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Unit3 How do you get to school?
01
词汇讲解
1. subway
1
)
subway
在美式英语中意为
“
地铁
”
。更常用
“take the subway”
或者
“go by subway”
表
示
“
乘坐地铁
”
,而一般不用
“take a subway”
或者
“go by a/the subway”
。例如:
Let’s go by subway.
让我们乘地铁去吧。
You can take the subway to come to my house.
你可以坐地铁来我家。
2
)
subway
在英式英语中意 为
“
地下通道
”
。英式英语的
“
地铁
”
是
“the underground”
。例
如:
We travelled across London on the underground.
我们乘地铁穿过伦敦。
3
)
subway train
指
“
地铁列车
”
;
subway station
指
“
地铁站
”
。例如:
I’m on a subway train. I can’t hear y
ou clearly.
我在地铁上呢,听不清楚你说话。
It takes me 15munites to walk to the nearest subway station from my home.
从我家步行到最近的地铁站需要
15
分钟。
2. ride
1
)
ride
做名词时,意为
“
(乘 坐汽车等的)旅行;乘骑;(乘车或骑车的)短途旅程
”
等。常用于词组:
go for a ride
(去兜风)
give sb. a ride
(让
……
搭车)。例如:
Can you give me a ride to the market?
你能让我搭车去市场吗?
I’d like to go for a ride.
我想出去兜兜风。
How much is a ride?
乘一次多少钱?
2
)
ride
做动词,意为
“
乘车,乘坐,搭乘
”
。例如:
He often rides his bike to school.
他经常骑自行车去学校。
My little sister can ride a horse. She’s very brav
e.
我妹妹会骑马;她非常勇敢。
3. run
1
)
run
作动词时,有
“
跑,奔跑
”
的意思,还有
“
移动,流动
”
的意思。例如:
He runs very fast.
他跑的很快。
The rivers run into the sea.
河流流入大海。
Your nose is running, have you got a cold?
你在流鼻涕,你感冒了吗?
2
)
run
作名词时,意为
“
跑;奔;路程;短期旅行
”
等。例如:
It is an hour’s
run by train from here to London.
从此地到伦敦搭火车有一小时的行程。
Let's go for a run across the fields.
咱们去跑步,跑过那片田野吧。
拓展:
run
作动词时常见的用法还有很多:
1
)行驶;开
例如:
Some of these old cars are still running.
有些这样的老车仍在行驶。
Let me run the machine.
让我来开动这台机器。
2
)运转;进行;延伸
例如:
The machines run day and night.
机器日夜不停地转动。
The road runs north.
这条路伸向北方。
3
)追赶
例如:
The hunter is running a fox.
猎人正在追狐狸。
The dog likes running the chickens.
那只狗喜欢追小鸡。
4
)管理;经营;指挥
例如:
My father runs a camera store.
我父亲经营一家照相器材商店。
Who runs the business?
谁管事?
4. think of
1
)
think of
意为< br>“
认为,想起,考虑
”
等。后跟名词、代词、动名词等形式。例如:
What are you thinking of ?
你在想什么?
She will smile when she thinks of her good friends.
当她想起她的好朋友时她就会微笑。
2
)
think of
当
“
考虑
,
对
……
有某种看法
”
讲时可以和
think about
互换。例如
:
Don’t think of
(
about
)
me any more
.不要再考虑我。
They’re thinking about
(
of
)
buying a new car
.
他们正在考虑买一辆新车。
常见的
think
构成的词组还有
think over
,意为
“
仔细考虑
”
。例如:
Think over
,
and you’ll find a way
.仔细考虑一下,你就会有办法的。
5. come true
come true
意为
“
实现,应验,成为现实”
等,常用来表示梦想、愿望等的实现,是一个
常用词组。例如:
Your dream will come true.
你的梦想会成真的。
His words really come true.
他的话真的应验了。
拓展:
realize
和
come true
都有
“
实现
(
理想/愿望等
)”
之意,
但两者用 法不同。
realize
是及物
动词,常用于
sb. realize sth.
这种结构
,
句子的主语是人。
come true
是 不及物动词词
组,句子的主语通常是
“
理想、愿望
”
等词。例如:< br>
The Chinese people are working hard to realize the modernizations.
中国人民正
在为实现现代化而努力工作。
His dream of becoming a teacher came true.
他当教师的理想实现了。
6. no
no
有
“
不,毫不
,
根本不
”
等意思,常见的用法有:
1
)
no
用于引导否定的答语,意为
“
不
”
。例如
:
—
Do you like the cat?
你喜欢猫吗
?
—No, I don’t.
不,我不喜欢。
—
Can you play the guitar?
你会弹吉他吗
?
—No, I can’t.
不,我不会。
2
)
no
置于可数名词单数前面时,相当于
not a;
放在可数名词复数前面或不可数名词
前时,相当于
not any
;意为
“
完全不,根本不
”
。例如
:
There are no (=not any) computers in that small village.
那个小山村里(根本)没有
电脑。
Kate is no teacher.(=Kate is not a teacher.)
凯特(根本)不是教师。
注意:
no
也可以修饰形容词比较等级, 表示
“
完全不,根本不
”
的意思。例如:
I'm feeling no better than yesterday.
我一点儿也不觉得比昨天好。
7. like
1
)
like
作动词,意为
“
喜欢,想要
”,反义词是
dislike
或
hate
。后面可以跟名词,动词
不定式或者动名词等。例如:
I’d like some
noodles.
我想吃些面条。
My father likes watching TV after supper.
我爸爸喜欢在晚饭后看电视。
She likes flowers very much.
她很喜欢花。
注意:
like
后跟
to do
时,表示
“
某一 次的喜好或者倾向
”
;后跟
doing
时,表示一贯的
习惯或者爱好 。例如:
She likes doing her homework after supper, but today she likes to watch TV.
她晚饭后一般喜欢做作业,但是今天她想看电视。
2
)
like
作介词,意为
“
如同,像
”
,反义词是
unlike
。用于
“be like +
名词或代词
”
时,意
为
“
像
……”
;构成
“look lik e”
时,意为
“
看起来与
……
相像
”
。例如:
The baby is like his mother.
这个小婴儿长得像他妈妈。
He looks like a teacher.
他看上去像个老师。
8. cross
1
)
cross
作动词,
意为
“
横过,越过
”
,指从表面上横过。例如:
They cross the river every day.
他们每天都要过河。
Cross the road, you will see the store.
过了马路,你就会看到那个商店。
2
)
cross
作名 词,意为
“
十字架,十字形饰物;画十字的动作
”
。例如:
Jesus died on
the cross.
耶稣死在十字架上。
He made a cross over his head.
他在他头上画了一个十字。
拓展:
across
和
cross
的区别
这两个词都是
“
横越
,
横跨,
横穿
”
的 意思,
但是
cross
是动词可以单独作谓语;
但是
across< br>是介词,需要和动词一起构成谓语。例如:
They cross the street to go to school every day.
他们每天横过马路去上学。
They walk across the street to go to school every day.
他们每天步行横过马路去上学。
9. stop
1
)
stop
作动词,意为
“
停止,中断,阻止,阻拦< br>”
等意。既可以做及物动词,也可以做
不及物动词。例如:
The car stopped.
车停了。
The guard stopped me at the gate.
卫兵在大门口将我拦住。
2
)
stop
作名词,意为
“
停止
;
逗留,车站
”
等。例如:
I will wait for you at the bus stop.
我会在公共汽车站等你。
He slowed the car almost to a stop.
他放慢车速,车几乎停住了。
10. dream
1
)
dream
作动词,意为
“
做梦,梦见,渴望,向往
”
等意,既可以做及物动词,也可以
做不及物动词。意为
“
做
……
梦
“
时,后跟同源名词
dream
做宾语;意为
“< br>梦见
”
时,常和
about
连用;意为
“
渴望、向往 、考虑
”
等时常和
of
连用。例如:
She dreams a good dream every night.
她每晚都做美梦。
I sometimes dream about my good friends.
我时常梦见我的好朋友。
I dream of becoming a teacher.
我渴望成为一名教师。
2
)
dream
作名词,意为
“
梦,愿望,心愿
”
等。例如:
It's my dream to win a Nobel Prize.
我的理想是获得诺贝尔奖。
Your dream has come true.
你的愿望变成了现实。
11. 11-year- old
11-year-old,
是一个复合形容词。复合形容词的构成方法有很 多,
“
基数词
+
名词(不用
复数),中间用连字符隔开,就构成复合 形容词的一种,表示时间、度量等。可以在句
子中充当定语修饰名词。例如:
a 10- year-old boy
一个
10
岁的男孩儿
a two-day conference
为期两天的会议
a 3-hour journey
一次
3
小时的旅程
a three- mile walk
一段三英里的步行
a two-hour exam.
一次两小时的考试
12. hundred
hundred
是数词,意为
“
百
”
,当表示具体 的
“
几百
”
时,用
“
基数词
+ hundred”
,注意不
加
-s
。例如:
There are nine hundred students in our school.
我们学校有
900
名学生。
拓展
:
1
)
hundreds of
表示
“
数百,成百上千的< br>”
这时
hundred
后要加
-s
,且后面有介词
o f
,但
是不能与数词连用。例如:
There are hundreds of people in the restaurant.
在餐馆里有成百上千的人。
2
)
表示数词的还有
thou sand“
千
”
,
million“
百万
”
,billion“
十亿
”
。它们的用法和
hundred
一样, 可以用来表示约数和确数。例如:
There are thousands of people are waiting to see the movie star.
数千人在等着见那个电影明星。
练一练:
Ⅰ
.
根据首字母提示填空。
1. He r______ bike to school every day.
2. My home is about 5 k_______ from school.
3. It takes about twenty m_______ to walk to school.
4. The students in a poor village go on a r_______ to cross the river to school.
5. I wait for a bus at the bus s_______ every morning.
6. We should t_______ of others first.
7. There is a very big river b_______ their school and the village.
8. I go home by s_______ on weekdays.
9. One h________ is the number 100.
10. There is no bridge and the river r_______ too quickly for boats.
Ⅱ
.
用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. About five ________(hundred) students in our school go to school by bike.
2. How does your father ________(go) to work every day?
3. The hamburger is not _________(health) food.
4. Many of the ________ (student) never leave the village.
5. How do you________(get) to school ?
6. My mother _________ (go) to work by bus every day.
7. There are_________(hundred) of people in the cinema.
8. He says his bike is broken, so he ________ (have) to go to school by bus.
9. It often ________ (take) her 3 hours to play sports.
10. I love my teacher. He is ________ (like) a father to me.
Ⅲ
.
选词填空。
1. There is _______ ( no, not) bridge on the river.
2. I can swim _______ (cross, across) the river.
3. she is a_______ (9-year-old, 9-years-old) girl.
4. She is _______ (dislike, unlike) her mother. She is tall, but her mother is short.
5. She never ______ (thinks over, thinks of) before she does something.
6. My dream can ______ ( come true, realize), because I work very hard.
7. He is ______ (a, an) 18-year-old boy.
8. Do you go by bus _______ (and, or) by bike?
9. Do you usually _______ (take a subway, take the subway) to go to school?
10. _______ (For, To) many students, it is easy to get to school.
参考答案
Ⅰ
.
根据首字母提示填空。
1. rides
2. kilometers
3. minutes
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