英美文学知识点小总结

2021年1月25日发(作者：英语翻译汉语)
2011
级英美文学专题试题

I. Define the following terms with example
1. Ballad stanza
2. Frame-work story
3. Humanism
4. Eco-criticism
5. Dramatic monologue
6. Realism
II. Answer the following questions briefly
1.

What are the major functions of literature?

Literature is artistic representation of human experiences through language.
Artistic representation.
Served as a mirror and lamp
A mirror: mimetic function---- imitation of the world, reflection of the universe

A Lamp: instructive function ----- teaching people to be better human beings
Moral assessments and judgments

Aesthetic function: beauty and enjoyments.
2.

How do you appreciate English poetry?
3.

What are the key elements of a novel?
场景
（
Setting
）情节
（
Plot
）
人物
（
Character
）
叙事者
（
Narrator
）
主题
（
Theme
）
语言（
Language
）世界观
World View

4. What is the major classification of characters according to E.M. Forster?
5. Do you think Hamlet
’
s delay in action is the matter of cowardice? Why or why not?

6.

What
are
the
main
differences
between William
Wordsworth
and
Wang
Wei
in
term
of
the
theme
of
“
life
and
death
”
respectively
in
“
She
Dwelt
among
the
Un- trodden Ways
”

and
“
Xinyi
Wu
”
？


stanza
In
poetry
, a
Ballad
stanza
is
the
four-line
stanza, known as a quatrain,
most often found in the folk
ballad
. This form consists of alternating
four- and three-stress lines. Usually only the second and fourth lines
rhyme (in an a/b/c/b pattern).
Assonance
in place of rhyme is common.
Samuel Taylor Coleridge
adopted the ballad stanza in
The Rime of the
Ancient Mariner
,
alternating eight and six syllable lines.
All in a hot and copper sky!
The bloody Sun, at
noon
,
Right up above the mast did stand,
No bigger than the
Moon
.

Coleridge,
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner,
lines 111
–

114
The
longer
first
and
third
lines
are
rarely
rhymed,
although
at
times
poets
may use
internal rhyme
in these lines.
In mist or
cloud
, on mast or
shroud
,
It perched for vespers nine;
Whiles all the
night
, through fog-smoke
white
,
Glimmered the white Moon-shine.
Coleridge,
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner,
lines 75
–

78
-work study
A
frame
story
(also
frame
tale,
frame
narrative,
etc.)
employs
a
narrative
technique
whereby
an
introductory
main
story
is
composed,
at
least
in
part,
for
the
purpose
of
setting
the
stage
for
a
fictive
narrative
or
organizing
a set of shorter stories, each of which is a story within a story. The
frame
story
leads
readers
from
the
first
story
into
the
smaller
one
within
General Prologue
The Knight's Tale
The Miller's Prologue and Tale
The Reeve's Prologue and Tale
The Cook's Prologue and Tale
sm

is the essence of the renaissance
文艺复兴
. In Greek and Roman civilization,


man is the measure of all things. Contrary to the medieval philosophy, the humanists


believed that it was justified to praise human nature and that human beings are


glorious creatures capable of development in the direction of perfection. the world


was theirs not to dislike but to question,explore and enjoy. Thus, by emphasizing the


value of human beings and the important of the present life, the emphasized that man


not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of this life, but have the ability to perfect


themselves and create wonders. Such as William Shakespeare

hamlet
-criticism