英国文学选读课后26650

2021年1月25日发(作者：brackets)
The Tiger P50

1.

Why
does
the
poet
mention
the
Lamb?
Do
you
think
both
the
Lamb
and
the
Ti
ger
can
illuminate each other?

The
Tyger
is
corresponding
to
The
Lamb.
Both
the
poems
show
the
poet
’s
exploration,
understanding and plaint of the mysterious creation. In this poem, the author implies that the Tiger
is created by God as well as the Lamb. S o either the Tiger or the Lamb is essential to God. I think
both the Lamb and the Tiger can illuminate each other. Although the Lamb can represent the kind
“innocent society”, it will be lack of enough motivation to make progress. While the Tiger will
caus e social misery, unrest or even disruption, but it can make people release their creativity. So
the
poet
believes
that
the
Tiger
is
the
symbol
of
strength
and
courage.
And
he
also
praises
its
passion, desire and all the lofty beauty.
2.

What is the symbolic meaning of the tiger? What idea does the poet want to express?

The
symbol
of
the Tyger
is
one
of
the
two
central
mysteries
of
the poem
(the other
being
the
Tyger ’
s creator). It is unclear what it exactly symbolizes, but scholars have hypothesized that the
Tyger could be inspiration, the divine, artistic creation, history, the sublime (the big, mysterious,
powerful and sometimes scary. Read more on this in the
itself.
Really,
the
list
is
almost
infinite.
The
point
is,
the
Tyger
is
important,
and
Blake’s
poem
barely limits the possibilities The tiger is the embodiment of God's power in creation: the animal is
terrifying in its beauty, strength, complexity and vitality. The poem is divided into six parts. In the
first part, the author imagined that he met a terrible tiger on a dark night and was frightened by its
awful eyesight. There are creations and creators. How great the creator is that he could create such
an
awful
creation
like
tiger!
In
the
second
part,
the
author
continues
to
ask,
where
comes
the
eyesight like fire, sea or sky? The following two parts, the author describes the creator as a smith.
He creates the tiger. What behind the questions is the frightening and respect of the author to the
creator. In the fif th part, the author changes his tone and asks when the stars throw down their
spears,
why
they
are
not
happy?
The
last
part
is
as
same
as
the
first
part,
the
creator
is
too
mysterious to understand. The tiger shows its outstanding energy. It’s the vitality which the author
thinks highly of. The key sentence of the poem is
make thee?
challenges the one-
track religious views of the 18 ’s
century. The view only concluded that god
create the lame, he is so kind a father. But it didn ’t know god also create the tough tiger. He can
also be very serious. The god is someone who can’t be truly understood by human beings.

Ode to the West Wind P83
西风颂

第一节

哦，狂暴的西风，秋之生命的呼吸！你无形，但枯死的落叶被你横扫，

有如鬼魅碰到了巫师，纷纷逃避：黄的，黑的，灰的，红得像患肺痨，

呵，重染疫疠的一群：西风呵，是你


以车驾把有翼的种子催送到

黑暗的冬床上，它们就躺在那里，像是墓中的死穴，冰冷，深藏，低贱，

直等到春天，你的姊妹吹起她的喇叭，在沉睡的大地上响遍，

唤出嫩芽，像羊群一样，觅食空中）将色和香充满了山峰和。

不羁的精灵呵，你无处不远行；破坏者兼保护者：听吧，你且！

第二节

没入你的急流，当高空一片混乱，流云象大地的枯叶一样被撕扯

脱离天空和海洋的纠缠的枝干。成为雨和电的使者：它们飘落

在你的磅礴之气的蔚蓝的波面，有如的飘扬的头发在闪烁，

从的最遥远而模糊的边沿


直抵九霄的中天，到处都在摇曳

欲来雷雨的卷发，对濒死的一年

你唱出了葬歌，而这密集的黑夜

将成为它广大墓陵的一座圆顶，里面正有你的之力的凝结；

那是你的浑然之气，从它会黑色的雨，冰雹和火焰：哦，你听！

第三节

是你，你将蓝色的唤醒，而它曾经昏睡了一整个夏天，

被澄澈水流的回旋催眠入梦，就在巴亚海湾的一个浮石岛边，

它梦见了古老的宫殿和楼阁在水天辉映的波影里抖颤，

而且都生满青苔、开满花朵，那芬芳真迷人欲醉！呵，为了给你

让一条路，的汹涌的把自己向两边劈开，而深在渊底

那海洋中的花草和泥污的森林虽然枝叶扶疏，却没有精力；

听到你的声音，它们已吓得发青：一边颤栗，一边自动萎缩：哦，你听！

第四节

哎，假如我是一片枯叶被你浮起，假如我是能和你飞跑的云雾，

是一个波浪，和你的威力同喘息，假如我分有你的脉搏，仅仅不如

你那么自由，哦，无法约束的生命！假如我能像在少年时，而舞

便成了你的伴侣，悠游天空（因为呵，那时候，要想追你上云霄，

似乎并非梦幻），我就不致像如今这样焦躁地要和你争相祈祷。

哦，举起我吧，当我是水波、树叶、浮云！我跌在生活底荆棘上，我流血了！

这被岁月的重轭所制服的生命原是和你一样：骄傲、轻捷而不驯。

第五节

把我当作你的竖琴吧，有如树林：尽管我的叶落了，那有什么关系！

你巨大的合奏所振起的音乐将染有树林和我的深邃的秋意：

虽忧伤而甜蜜。呵，但愿你给予我狂暴的精神！奋勇者呵，让我们合一！

请把我枯死的思想向世界吹落，让它像枯叶一样促成新的生命！

哦，请听从这一篇符咒似的诗歌，就把我的话语，像是灰烬和火星

从还未熄灭的炉火向人间播散！让预言的喇叭通过我的嘴唇

把昏睡的大地唤醒吧！西风啊，如果冬天来了
,
春天还会远吗
?
Shelly
雪莱




Ode To The West Wind

Shelley was an idealist
and most of his nature are about the need for revolution
and a desire to break the status quo. Ode to the West Wind is no different. Here
Shelley sees the west as a symbol of revolution, of a new world order that would
replace the old one. He identifies with the wind in that he knows that just as the
west wind spells the arrival of the new year, similarly his poetic ideas will usher in
a new world order and change the present world for the better. The has a note of
despair when he says:

'I fall upon the thorns of life, I bleed'but soon enough he gains his composure and
towards the end he's filled with hope and optimism which is expressed beautifully
in the last two lines:'When winter comes, can be far behind?'
Ode to the West Wind Theme of Man and the Natural World

In
The natural world is especially powerful because it contains elements like the West Wind and
the Spring Wind, which can travel invisibly across the globe, affecting every cloud, leaf, and
wave as they go. Man may be able to increase his status by allowing Nature to channel itself
through him.
1. In what way is the West Wind both a destroyer and a preserver?

West
wind
is
the
destroyer
as
it
is
turbulent
and
strong
and
destroys
the
wide
spread vegetation. It is a destroyer of the old, decaying and valueless things (such
as dead leaves), blowing over the land, drives away the dead leaves. Shelly shows
the
irony
of
the
wind
that
acts
in
a
contradictory
manner.(use
and
Describe
the
words
that
show
the
potential
strength
and
use
effective
language)It
is
the
preserver as it brings life to the dead atmosphere, it spreads the seeds and they lie
two inches beneath the ground and eventually sprout into seedlings.
2. What is the relation between the West Wind and the poet?

In
grander and more powerful than man can
hope to be. The natural world is especially powerful because it contains elements
like
the
West
Wind
and
the
Spring
Wind,
which
can
travel
invisibly
across
the
globe,
affecting
every
cloud,
leaf,
and
wave
as
they
go.
Man
may
be
able
to
increase his status by allowing Nature to channel itself through him. The speaker
of the poem appeals to the West Wind to infuse
（

灌输，
影响）

him with a new
spirit and a new power to spread his ideas.
3.
As “the trumpet of prophecy”, what does the west wind predict in physical
reality? How do you understand it symbolically?

As the speaker of
begs
the
wind
to
use
him
as
an
instrument,
inhabit
him,
distribute
his
ideas,
or
prophesy
through
his
mouth.
He
hopes
to
transform
himself
by
uniting
his
own
spirit with the larger
The
speaker
wishes
that
the
wind
could
affect
him
the
way
it
does
leaves
and
clouds
and
waves.
Because
it
can’t,
he
asks
the
wind
to
play
him
like
an
instrument, bringing out his sadness in its own musical lament. Maybe the wind
can
even
help
him
to
send
his
ideas
all
over
the
world;
even
if
they’re
not
powerful in their own right, his ideas might inspire others. The sad music that the
wind will play on him will become a prophecy. The West Wind of autumn brings
on a cold, barren period of winter, but isn’t winter always followed by a spring?

John Keats: Ode on a Grecian Urn

p85
希腊古瓮颂


你，嫁给静寂的，童贞的新娘，

你，被静默和悠远收养的孩子，