culture shock中英文对照

2021年1月25日发(作者：空单)
Culture Shock

Cause and Symptoms

Kalvero Oberg
Culture shock might be called an occupational disease of people
who have been suddenly transplanted abroad. Like most diseases, it
has its own symptoms.
文化休克是突然移居国外的人的一种职业病
.
像大多数疾病一样
,
它有自己
的征兆
.

Culture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing all
our familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. Those signs or
cues include the thousand and one ways with which we are familiar in
the situation of daily life: when to shake hands and what to say when
we
meet
people,
when
and
how
to
give
tips,
how
to
go
shopping,
when
to
accept
and
when
to
refuse
invitations,
when
to
take
statements seriously and when not. These cues, which may be words,
gestures, facial expressions, customs, or norms, are acquired by all of
us in the course of growing up and are as much a part of our culture as
the language we speak or the beliefs we accept. All of us depend for
our peace of mind and our efficiency on hundreds of these cues, often
with our conscious awareness.

文化休克是由于失 去我们熟悉的标志和社会环境而导致的焦虑
.
这些标志包
括我们熟悉的日常生活
,
遇到别人知道何时握手
,
说些什么
,
知道什么时候如何给
小费
,
如何购物
,
何时接受或拒绝邀请
,
何时严肃何时放 松
.
这些可能是语言
,
手势
,
面部表情
,
风俗或规定
,
我们成长的过程中一直遵守
,
是文化的一部分
,
就像我们
语言或信仰一样
.
我们依靠这些思想和标志
,
成为我们的 潜意识
.


Now when a person enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar
cues
are
removed,
He
or
she
is
like
a
fish
out
of
water.
No
matter
how
broad-minded or full of goodwill you may be,a series of props have knocked
from under you, followed by a feeling of frustration and anxiety. People react to
the frustration in much the same way. First they reject the environment which
causes the
discomfort.
“The
ways
of the host
country
are bad
because
they
made us feel bad.” When foreigners in a
strange land get together to grumble
about the host country and its people, you can be sure they are suffering from
culture shock. Another symptom of culture shock is regression. To the foreigner
everything becomes irrationally glorified. All the difficulties and problems are
forgotten and only the good things back home are remembered. It usually takes
a trip home to bring one back to reality.
当一个人进入一个陌生的环境
,
所以这些熟悉的线索都消失 了
.
他就像一条
离开了水的鱼
,
不管你有多么的思想开放多么的友 好善良
,
一系列的问题会来到
你的身边
,
带给你沮丧和焦虑
.
人们对挫折的反应大致相同
,
首先是拒绝带给他不
适的环境, “这个国家 很坏因为它让我感觉很坏”.当一个陌生地方的人一起抱
怨这个国家和这个国家的人
,
你就可以肯定他们正在遭受文化冲击
.
文化休克的
另一个症状就是逃避
.< br>对于一个外国人来说每一样事物都变的无法忍受
.
所有的
困难和问题都忘记了< br>,
只剩下回家这一个念头
.
通常只有一趟回家之旅才会把他
带回现实
.

Some of the symptoms of culture shock are: excessive washing of
the hands; excessive concern over drinking water, food dishes, and
bedding; fear of physical contact with attendants; the absent- minded
stare;
a
feeling
of
helplessness
and
a
desire
for
dependence
on
long-term residents of one's own nationality; fits of anger over minor
frustrations; great concern over minor pains and eruptions of the skin;
and finally, that terrible longing to be back home.
文化休克的另一些症状是< br>:
过度的洗手
,
过度关注饮用水
,
食物
,
床 上用品
,
恐
惧与服务员身体接触
,
失神凝望
,
感觉 很无助
,
渴望依赖在这里长期居住的同国籍
的人
,
小事就能引起愤怒
,
对轻微的疼痛和皮疹过度关注
,
最终极度渴望重返家
园
.
Individual
differ
greatly
in
the
degree
in
which
culture
shock
affects them. Although not common, there are individual who cannot
live in foreign countries. However, those who have seen people go
through culture shock and on to a satisfactory adjustment can see
steps in the process.
文化冲击对不同的人有不同程度的影响
.
尽管并不普遍
,
有些人不 能在国外
生活
.
然而
,
可以看看有些已经克服文化冲击并且有一个满 意的调整
,
可以参照一
下步骤
.
Stages of Adjustment
Raymond Zeuschner
Kalvero Oberg describes four stages that people go through when
they experience situations that are very different from those to which
they are accustomed. Examples of such situations include moving to a
new
city,
traveling
to
anew
country,
and
becoming
part
of
a
new
organization, military unit or corporation.