As-Well-As的用法及翻译

2021年1月25日发(作者：显学)












































.
as far as



so far as
一．用于指距离，表示
“
直到
……
为止
”
之意时，
as far as
既可用于肯
定句，
也可用于否定句，
但
so far as
只能用于否定句中。
例如：
We went
as far as Lion Rock Tunnel.
我们一直走到狮子山隧道公路那儿。


They did not go as far as the others.
他们没有像其他的人走得那么
远。


（此句的
as far as
可以改作
so far as
）


二．在表 示
“
直到
……
程度
”
之意的借喻说法中，
as far as
和
so far as
都可使用，但前者不及后者用得普遍。例：
she went so far as
（
or as
far as
）

to call him a coward.
她甚至骂他是儒夫。


三．在表示
“
就
……
而论
”
之意时，
as far as
和
so far as
可互换使用。
例：

As
（
or So
）

far as I koow
，
she will be away from Macao for two
months.

据我所知，她将要离开澳门两个月。


As
（
or So
）

far as my knowledge goes
，
there is no such word in
English.

据我所知，英语里没有这样一个字。

四．在表示
“
只要
”
、
“
尽
……
所能
”
之意时，应用
as far as
，不用
so far
as
。例：

I'll do my utmost to help you as far as I can.

只要可能，
我一定竭尽全力来帮你。

Eric Partridge
在他编著的
Usage
and Abusage
一书中 写道（第
44
页），在用作比喻意义的叙述句里，
Word
文档













































.
so far as
比
as far as
用得普遍，他举了这样一个例子：
so far as I can
see
，
your idea is admirable.
As long as




so long as
2.
一、
在表示
during the whole time that(
长达
……
之久
)
或
while(
只要
)< br>的含义时
,
往往用
as long as
。如
:

1. they all continued their regard for me as long as they lived.
他们毕
生都在关心着我
.
2. For almost as long as Juanita could remember, adding, subtracting,
multiplying, and dividing seemed as easy as breathing, and as natural.
在 胡安妮塔的记忆中
,
加减乘除对自己来说早就是如同呼吸一样简单
而自然了
.

3. As long as there is life there is hope.
留得生命在
,
不怕没希望
.


二、
在表示
on condition that, provided that< br>或
if(
只要
,
如果
)
的含义时
,
用
as long as
或
so long as
的情况均很常见。如
:

1 You can go out, as / so long as you promise to be back before 11
o'clock.
你可以出去
,
只要你答应在
11
点以前回来
.

2. I'll accept any job as / so long as I don't have to get up early.
只要
不必早起
,
任何工作我都可以接受
.

3. So / As long as electric current flows through a wire, there is a
potential difference.
只要有电流通过
,
导线就有电位差
.

Word
文档













































.
4. these stories reinforced the idea that all individuals, no matter how
poor, were capable of becoming wealthy so / as long as they were
hardworking.
这些故事强化了一种思想
,
那就是
,< br>所有人
,
不管有多穷
,
只要勤劳
,
都能变富有
.

三、在表示
since, considering that(
既 然
,
因为
)
的含义时
,
多用
as long
as
。如
:

1. As long as we've driven this far, we might as well go on.
我们既然
已经驶得这么远了
,
就不妨继续前进
.

2. As long as you are here, go on.
你既然已经来到这里了
,
就干吧
.
3 As long as you are going, I'll go too.
既然你要去
,
那么我也去
.

四、
有时
,as / so long as
与
if only同义
,
由它引导的状语分句可不依附
主句而单独使用
,
表示说话 人的希望、愿望或遗憾心情等。如
:

—
It's said it's going to turn colder and freeze later on.
听说过些时候
天气要变冷
,
有冰冻
.
—
As long as it doesn't spoil the weekend. (=I hope that it doesn't
spoil the weekend.)
只要不把周末弄糟了就没事
.

五、在用
as / so long as
连接的从句中
,
当其谓语为
be,
而主语和主句的主语相同时
,
则从句的主语和
be
可以省略。如
:

I'm sure we are safe as long as(we are) in his care.
我深信只要在他的
保护下
,
我们就会平安无事


As Well As
的用法及翻译

Word
文档













































.
一、
AS WELL AS
，
AND and NOT ONLY
…
BUT ALSO
…

As
well
as
可作为副词，介词以及连词使用。在作并列连词时，
连接两个相同的成分，如主语，谓语 ，宾语，表语和状语等，表示
“
除
……
之外、不仅
……
还< br>……
、既
……
又
……
、不但
……
而且
……
、
同、和、并、也
”
之意。现分别举例如下：

Tom as well as Jack blamed me.
不仅杰克，就连汤姆也责怪我。

To
accomplish
great
things,
we
must
dream
as
well
as
act.
—
Anatole Keats
要完成伟大的事业，既要实干，更要有崇高的理想。
——
阿纳托
尔
·
济慈爱（王国栋，
2004
：
548
）

Living things need light as well as air and water.

生物不仅需要空气与水，还需要阳光。

He is courageous as well as strong.
他既强壮又勇敢。

A man may usually is known by the books he reads as well as by
the company he keeps.
—
S. Smiles
通常不但可以从一个人所交往的人，还可以从所读的书来了解 一
个人。
——
斯迈尔斯（英国传记作家）
（王国栋，
2004
：
548
）
（改
译：通常，了解一个人不仅可以通过他所交往的人，还可以 通过
所读的书。
）

As well as
虽有
“
同、和、也
”
的意思，但与
and
的表意用法不同，
Word
文档













































.
并列连词
an d
可以连接名词、
代词或数词，
其所连接的成分不分主次、
轻重，但
as well as
有主次、轻重之分。例如：

“
he as well as I
”
并不等于
“
he and I
”
。
“
he as well as I
”
，
h e
是重点，
I
居次要地位，译为
“
不仅我，而且他
”
。


The teacher blamed you and him as well as me.

老师不仅责备我
（次要）
，而且也责备了你和他。
（
“
你和他
”
是重点。
）

He masters English as well as French.
他不仅精通法语（次要）
，
而且精通英语（重点）
。

He masters English and French.
他精通英语和法语。
（英语和法 语
并重）
（杜永文，
2002
：
1056-1057
）
As well as
也不同于
not only
…
but also
…
。
As well as
的重点在前
面，
而
not only
…
but also
…
的重点在后面，
即在
but also
之后，
例如：

The teacher, as well as students wishes for holidays.
不但学生连老师也都希望放假。

=Not only the students but also the teacher wishes for holidays.
不但学生 就连老师也希望放假。
（王国栋，
2004
：
549
）

所以在翻译过程中，要谨慎对待
as
well
as
。应该先译后 面，再
译前面，因为中文里的“不仅
……
还
……
”、“不但
……
而且
……
”等关
联词所连接的成分，其强调的部分在后面，正好与
as well as
相反。

Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as of admiration.
无知是羡慕的根源，也是恐 惧的根源。
（蔡宗源，
2000
：
73
）

He grows flowers as well as vegetables.

Word
文档













































.
他不但种菜而且种花。

She is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.

她是一个摄影师又 是很有才华的音乐家。
(
李振华、
杨广育，
1991
：
18 34)
He gave me money as well as advice.

他除了给我忠告外，还给我钱。


We shall travel by night as well as by day, both by night and by
day.

我们将日夜赶路。
(A S Hornby, 1994
：
1307)
但这常常被英语学习者忽视，
也不免于大家之手。< br>张道真先生在其编
著的各版语法书中，对
as well as
的翻译基本上都 错了。现将其摘抄
并改译如下：
（其书中相同的句子不重列）

I have read one of his novels as well as a few of his plays.
我念过他的一本小说和他的几个剧本。
（张道真，
2002
：
454
）

改译为：我不仅读过他的一些剧本，还读过他的一本小说。

It is important for you as well as for me.
这对你对我都很重要 。
（张道真，
2002
：
454
）

改译为：这不仅对我很重要，对你也很重要。

This is a political as well as an economic question.
这是一 个政治也是经济问题。
（张道真，
2002
：
502
）
< br>这是一个政治问题，也是一个经济问题。
（这句译文出现在《实
用英语语法》
[
最新版
]
中）
（张道真，
2003
：
467
）

Word
文档













































.
改译为：这不仅是个经济问题，更是个政治问题。

We cannot expect her to do the homework as well as look after
the children.
我们不能指望她既做作业又照看孩子。
（ 张道真，
2002
：
502
）

改译为：我们不可能叫她既照顾孩子又做家庭作业。

John can speak Chinese as well as French.
约翰能讲汉语及法语。
（张道真，
2003
：
467
）

改译为：约翰不仅能讲法语，还能讲汉语。

We shall travel by night as well as by day.
我们将日夜兼程。
（张道真，
2003
：
467
）

这是唯一译对的一句，
应是源于
《牛津现代高级英汉双解词典》
。

The
conflict
spread
everywhere,
into
villages,
as
well
as
into
cities.
冲突到处蔓延，
蔓延到了农村，
也蔓延 到了城市。
（张道真，
2003
：
467
）

改译为：冲突到处蔓延，蔓延到了城市，也蔓延到了农村。

二、
AS WELL AS
的注意事项：

1.

As well as
连接三个成分时，
可用
A and B as well as C; A as well as
B and C
。但不可用
A, B as well as C< br>。（王国栋，
2004
：
549
）比
如：通常不使用
“
you, he as well as I
”
，却使用
“
you and he as well
as I
”
（
=
“
不仅我 ，而且你和他
”
）
。
（杜永文，
2002
：
105 6-1057
）

2.

As well as
连接复合主语时，其后的动词形式取决于
as well as
前
Word
文档













































.
面的名词。例如：

Lynn as well as I
likes
mathematics.

不仅我，林恩也喜欢数学。

Tom as well as they
wants
to go back home.

不仅他们，连汤姆也想回家。

3.

As well as
连接两个谓语动词时，它们的时态应保持一致。例如：

She publishes as well as prints her own novels.
她的小说是她自己印刷出版的。

She is cleaning the house as well as taking care of her child.

她在照顾孩子的同时也打扫房屋。

4.

As well as
连接人称代词的主格和宾格时，句意不同。例如：

Steven helped you as well as me.

史蒂文帮过我，也帮过你。
（
y ou
和
me
都作
help
的宾语）

Steven helped you as well as I.

我帮过你，史蒂文也帮过你。
（
they
和
I
都作
help
的主语）

5.

As well as
用在否定句中，当
as well as
在
not
之前，两者均否定；
当
as well as
在
not
之后，否定前者，肯定后者。例如：

Phil, as well as David, has been to Lushan.

不仅大卫，菲尔也去过庐山。

Phil hasn
’
t been to Lushan as well as David.

大卫去过庐山，菲尔没有。
（菲尔并没有和大卫一样去过庐山。
）

Phil, as well as David, hasn
’
t been to Lushan.

Word
文档