中考英语--中考英语八种时态全面解析

2021年1月25日发(作者：搭档)

中考英语
--
中考英语八种时态全面解析

1
一般现在时


概念：
经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

时间状语：
always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year,
month…),
once a week,
on Sundays, etc.


基本结构
：
①be
动词；
②
行为动词


否定形式：
①am/is/are+not;②
此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在 其前加
don't,
如
主语为第三人称单数，则用
doesn't
， 同时还原行为动词。


一般疑问句：
①
把
be
动 词放于句首；
②
用助动词
do
提问，如主语为第三人称单数，
则用< br>does
，同时，还原行为动词。


2

一般过去时


概念：
过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。


时间状语：
ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night,
month…),
in
1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.


基本结构：
①be
动词；
②
行为动词


否定形式：
①was/were+not;②
在行为动词前加
didn't
， 同时还原行为动词。


一般疑问句：
①was
或
were
放于句首；
②
用助动词
do
的过去式
did
提问，同时还原
行为动词。


3

现在进行时


概念：
表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。




时间状语：
now, at this time, these days, etc.


基本结构：
am/is/are+doing


否定形式：
am/is/are+not+doing.


一般疑问句：
把
be
动词放于句首。


4

过去进行时


概念：
表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。


时间状语：
at this time yesterday, at that time
或以
when
引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的
时间状语等。


基本结构：
was/were+doing


否定形式：
was/were + not + doing.


一般疑问句：
把
was
或
were
放于句首。


5

现在完成时


概念：
过去发生或 已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续
到现在的动作或状态。


时间状语：
recently, lately,
since…for…,in
the past few years, etc.


基本结构：
have/has + done


否定形式：
have/has + not +d one.


一般疑问句：
have
或
has
。




6

过去完成时


概念：
以过去某个 时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成
的行为，即
“
过去 的过去
”
。


时间状语：
before, by the end of last year(term,
month…),etc.


基本结构：
had + done.


否定形式：
had + not + done.


一般疑问句：
had
放于句首。


7

一般将来时


概念：
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。


时间状语：
tomorrow, next day(week, month,
year…),soon,
in a few minutes,
by…,the
day
after tomorrow, etc.


基本结构：
①am/is/are/going
to + do
；
②will/shall
+ do.


否定形式：
①was/were
+ not;
②
在行为动词前加
didn't
，同时还原行为动词。


一般疑问句：
①be
放于句首；
②will/shall
提到句首。


8

过去将来时

概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。

时间状语：

the next day(morning,
year…),the
following
month(week…),etc.

基本结构：
①was/were/going
to + do
；
②would/should
+ do.

否定形式：
①was/were/not
+ going to +
do;②would/should
+ not + do.



一般疑问句：
①was
或
were
放于句首；
②would /should

提到句首。




一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷

1
．
阅读理解




Saying no starts small



—
just one more piece...
the delicious cheesecake. Of course, many of us know we may eat the whole thing in the end.


It isn't just girls. Most of us find it hard to say
now say that willpower is very important to success and a happy life.


Scientists in different countries have been studying the effects of willpower on people's lives
for a long time. The results are similar, according to an article on February 7 in the Guardian, a
famous British newspaper.


In one experiment, scientists told young children that they could either have a marshmallow
(
圆形软糖
) now, or two marshmallows in 15 minutes. Waiting obviously needed more willpower.
Scientists
then
continued
studying
the
children
as
they
grew
up.
They
wanted
to
see
if
some
children always had stronger willpower. They also wanted to see how having stronger willpower
affected their lives.


Years later, scientists found that the children who had waited for two marshmallows were all
healthier, happier and richer adults. Oppositely, the children who had shown weaker willpower at
that
young
age
were
more
likely
to
be
in
low- paid
jobs,
to
be
overweight,
to
have
social
problems.


But there is hope, Roy F Baumeister, an American social psychology(
心理学
) professor (
教授
)
told the Guardian. Baumeister says we can train our willpower just like we train our muscles
（肌
肉）
. Even a little practice can strengthen
（加强）

our overall self-control if we do it regularly.


You could start by making yourself stand up straight, speaking in complete sentences, or using
a
computer
mouse
with
the
other
hand.
Scientists
have
found
that
people
who
manage
to
change little habits often perform much better in laboratory willpower tests.


Like muscles, willpower can
when you don't have enough energy, for example when you are ill. If you already feel tired, you
can try to recharge(
恢复
) your willpower with a good night's sleep and by eating well.

（
1
）
The example of a girl eating cheesecake is used to






A. prove that girls have weak willpower

B. introduce the topic of willpower to the readers

C. show that cheesecake is especially attractive to girls

D. show the connection between willpower and success

（
2
）
What can we infer from the experiment?



A. The scientists had already known the results before the experiment.

B. It showed that willpower is the most important to success and a happy life.

C. The children who chose to wait were more likely to be successful in their lives.

D. The children who chose only one marshmallow at first had stronger willpower.

（
3
）
Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the training of willpower?



A. You should have a goal every day.
B. Good rest and proper diet can help.

C. Willpower needs to be exercised regularly.
D. Keep willpower from being used too much.

（
4
）
What is the article mainly about?




A. How willpower and muscles are similar and how they can be trained.

B. How willpower affects people's lives and how it is similar to muscles.

C. How willpower is important to success and how we can make it stronger.

D. How willpower is connected with success and how they affect each other

【答案】

（
1
）
B

（
2
）
C

（
3
）
A

（
4
）
C



【解析】
【分析】主要讲了毅力的重要性和怎样让毅力变得更强。


（
1
）细节题。根据
It isn't just girls. Most of us find it hard to say
However, scientists now say that willpower is very important to success and a happy life.
可知通
过讲小女孩吃奶酪蛋糕的例子来 引出毅力话题，故选
B
。


（
2
）推测题。根据
Years
later,
scientists
found
that
the
children
who
had
waited
for
two
marshmallows were all healthier, happier and richer adults.
可知毅力强大的孩子成功的可能性
更大，故选
C
。


（
3
）细节题。根据
Baumeister says we can train our willpower just like we train our muscles
（肌肉）
. Even a little practice can strengthen
（
加强）

our overall self- control if we do it regularly.


可知要规律锻炼；
Like muscles, willpower can
same time, or when you don't have enough energy, for example when you are ill. If you already
feel tired, you can try to recharge(
恢复
) your willpower with a good night's sleep and by eating
well.
可知要好好休息和吃好，不能过度使用，故选
A
。


（
3
）主旨题。根据全文可知讲的是毅力的重要性和怎样让毅力变得更强。 故选
C
。


【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节题、推 断题和主旨题三种常考题型，
细节题要注意从
文中寻找答案；
推断题需要联系上下文，
推断出需要的信息；
主旨题需要通读全文，了解大
意之后找出中心思想。


2
．
阅读理解


One Saturday, we were preparing to go away for the weekend when my daughter heard cries
for help. When I went out, I discovered our elderly neighbor had fallen on her front steps. She
was clearly in pain, so I helped her inside her house and settled here on the bed.


I noticed her room was very narrow and dark. It was obvious she hadn't cleaned it for a long
time. She insisted she didn't need an ambulance
（救护车）
and that someone would be around
soon, so I left her with a bottle of water at her side.


As I left I felt sad when I realized that we hadn't communicated with her, except a few smiles,
for
the
past
18
months.
She
didn't
know
my
name
and
I
didn't
know
hers,
and
I
hadn't
even
noticed that she hadn't been outside for weeks because of bad pain in her back.


That
weekend
I
visited
my
grandmother
for
her
80th
birthday
and
noticed
how
clean
and
spacious her flat seemed in comparison to my neighbour's. My neighbour, as far as I knew, had
no family regularly dropping by.


When I returned home I went to visit her. Very grateful to see me, she explained she was okay.
Yet,
unable
to
bend
down
due
to
her
back,
her
kitchen
was
filling
with
garbage
that
she
was
unable to take out by herself.


We've
become
good
friends
and
chat
every
second
day.
She
keeps
thanking
me
for
my
kindness,
but
I
enjoy
helping
her.
Now,
every
time
I
return
from
putting
out
her
garbage,
collecting her mail or just chatting, I feel a deep sense of satisfaction and peace.

（
1
）
What happened when they were preparing to go away?












A. The daughter was crying for help.

B. The daughter was still sleeping in bed.

C. Nobody came to look after the old woman.

D. Their elderly neighbor fell down.

（
2
）
Why did the author feel sad when she left the old woman's house?