英美概况练习

2021年1月25日发(作者：油耗子)
Section One The Country and the People
p.19
A. Select the letter of the answer that best matches each term on the left.
____ 1. Northern Ireland











a. the Pennines
____ 2. Backbone of England







b. East London residents

_____3. Charlotte Bronte







c. church leader of a diocese

____ 4. archbishop











d. Ulster
_____5. Ben Nevis











e. Middle Valley
_____6. Lake Poets









f. church leader of a province
_____7. bilingual education





g.
Britain’s
highest mountain
_____8. Central Lowland






h. author of Jane Eyre

_____9. bishop














i. advocates of romanticism
_____10. Cockneys










j. teaching in two languages
B. Fill in the blanks.
1.
Great
Britain
is
composed
of
three
countries
which
are
respectively
called
____________,
____________ and ____________.
2.
Great
Britain
can
be
generally
divided
into
two
geographic
zones,
known
as
the
_____________ and _____________.
3.
The
British
climates
is
characterized
by
_____________
temperature
and
______________
rainfall.
4. The largest lake in the United Kingdom is _____________.
5. The British national flag is composed of three ____________.
6. The Church of England is divided into two ____________.
7. The Church of England is also known as _____________ in other countries.
8. Believers of churches other than the Church of England were once called _____________.
C. True or False.
1. England is smaller than the combined territory of Scotland and Wales.
2. The first Christian church was established at Canterbury, England , in 597.
3. The Scottish language is derived from Old English.
4. What kind of language to speak is not important in Great Britain.
5. English pupils are required to attend collective worship at school.
6.
The
present-day
English
people
have
inherited
the
physical
characteristics
of
the
Germanic
people and the Celts.


Section Two the British Government
p. 31-32
A. Select the letter of the answer that best matches each term on the left.
____ 1. prorogation






a. lower-upper class
____ 2. the crown







b. symbol of supreme court
_____3. council tax





c. king or queen

1
____ 4. motions








d. a rest for Parliament
_____5. monarch








e. proposals of legislation
_____6. gentry










f. the opposition
_____7. Lord Chancellor



g. highest civil servant
_____8. minority party





h. important person
_____9. under secretary




i. local tax
____
_10. front-bencher




j. members of the Cabinet
（该题对应项与教材不同，教材中
对应选项不恰当）



B. Fill in the blanks.
1. The official residence of the British Prime Minister is at No. 10 Downing Street.
2 The seat of the British Parliament is known as
the Houses of Parliament which is situated in
Westminster, London.

3. The British government is composed of 3 levels, with the lowest level known as district.
4. The three elements that make up the British central government are the monarch, Parliament,
and the Cabinet.
5. The supreme governor of the Church of England is the monarch.
6. Members of Parliament put forward a motion of no confidence for the purpose of toppling the
government.
7. The two chambers that make up the British Parliament are known as the Upper House and the
Lower House.
8. The process by which the powers of the central government over local affairs are passed down
to local legislature is called devolution.
9. The monarch summons and dissolves Parliament at the request of the Prime Minister.
C. True or False.
1. Most proposals for legislation are put forward by the opposition party.
2. The British Prime Minister can select any British citizen for the office of foreign secretary.
3. The British Supreme Court of appeals is the Upper House.
4. The British House of Lords is composed of three types of peers.
5. The queen appoints the leader of the minority party as prime minister.
6. The British Queen is free to dissolve Parliament.
7. British Cabinet and other State document will be kept secret for ever.
8. British Members of Parliament are elected for a term of five years.

Section 3
p.44
A. Select the letter of the answer that best matches each term on the left.

1. constable















a. accused
2. summary offence









b. state- owned
3. constituency













c. freedom of belief
4. defendant















d. between the left and the right
5. religious freedom









e. soliciting votes

2
6. magistrate















f. senior lawyer
7. nationalized













g. electoral district
8. political center











h. petty offence
9. barrister
















i. police officer
10. canvassing













j. Justice of the Peace





B. Fill in the blanks.
1. After World War II, the __________ started to turn Britain into a welfare state.
2. The Conservative Party was originally named the ___________.
3. Britain is divided into 659 ______________ for electing Members of Parliament.
4. The EU
’
s single currency is known as ____________.
5. In 1995, the Labor Party openly declared to give up its goal of ____________.
6.
British
policemen
have
to
_________
the
suspect
before
arresting
him.
The
purpose
is
to
remind him of his _____________.
7. The order given by the law court to arrest a suspect was historically known as the _________.
8. Suspects in Britain are entitled to a __________ right, which means they have the right not to
answer any question.
9. In a criminal trial, the verdict must be unanimously agreed on by all ___________ because the
stake is high.
III. Decide whether the following statements are true of false.
1. Political questions are dealt with by law courts in Britain.
2. To protect its national independence, Britain put its national law above the European Union law.
3. The Justice of the Peace relies on his common sense for making decisions.
4. Britain is the first country to institute jury trial.
17. Magistrates need not to be assisted with
professionals for their justice.
（该题多余）

5. Nearly all the British voters regard their local candidates as independent candidates.
6. British lawyers are known as the Bar or counsel.
Section Four

National Economy and Cities
P. 60-61
A. Select the letter of the answer that best matches each term on the left.
s









a. famous car-maker
2. Adam Smith





b. mail marketing
3. Roll Royce






c. center of electronic industry
4. junk mail







d. Scottish textile product
5. Silicon Glen





e. Britain
’
s first post stamp
6. Penny Black





f. author of the Wealth of Nations
7. denationalization




g. provider of marine insurance
8. Threadneeedle Street


h. center of newspaper industry
9. Lloyd
’
s













i. privatization
10. Fleet Street










j. navigators
11. tweed







k.. center of financial business
B. Fill in the blanks.
1.
Britain
’
s
foreign
trade
used
to
be
characterized
by
a
_________
on
visible
trade
and
a

3
_________ on invisible trade.
2. Basic production facilitates in Britain
—
land and capital
—
are mostly owned by ____________.
3.
State-owned
enterprises
and
the
role
played
by
government
in
economic
life
are
called
the
_________ sector in British economy.
4. The British economic policy was characterized by the struggle over more ___________ or more
___________ for several decades after World War II.
5.
The
principle
crops
in
Britain
are
__________,
___________,
___________,
____________,
and ___________.
6. The average size of a farm in Britain is about _________ acres.
7.
About
________
percent
of
British
farmers
’

income
comes
from
government
subsidies
at
present.
8. Margaret Thatcher was nicknamed __________.
9. Britain
’
s service industry employs more than __________ of the labor force.


C. True or False.
1. Britain is fully self-sufficient in food grain.
2. Britain has unfavorable conditions for agricultural development.
3. Today many British shipping firms operate under foreign flags to reduce cost money.
4. British agriculture is labor- intensive.
5. The British Labor Party used to support more denationalization.
6. British farms employ more than 10 % of the nation
’
s total population.
（该题为
False
）



Section 5 Cultural and Social Life
p. 82-83
A. Select the letter of the answer that best matches each term on the left.
1. Culture












a. Children
’
s duty to parents
2. English gentlemen



b. marriage system
3. filial piety










c. social welfare
4. Coats off for Britain


d. decency and civility
5. monogamy









e. discoverer of law of motion
6. Isaac Newton







f. public school
7. the dole












g. level of minimum necessities
8. eleven plus










h. public school]
9. Eton College








i. slogan of patriotism
10. poverty line








j. patterns of behavior and thinking
B. Fill in the blanks.
1. Today the British middle class accounts for over _________ of the total population.
2. Primogeniture ___________ the growth of the English noble class in size.
3. The first course of and English dinner normally consists of __________ and __________.
4. The dessert or _________ is usually the last course of an English dinner.
5. Teaching members of Oxbridge are collectively and familiarly known as ___________.
6. Oxford is about __________ kilometers northwest of London.

4
7. Britain has more than ______________ universities, and about _________ of their students are
postgraduates.
8. About ________ of British students continue to stay in school after passing the age of 16.
9. English free and compulsory education begins at age ________ and ends at _________.
C. True or False.

1. The brutal of British football fans are mostly from the lower- middle class.
2. According to British tradition, the bond of marriage is stronger than any previous family bonds.
3.
Under
the
English
law,
husband and
wife
can
use
their
private
communications
against
each
other in criminal cases.
4. In English history a married woman
’
s legal existence was suspended during marriage.
5. British parents are not liable for a wrongful act of their child unless they told the child to do it.
6. English people like to drink coffee just as American people do.
7. Students in English public schools are free to wear the low-waist jeans on the campus.
8. English public schools stress the importance of cultivating obedience.
Section One

Origin of the English Nation and Beginning of
Parliament
p. 99-100
A. Select the letter of the answer that best matches each term on the left.
1. Prince of Wales
















a. itinerant justices
2. knights























b. king of heaven
3. circuit judges


















c. movable property
4. chattels























d. small landowners
5. jurors


























e. public land
6. Witan

























f. heir to the English throne
7. Woden
























g. goddess of peace
8. Freya


























h. wise men
9. commons






















i. sworn men
B. Fill in the blanks.
1
。
The Celts
’
religious belief was known as __________.
2. It is believed that the _______ were ancestors of the Highland Scots, the Irish, and the Welsh.
3. The founding of circuit courts led to the founding of the _______ system in England.

4. The English written history began with the Roman invasion of England in the ________ century
B.C.
5. The Norman Conquest of 1066 was led by ___________.
6.
The
Anglo- Saxons
divided
England
into
a
number
of
administrative
regions
known
as
__
__shires_______. (
原答案错误
)
7. Henry II was the founder of the _________dynasty.
8. The Great Charter was the first step of ________ experiment in England.
9. The Anglo-Saxons were from northern __________.
10. The open field farming system embodied the early Anglo-Saxon concept of __________.
（该部分原题序号有问题）

C. True or False.


5