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汉英翻译技巧汇总

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2021-01-25 19:19
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2021年1月25日发(作者:过剩)
汉英翻译技巧汇总



Title:
汉英翻译技巧:合并(
Combination




Key words: combination, simple sentence, compound sentence, C-E
translation



Abstract: It discusses the technique of combination of simple and
compound



sentences.



Compiler:
丁树德等



C-E




A

in terms of simple sentences




1


天气寒冷,河水都结冰了。
It was so cold that the river froze.
(丁树德,

英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导

,大学出版社 ,
1996





2


理论必须密切联系实际,
这是我们应当牢记的一条原则。
That
theory
must go hand in hand with practice is a principle we should always keep
in mind.
(丁树德,

英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导

,大学出版社,
19 96





3


他在战斗中表现突出,受到连长的表扬。
He was commended by the
company commander for his distinguished performance in the battle.
(丁
树德,

英汉 汉英翻译教学综合指导

,大学出版社,
1996





4


年满十八岁的公民,都有选举权和被选举权。
All
citizens
who
have
reached
the
age
of
eighteen
have
the
right
to
vote
and
to
stand
for
election.
(丁树德,

英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导

,大学出版社,
1996





5


当时,友谊商店只对外宾开放,不对中宾开放。
At the time the
friendship store was exclusively open to foreign visitors.
(王大伟,

现代汉英翻译技巧

,世界图书出版公司,
1999


(本科四年级以上)




B

in terms of compound sentences




6


她对自己所取得的成就充满了自豪,这也不是没有道理的。
She is
justifiably
proud
of
her
achievements.


现代汉英翻译技巧

王大伟


界图书出版公司

1999





7


这家小工厂经过技术改造,
发展很快,
使人感到惊讶不已。
This
small
factory underwent a technological renovation, thus developing with
surprising
speed.
(王大伟,

现代汉英翻译技巧


世 界图书出版公司,
1999


(本科四年级以上)




8


只要看一眼这封信,你就会明白你上当了。
A
glance
at
this
letter
will convince you that you have been taken in.
(朱巧莲,

汉译英之合译



上海科技翻译


2001, No. 1





9


看门人惊呆了,
喘着粗气,
摇摇晃晃地走下楼梯。
The
janitor
staggered
down the stairway, stunned and gasping.
(朱巧莲,

汉译英之合译法
< br>,

上海科技翻译


2001, No. 1





10


还是热, 心里可镇定多了。凉风,即使是一点点,给了人们许多希
望。(老舍

骆驼祥子


It
was
still
hot
but
everyone
felt
much
better,
for
the breeze, though slight, brought them hope.< br>(冯庆华编著,

英汉互译实
用翻译教程

,上海外语教育出版社 ,
2000






Title:
汉英翻译技巧:补偿(
Compensation




Key words: compensation, culture, context, background information,
C-E translation



Abstract: It discusses the technique of compensation from the
perspectives of culture, context and background information.



Compiler:
《新时代汉英大词典》等



C-E.



1.
九州
Jiuzhou
——
a poetic name for China



-
北京外国语大学英语系《汉英词典》组编,《汉英词典》,外语教学与 研
究出版社。



2.
八股文
Eighth-part essay prescribed for the imperial civil
service examinations
——
known for its rigidity of form and poverty of
ideas



-
吴景荣,程镇球主编,《新时代汉英大词典》,商务印书馆。



3.
狗咬吕洞宾
,
不识好人心
Like the dog that bit Lu Tungpin
——
you
bite the hand that feeds you.



-
吴景荣,程镇球主编,《新时代汉英大词典》,商务印书馆。



4.
猫哭老鼠——假慈悲
The cat weeping over the dead mouse
——
shed
crocodile tears.



-
吴景荣,程镇球主编,《新时代汉英大词典》,商务印书馆。



5.
苏轼
:
Su
Shi

formerly
translated
as
Su
Shih,
1037-1101

,alias
Su Dongpo, writer and calligrapher of the Song Dynasty.



-
吴景荣,程镇球主编,《新时代汉英大词典》,商务印书馆。



6.
秀才
Xiucai,
one
who
passed
the
imperial
examination
at
the
county
level in the Ming and Qing Dynasties



-
吴景荣,程镇球主编,《新时代汉英大词典》,商务印书馆。



7.
牛郎织女
the Cowherd and the Girl Weaver-two figures in ancient
Chinese fairy tale

Later it also refers to husband and wife who live
far apart.




-
吴景荣,程镇球主编,《新时代汉英大词典》,商务印书馆。



8.
蓝田人
Lantian Man, ape-man of about 600,000 years ago whose
fossil remains were found in Lantian, Shanxi Province in 1964



-
吴景荣,程镇球主编,《新时代汉英大词典》,商务印书馆。



9.
开绿灯
turn
on
the
green
light

provide
conveniences
for
certain
affairs, so that they could proceed smoothly




-
张震久,袁宪军编,《汉英中国专有名称和术语简明词典》,北京大学出
版社。



10.
梅雨季节
plum rain season

about 1-month rainy season usu.
beginning in early summer
when
plum fruit becomes ripe
in the middle
and
lower
reaches
of
the
Yangtze
River

or
moldy
season,
a
rainy
season
when
everything goes moldy easily in the said area.
(陈刚)




Title:
汉英翻译技巧:分译(
division




Key words: division, sentence, C-E translation



Abstract:
It
discusses
the
technique
of
division
from
the
perspective
of various kinds of



sentences.



C-E.




1


不久,
她提着篮子回来了。
Very
soon
she
came
back,
holding
a
basket
in her hand.
(刘慎军、李洪民、杨斌、刘宝编著,

按实例学 英语翻译

,北
京工业大学出版社,
2001





2


他拉过一把椅子放在客人背后。
He drew up a chair and placed it
behind the visitor.
(刘慎军、李洪民、杨斌、刘宝编著,

按实例学英语翻


,北京工业大学出版社,
2001





3


周萍一个人从饭厅走上来,
望望花园,
冷 清清的,
没有一人。
Zhou
Ping
appears from the dining room. He is alone. He peers out at the garden.
It is silent and deserted.
(宋天锡、袁江、 袁冬娥编著,李鹏飞审校,


译新概念英汉互译实用教程

,国际工业 出版社)




4


他哼着曲子从山上走下来。
He
walked
down
the
hill,
singing
softly
to himself.
(刘慎军、李洪民、杨斌、刘宝编著,

按实例学英语翻
quot;
,北
京工业大学出版社,
2001





5


人民的觉悟是不容易的,要去掉人民头脑中的错 误思想,需要我们做
很多切切实实的工作。
The political awakening of the people is not easy.
It requires much earnest effort on our part to rid their minds of wrong
ideas.


英汉翻译手册






6


我们的目的一定要达到,
我们的目的一定能够达到。
Our
goal
must
be
attained. Our goal will be att ained.
(单其昌著,杨宪益校,

汉英翻译技


,外语 教学与研究出版社,
1999





7


我们的革命已经获得全世界广大人民的同情和欢呼,
我们的朋友遍于
全世界。
Our
revolution
has
won
the
sympathy
and
acclaim
of
the
people
of
all countries. We have friends all over the world.
(单其昌著,杨宪益
校,

汉英翻译技巧

,外语教学与研究出版社,
1999





8

我们恢复和采取这些贸易方式的原因很简单:
我们出口商品就是为了
我们国外客户消费方面 的需要。
The
reason
why
we
have
restored
and
adopted
these
trade
practices
is
very
simple.
Our
export
commodities
are
for
the
use and consumption of our foreign customers.
(单其昌著,杨宪益校,

汉英翻译 技巧

,外语教学与研究出版社,
1999





9


这次大会充分发扬了民主,大家心情舒畅,生动活泼;真正 开成了一
个团结的大会,胜利的大会。
The conference has given full expression to
democracy;
the
atmosphere
has
been
lively
and
the
delegates
have
enjoyed
ease of mind. Ours has indeed been a congress of unity, a congress of
victory.
(钟述孔著

《英汉翻译手册》

商务印书馆
1980





10


这些国家的共产党和进步党派,正促使它们的 政府和我们做生意,
以致建立外交关系,这是善意的,这就是援助。
The Communist Parties and
progressive groups in these countries are urging their governments to
established
trade
and
even
diplomatic
relations
with
us.
This
is
goodwill,
this is help.
(钟述孔著

《英汉翻译手册》

商务印书馆
1980





Title:
汉英翻译技巧:形合


Hypotaxis




Key
words:
hypotaxis,
sentence
structure,
syntactic,
C-E
translation



Abstract: It discusses the technique of hypotaxis from the
perspective of syntactic subordination or sentence structure.



Compiler:
杨莉藜、冯志杰等



C-E



1.
让壁立的岩石,静静流着的小河,风过处便窃窃私语的树林,都作为自
己的亲密邻居。



All the company she had were the steep cliffs, the gently flowing
stream, and the trees that whispered in the wind.
(杨莉藜河南大学出版
社)



2.
汉朝人在 宫殿和墓前的石室里,多喜欢绘画或雕刻古来的帝王、孔子的
弟子、列士、列女、孝子之类的图。



People of
the
Han Dynasty
liked
to have paintings or caved relief of
rulers of old, disciples of Confucius, eminent scholars and ladies and
filial
sons
in
the
palaces
or
the
stone
chambers
before
their
tombs.
(杨
莉藜河南大学出版社)



3.
不必说碧绿的菜畦,光滑的石井栏,高大的皂荚树,紫红的桑椹……



I need not speak of the green vegetable plots, the slippery stone
coping
round
the
well,
the
tall
honey
locust
tree,
or
the
purple
mulberries.
(杨莉藜河南大学出版社)



4.
尽着他的腿的力量走了一天,问了一天,没有消息。



As long as his legs would move he walked on, asking, but by the end
of the day he still had no news.
(杨莉藜河南大学出版社)



5.
七股大水,从水库的桥孔跃出,仿佛七幅闪光黄锦,直铺下去,碰着嶙
峋的乱石,激起一片雪白水珠, 脱线一般,撒在洄漩的水面。



Seven torrents were rushing through the archways of the bridge like
seven glittering rolls
of
cloth of
gold
cascading on to
the jagged rocks
below
and
scattering snow-white
bubbles
like
a
string
of
broken
beads
on
the swirling water.
(外语教学与研究出版社,中国文学出版社)



6.
月光如流水一般,静静地泻在这一片叶子和花上。薄薄的青雾浮起在荷
塘里,叶 子和花仿佛在牛乳中洗过一样;又像笼着轻纱的梦



Moonlight
cascaded
like
water
over
the
locus
leaves
and
flowers,
and
a
light
blue
mist
floating
up
from
the
pool
made
them
seem
washed
in
milk
or caught in a gauzy dream. .
(外语教学与研究出版社,中国文学出版社)



7.
另一方面,必须用上述材料进行广泛宣传,使人们认识到,自然保 护区
是保护自然及文化遗产的基本单位,它们是在人类进步里程中长期斗争中形成
的,对经济建 设有着重要的作用。



On
the
other
hand,
it
is
necessary
to
carry
on
the
extensive
publicity,
enabling the public to know that the protected areas are the basic unit

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