新视野大学英语第三版第二册课后翻译答案及原文

2021年1月25日发(作者：lucidity)
新视野大学英语（第三版）第二册课后翻译答案及原文

Unit 1
原文：
English
is
known
as
a
worl
d
language,
regularly
used
by
many
nations
whose
English
is
not
their
first
language.
Like
other
languages,
English
has
changed
greatly.
The
history
of
the
English
language
can
be
divid
ed
into
three
main
periods:
Ol
d
English,
Mid
dl
e
English
and
Mod
ern
English.
The
English
language started with the invasion of Britain by three Germanic tribes during the
5th
century
AD,
and
they
contributed
greatly
to
the
formation
of
the
English
language. During the medieval and early mod
ern periods, the influence of English
spread throughout the British Isl
es, and from the early 17th century its influence
began to be felt throughout the worl
d. The processes of European expl
oration and
col
onization
for
several
centuries
l
ed
to
significant
change
in
English.
Today,
American
English
is
particularly
influential,
due
to
the
popularity
of
American
cinema, television, music, trad
e and technol
ogy, including the Internet.
翻译：
人们普遍认为英语是一种世界语言 ，
经常被许多不以英语为第一语言的国
家使用。
与其他语言一样，
英语也发生 了很大的变化。
英语的历史可以分为三个
主要阶段：古英语，中古英语和现代英语。
英 语起源于公元
5
世纪，当时三个日
耳曼部落入侵英国，
他们对英语语言的形成 起了很大的作用。
在中世纪和现代社
会初期，英语的影响遍及不列颠群岛。从
17世纪初，它的影响力开始在世界各
地显现。
欧洲几百年的探险和殖民过程导致了英语的重大 变化。
今天，
由于美国
电影、电视、音乐、贸易和技术、包括互联网的大受欢迎，美国 英语的影响力尤
其显著。



原文：中国书法（
call igraphy
）是一门独特的艺术，是世界上独一无二的艺术瑰
宝。中国书法艺术的形成、发 展与汉文字的产生与演进存在着密不可分的关系。
汉字在漫长的演变发展过程中，
一方面起着交 流思想、
继承文化的重要作用，
另
一方面它本身又形成了一种独特的艺术。
书 法能够通过作品把书法家个人的生活
感受、学识、修养、个性等折射出来，所以，通常有

字如其人

的说法。中国书
法不仅是中华民族的文化瑰宝，而且在世界文化艺术宝库中 独放异彩。

翻译：
Chinese calligraphy is a unique art and the unique art treasure in the worl
d.
The formation and d
evelopment of the Chinese calligraphy is closely related to the
emergence and evolution of Chinese characters. In this l
ong evolutionary process,
Chinese
characters
have
not
only
played
an
important
rol
e
in
exchanging
id
eas
and
transmitting
culture
but
also
d
eveloped
into
a
unique
art
form.
Calligraphic
works
well
refl
ect
calligraphers'
personal
feelings,
knowl
edge,
self-cultivation,
personality,
and
so
forth,
thus
there
is
an
expression
that

the
calligrapher's
handwriting is
like
seeing the person
of the
treasures
of
Chinese
culture,
Chinese
calligraphy
shines
spl
endidly
in
the
world's
treasure
house of culture and art.


Unit 2

原文：
A
MOOC
(massive
open
online
course)
is
an
online
course
aimed
at
unlimited
participation
and
open
access
via
the
web.
MOOCs
are
a
recent
d
evel
opment
in
distance
education
and
have
now
become
a
surging
trend
in
higher education. These classes are aimed at expanding a university's reach from
thousands
of
tuition-paying
stud
ents
who
live
in
town,
to
millions
of
stud
ents
around
the
world.
In
ad
dition
to
traditional
course
materials,
MOOCs
provid
e
interactive user forums to support interactions between stud
ents and professors.
MOOCs can encourage communication among participants who bring a variety of
viewpoints, knowl
edge, and skills to the course; inspire peopl
e to
that
they
woul
dn't
otherwise
pursue
or
even
try
on
education
itself;
provid
e
multipl
e ways to engage with course material, encouraging multimodal (
多模式的
)
l
earning
that
can
ad
dress
the
needs
of
l
earners
with
a
variety
of
l
earning
styl
es;
and inspire better teaching and use of technol
ogies for face-to-face courses.
翻译：
慕课是一种网络课程，
它旨在通过网络实现广泛参与和开放 接入。
慕课是
远程教育迈出的最新一步，现已在高等教育领域迅速引领潮流。通过这些课程，< br>大学可以扩大影响的范围，
从影响成千上万住在城里付学费的学生，
扩展到惠及
全球上百万的学生。除了拥有传统的课程资料，慕课还给使用者提供互动论坛，
支持学生和讲师之间的交 流。慕课能够促进参与者之间的交流，使得多种观点、
知识和技能涌现到课堂上来；
它鼓励人们 尝试之前不可能尝试的课程，
甚至是尝
试新的教育方式；
它提供多种学习课程资料的方 式，
鼓励多模式学习，
以各种学
习风格满足学习者的需求；
另外，
慕 课促进教学的改善，
使技术在面对面授课中
得以更好地应用。


原 文：
近年来，
随着互联网技术的发展，
我国的数字化教育资源建设取得了巨大
的成就。
很多高校建立了自己的数字化学习平台，
数字化教学在教育中发挥着越
来越大 的作用。和传统教学方式相比，数字化教学方式有很大的优势。一方面，
数字化教学使教学资源得以全球 共享；
另一方面，
它拓展了学习者的学习时间和
空间，
人们可以随时随地通过 互联网进入数字化的虚拟学校学习。
这使得人类从
接受一次性教育走向终身学习成为可能。
翻
译
：
In
recent
years,
with
the
d
evelopment
of
Internet
technol
ogy,
the
construction
of
digital
education
resources
of
our
country
has
mad
e
great
achievements. Many universities have set up their own digital l
earning platforms,
and
digital
teaching
is
playing
an
increasingly
important
rol
e
in
education.
Compared
with
the
traditional
way
of
teaching,
the
digital
way
has
a
l
ot
of
advantages.
On
one
hand,
digital
teaching
makes
gl
obal
sharing
of
teaching
resources
possibl
e;
on
the
other
hand,
it
expands
the
l
earner's
study
time
and
space to l
earn, allowing peopl
e to get access to the digital virtual schools through
the Internet anytime and anywhere. These advantages make it possibl
e for peopl
e
to shift from one-time learning to lifelong l
earning.


Unit 3

原文：
As an important part of the American culture value system,
is
admired
by
most
American
peopl
e.
Americans
view
the
family
as
a
group
whose
primary
purpose
is
to
advance
the
happiness
of
individual
members.
In
contrast
to
many
other
cultures,
the
primary
responsibility
of
the
American
family
member
is
not
to
advance
the
family
as
a
group,
either
socially
or
economically. What woul
d be best for the family is not usually consid
ered to be as
important
as
what
woul
d
be
best
for
the
individual.
With
freed
om
comes
the
responsibility to care for oneself, for it is the freed
om of choice that carries with it
the
responsibility:
to
accept
the
consequences
of
the
choices.
Many
Americans
give their children a lot of freed
om because they want them to be ind
epend
ent and
self- reliant. Al
ong with the American emphasis on individual freed
om, the belief
in equality between parents and children also has had a strong effect on the family.
翻译：作为美国文化价值体系的一个重要组成部分，< br>
个人主义

受到大多数美国
人的推崇。
美国人认为家庭作为一个 群体，
其主要目的是促进家庭各成员的幸福。
与许多其他文化相比，
美国家庭成员的主 要职责，
不是在社会上或经济上提高整
个家庭的地位。
人们通常认为，
什么是 对个人最好的要比什么是对家庭最好的更
为重要。与自由相伴而来的是照顾自己的责任，因为所选择的自 由承载了责任，
即必须接受自己的选择所带来的后果。
许多美国人给他们的孩子很多的自由，< br>因
为他们希望孩子们能够独立和自力更生。
在美国人强调个人自由的同时，
父母 与
孩子间平等的信念也对美国家庭产生了巨大的影响。


原文：孝道（
filial piety
）是中国古代社会的基本道德规范（
cod
e of ethics
）
。中
国人把孝视为人格之本、
家庭和睦之本、
国家安康之本。
由 于孝道是儒家伦理思
想的核心，
它成了中国社会千百年来维系家庭关系的道德准则。
它 毫无疑问是中
华民族的一种传统美德。孝道文化是一个复合概念，内容丰富，涉及面广。它既
有 文化理念，又有制度礼仪（
institutional etiquette
）
。一 般来说，它指社会要求
子女对父母应尽的义务，包括尊敬、关爱、赡养老人等等。孝道是古老的

东方
文明

之根本。

翻译：
Filial piety is
the
basic cod
e
of ethics in
ancient
Chinese
society. Chinese
peopl
e consid
er filial piety as the essence of a person's integrity, family harmony,
and the nation's well-being. With filial piety being the core of Confucian ethics, it
has
been
the
moral
standard
for
the
Chinese
society
to
maintain
the
family
relationship for thousands of years. It's und
oubtedly a traditional Chinese virtue.
The culture of filial piety is a compl
ex concept, rich in content and wid
e in range.
It
includ
es
not
only
cultural
id
eas
but
also
institutional
etiquettes.
Generally
speaking,
it
refers
to
the
obligation
of
children
to
their
parents
required
by
the
society, including respect, care, support for the eld
erly and so forth. Filial piety is
fundamental to the ancient

Unit 4
原文：
Valentine's
Day
on
February
14
is
cel
ebrated
in
various
American
and
European
countries.
It
is
a
holiday
of
l
ove
and
romance
usually
by
exchanging
valentines or l
ove tokens between l
overs. There are different origins regarding the
festival. One l
egend goes that the Romans put a priest named Saint Val
entine into
prison for refusing to believe in the Roman gods. On February 14, Valentine was
put to d
eath not only because he was Christian, but also because he had cured the
jail
er's daughter of blindness. The
night before he was
executed he wrote
her a
farewell l
etter signed
entine
for
peopl
e
to
show
affection
for
their
l
oved
ones.
Today,
people
cel
ebrate
Valentine's
Day
in
different
ways,
sending
greeting
cards
and
fl
owers,
giving
chocolate
or
other
gifts,
or
joining
in
romantic
dinners.
The
holiday
has
now
become
popular
all
over
the
worl
d.
In
China
the
festival
is
also
becoming
increasingly popular with young people.
翻译 ：美洲和欧洲各国都会庆祝
2
月
14
日的情人节。这是一个充满爱情和浪漫< br>的节日，
恋人之间通常都会交换情人卡和爱情信物。
关于这个节日的起源有着不
同的说法。
一个传说是罗马人把一个叫圣瓦伦丁的神父关进了监狱，
因为他拒绝
相信罗 马神。
2
月
14
日那天，瓦伦丁被处死，不仅因为他是基督徒，而且因为他曾治愈了一位监狱看守双目失明的女儿。
他在被处死的前一天晚上给她写了一
封署名“你 的瓦伦丁”的告别信。后来，
2
月
14
日就成了一个人们可以为他们
的情人展示感情的节日。现在，人们以不同的方式庆祝情人节，他们发送贺卡、
鲜花，
赠送巧克 力或其他礼品，
或共进浪漫的晚餐。
现在这个节日已流行世界各
地。在中国，这个节日 也正越来越受年轻人的欢迎。


原文：农历七月初七是中国的七夕节

(Qixi
Festival)
，是中国传统节日中最具浪
漫色彩的一个节 日。
一些大的商家每年都举办不同的活动，
年轻人也送礼物给他
们的情人。因此，七夕 节被认为是中国的“情人节”
(Valentine's
Day)
。七夕节
来自牛郎与织女
（
Cowherd and Weaving Maid
）
的传说。
相传，
每年的这个夜晚，
天上 的织女都会与牛郎相会。
所以，
在七夕的夜晚，
人们可以看到牛郎织女在银
河

（
the Milky Way
）相会。姑娘们也会在这一天晚上向天上的 织女乞求智慧，
以获得美满姻缘。
但随着时代的变迁，
这些活动正在消失，
唯 有标志着忠贞爱情
的牛郎织女的传说一直流传民间。

翻译：
July 7th on the Chinese calendar is Chinese Qixi Festival, the most romantic
of all the traditional Chinese holidays. Every year, some
big businesses organize
various activities, and young peopl
e send gifts to their l
overs. As a result, the Qixi
Festival is consid
ered to be Chinese
entine's Day
erived
from
the
l
egend
of
Cowherd
and
Weaving
Maid.
The
l
egend
holds
that
on
this
particular night every year the Weaving Maid in heaven meets with Cowherd. So,
peopl
e can see Cowherd and Weaving Maid meeting in the Milky Way on the night
of Qixi. On this night, girls would also beg Weaving Maid for some wisd
om for a
happy marriage. But, with the changing of times, these activities are diminishing.
All that remains is the l
egend of Cowherd and Weaving Maid, a sign of faithful l
ove,
continuously circulated among the folk.