CET4备考四级阅读真题完全解析(1)

2021年1月25日发(作者：thief怎么读)


Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.





Interest in pursuing international careers has soared in recent years, enhanced by chronic (
长
久的
)
personnel
shortages
that
are
causing
companies
to
search
beyond
their
home
borders
for
talent.





Professionals seek career experience outside of their home countries for a variety of reasons.
They may feel the need to recharge their batteries with a new challenge. They may want a position
with
more
responsibility
that
encourages
creativity
and
initiative.
Or
they
may
wish
to
expose
their children to another culture, and the opportunity to learn a second language.





When applying for a job, one usually has to submit a resume or curriculum vitae (CV). The
two
terms
generally
mean
the
same
thing:
a
one-or
two-page
document
describing
one's
educational
qualifications
and
professional
experience.
However,
guidelines
for
preparing
a
resume are constantly changing. The best advice is to find out what isappropriate regarding the
corporate
(
公司
)
culture,
the
country
culture,
and
the
culture
of
the
person
making
the
hiring
decision. The challenge will be to embrace two or more cultures in one document. The following
list is a good place to start.

●


requirements
differ
from
country
to
country.
In
almost
every
case
of
'cross-border' job hunting, just stating the title of your degree will not bean adequatedescription.
Provide the reader with details about your studies and any related experience.

●
Pay
attention
to
the
resume
format
you
use- chronological
or
reverse-chronological
order.
Chronological order means listing your 'oldest' work experience first. Reverse- chronological order
means listing your current or most recent experience first. Most countries have preferences about
which format is most acceptable. If you find no specific guidelines, the general preference is for
the reverse- chronological format.

●
If
you
are
submitting
your
resume
in
English,
find
out
if
the
recipient
(
收件人
)
uses
British
English or American English because there are variations between the twoversions. For example,
university
education
is
often
referred
to
as
'tertiary
education'
in
the
United
Kingdom,
but
this
term is almost never used in the United States. A reader who is unfamiliar with these variations
may assume that your resume contains errors.

21. Companies are hiring more foreign employees because ________.

A) they find foreign employees are usually more talented

B) they need original ideas from employees hired overseas

C) they want to expand their business beyond home borders

1

D) they have difficulty finding qualified personnel at home

22. The author believes that an individual who applies to work overseas ________.

A) is usually creative and full of initiative

B) aims to improve his foreign language skills

C) is dissatisfied with his own life at home

D) seeks either his own or his children's development

23. When it comes to resume writing, it is best to ________.

A) take cultural factors into consideration

B) learn about the company's hiring process

C) follow appropriate guidelines for job hunting

D) know the employer's personal likes and dislikes

24. When writing about qualifications, applicants are advised to ________.

A) stress their academic potential to impress the decision maker

B) give the title of the university degree they have earned at home

C) provide a detailed description of their study and work experiences

D) highlight their keen interest in pursuing a

25. According to the author's last piece of advice, the applicants should be aware of ________.

A) the different educational systems in the US and the UK

B) the differences between the varieties of English

C) the recipient's preference with regard to the format

D) the distinctive features of American and British cultures



2
文章分析】



这篇文章结构清晰，每段的主旨思想十分明确。


第一段主要讲述公司为何要跨国寻求人才，因为国内的人才匮乏。


第二段 主要讲述个人为何要跨国求职，
原因是多种多样的，
包括为自己充电，
为自己寻求需< br>要承担更多责任的职位，让孩子接触不同的文化，自己学习一门外语等等。


第三段主要讲述求职者如何写简历，着重指出要关注文化因素，包括公司文化，国家文化，
个人在做决策 和雇佣的决定时所涉及的文化等等。


第三段又展开分成三个小点来阐述。
第一点讲的是教育背景和资质方面，
要求不能泛泛地写
个学位或职位名称，要有具体的描述。< br>

第二点讲的是简历的格式，一般有顺时和逆时两种，多数用的是逆时写法。


第三点讲的是简历中要注意英语的变体，
要知道收件人用的是用英式英语还是美式英 语，
或
者其他的英语变体。


【重点词汇】


: (vi.)
剧增，上升，
The number of the people who traveled by air soared to millions.

: (vt.)
呈递，
I have submitted the motion to the House of Commons.

(vi.)
服从，屈从，
I will submit to nobody.

e:
(vt.)
包含，
An
encyclopedia
embraces
a
great
number
of
subjects.


(vt.)
拥抱，
He
embraced his daughter tenderly.

from:
区别于，
That arrangement differs from the one I had in mind.

有分歧，
I differ
from her on this question

【试题解析】


21.
D
分析：文章第一段中原文“
enhanced
by
chronic
(
长久的
)
personnel
shortages
that
are
causing companies to search beyond their home borders for talent
”
，
即长期的人才匮乏使得公司
去海外寻找人才。


22.D
分析：本题可以用排除法来做。文章第二段中第一句话“
Professionals
seek
career
experience outside of their home countries for a variety of reasons.
”
（个人寻找去海外工作的机
会的原因多种多样）
，然后整个第二段列举了这些可能的 原因，其中就包括了选项中的
A
（
encourages creativity and initiative
）
、
B
（
opportunity to learn a second language
）
，
C
（
want a
position with more responsibility
）这三个选项是并列选项，肯定不能同时选，所以排除掉。

3
排除了
A
、
B
、
C
之后，
再 来看
D
选项，
D
选项意为求职者为了寻求自己或孩子的发展机遇，
符 合题意，
A
、
B
、
C
项都是为了自己的发展，
第二 段
“
expose their children to another culture
”
这句话则是为了孩子的发展，所以两方面都有涉及，因此是正确答案。


23.A
分析：原文第三段提到“
The
best
advice
is
to
find
out
what
is
appropriate
regarding
thecorporate (
公司
) culture, the country culture, and the culture of the person making the hiring
decision. The challenge will be to embrace two or more cultures in one document.
”
即最好的
（写
简历的）办法是适应各种文化，
包括公司文化，国家文化，以及 个人在做决策和雇佣的决定
时所涉及的文化因素。
而且还进一步说明，
这种适应各种文 化因素的挑战性在于要把两种或
多种文化结合在一份简历里。
由此，
可以得出，
这段想要强调的内容就是写简历要把文化因
素考虑进去，即
A
选项。


24.C
分析：原文中提到要“
Provide the reader with details about your studies and any related experience.
”即提供有关个人学习和相关经验的具体情况，与答案
C
相符。


25.B
分析：原文最后一段提到“
find
out
if
therecipient
(
收件人
)
uses
British
English
or
American English because there are variations between the two versions.
”即要搞清楚收件人是
使用英式英语还 是美式英语，因为英语有不同的变体。












Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.





Educating
girls
quite
possibly
yields
a
higher
rate
of
return
than
any
other
investmentavailable in the developing world.





Women's
education
may
be
unusual
territory
for
economists,
but
enhancing
women's
contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social issue. And economics,
with its emphasis onincentives (
激励
), provides guideposts that point to an explanation for why so
many girls are deprived of an education.





Parents in low-income countries fail to invest in their daughters because they do not expect
them to make an economic contribution to the family: girls grow up only to marry into somebody
else's family and bear children. Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and art kept at home
to do housework while their brothers are sent to school-theprophecy (
预言
) becomes self- fulfilling,
trapping women in a viciouscircle (
恶性循环
) of neglect.

4





An educated
mother,
on
the
other
hand,
has
greater
earning
abilities
outside
the
home
and
faces an entirely different set of choices. She is likely to have fewer but healthier children and can
insist on the development of all her children, ensuring that her daughters are given a fair chance.
The education of her daughters then makes it much more likely that the next generation of girls, as
well as of boys, will be educated and healthy. The vicious circle is thus transformed into a virtuous
circle.





Few
will
dispute
that
educating
women
has
great
social
benefits.
But
it
has
enormouseconomic advantages as well.





Most obviously, there is the direct effect of education on the wages of female workers. Wages
rise by 10 to 20 per cent for each additional year of schooling. Such big returns are impressive by
the standard of other available investments, but they are just the beginning. Educating women also
has a significant impact on health practices, including family planning.

26. The author argues that educating girls in developing countries is ________.

A) troublesome

B) labor-saving

C) rewarding

D) expensive

27. By saying
that ________.

A) girls will turn out to be less valuable than boys

B) girls will be capable of realizing their own dreams

C) girls will eventually find their goals in life beyond reach

D) girls will be increasingly discontented with their life at home

28. The author believes that a vicious circle can turn into a virtuous circle when ________.

A) women care more about education

B) girls can gain equal access to education

C) a family has fewer but healthier children

5