限制
E
段：利用便宜易得的牛粪材料的多孔性
F
段：商业陶瓷过滤器的价格超过很多发展中国家的预算
G
段：这款净水器能让发展中国家每个人都能喝上干净的水
题型分布与
答案参考
填空题
6
，判断题
4
，单选题
3
参考答案
Question 14-19
Complete the flow chart. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from
the Reading Passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 14-19
on your answer sheet.
Guide to Making Water Filters
Step one :
combination of 14.
clay
and organic material, with sufficient
15.
water
to create a thick mixture sun dried
Step two:
pack 16.
straw
around the cylinders
place them in 17.
cow manure
which is as burning fuel for
firing
(maximum temperature: 18.
950 degrees
) filter being baked in under
19.
60 minutes
Question 20-23
20 It takes half an hour for the manure to reach 950 degrees.
FALSE
21 Clay was initially found to be unsuitable for pot making.
TRUE
22 Coffee grounds are twice as effective as other materials.
NOT GIVEN
23 E-coli is the most difficult bacteria to combat.
NOT GIVEN
Question 24-26
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D
Write your answers in boxes 24-26 on your answer sheet.
24 When making the pot, the thickness of the wall
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