-
If great achievers share anything, said Simonton, it is an unrelenting drive to succeed.
tendency to think that they are endowed with something super-normal,
comes
out
of
the
research
is
that
there
are
great
people
who
have
no
amazing
intellectual
processes.
It's
a
difference
in
degree.
Greatness
is
built
upon
tremendous
amounts
of
study,
practice and devotion.
He cited Winston Churchill, Britain's prime minister during World War II, as an example of a
risk-taker who would never give up. Thrust into office when his country's morale was at its lowest,
Churchill rose brilliantly to lead the British people. In a speech following the Allied evacuation at
Dunkirk in 1940, he inspired the nation when he said,
the end … We shall never surrender.
西蒙顿说，
如果成就巨大者具有什么共性的话，
那就 是一种坚持不懈地追求成功的动力。
“往往有人认为他们具备一些超常非凡的东西，
”
他解释道。
“但研究表明，
有些伟人并没有
惊人的智力
,
有的只是程 度上的差异而已。伟大是建立在大量的学习、实践和献身精神的基
础之上的。
”
他举了二战时期的英国首相温斯顿·
丘吉尔作为永不放弃敢于冒险的典范。
丘
吉尔 在全国士气最为低落的时候被推上了台，并出色地领导了英国人民。在
1940
年盟军敦
刻尔克大撤退之后的一次演讲中，他的话激励了全国人民，
“我们决不会退缩、永不失败。
我 们一定要坚持到底
......
我们永远不会屈服。
”
1
、美国人往往以从事的工作来对人们进行划分。家庭和教育背景这些特点被认为是不
太
重
要
的
。
ans tend to define people by the jobs they have/do. Such charact
eristics as their family and educational backgrounds are considered less i
mportant.
2
、他决 不妥协的个性是他再也无法容忍他的雇主
,
并最终递交了辞职书的原因。
uncompromising personality explains why he could no longer put up
with his employer and eventually submitted his resignation.
3
、
如果你真想学好英语，
你就必须投入大量的时间和精力，
否则你就不会有任 何进步。
对
于
其
他
课
程
也
可
以< br>这
么
说
you really want to learn English well, you must put in a lot of time and
energy, or you'll go nowhere. The same can be said of other subjects.
4
、
有些演 员的名声靠的是他们天生的美貌，
但是达斯汀·
霍夫曼
(Dustin Hoffman)
尽
管身材矮小
(short
stature)
，还是出类拔萃，而使他与众不同的正是他精湛的演技。
actors' fame is built on their innate beauty, but despite his short s
tature, Dustin Hoffman rose above and it is his excellent acting that set hi
m apart.
5
、他负责管理之后，我们发现他与前任
(predecessor)
有明显的不同：他有干劲和激
情
，
想
出
了
很
多
新
点
子
，
并
把
工
作
重
点
放
在
如
何
鼓
舞
我
们
的
士
气
上
。
he took charge, we discovered that there were striking differences
between him and his predecessor
. He had the drive and passion, came up
with many new ideas, and focused his work on how to raise our morale.
6
、当邓小平宣布 中国改革开放政策的时候，他被永远载入了史册。尽管障碍重重，他
以
不
懈
的
努
力
为
我
国
的
现
代
化
作
出
了
永
久
性
的
贡
献
。
D eng Xiaoping made history when he declared China's reform and opening
-
up policy. Despite tremendous obstacles, he made lasting contributions to
our country's modernization with his unrelenting efforts.
7
、
为什么有人 拥有天才级智商却被智商平平但很刻苦的人丢在后面？承认除了智商外，
还
有
很
多
别
的
因
素
与
一
个
人
的
成
就
有
着
很
大
的
关
系
。
could someone with a genius IQ be left behind by a hardworking pe
rson with an average IQ? It has to be acknowledged that besides one's IQ,
many other factors have much to do with one's achievements.
8
、
这位教师真了不起，
她能在教东西之 前调动学生的积极性。
这并不是因为她有天赋，
而是因为她只想着在课堂上吸引他们的注意力。
teacher is really remarkable in first motivating her students so she
can really teach them something. It's not that she is talented, it's that she
focuses completely or drawing their full attention in class.
Some
persons
refrain
from
expressing
their
gratitude
because
they
feel
it
will
not
be
welcome.
A
patient
of
mine,
a
few
weeks
after
his
discharge
from
the
hospital,
came
back
to
thank
his
nurse.
didn't
come
back
sooner,
he
explained,
I
imagined
you
must
be
bored to death with people thanking you.
the
contrary,
she
replied,
am
delighted
you
came.
Few
realize
how
much
we
need encouragement and how much we are helped by those who give it.
Gratitude is something of which none of us can give too much. For on the smiles, the
thanks we give, our little gestures of appreciation, our neighbors build up their philosophy of life.
有些人不愿表达感激之情 ，
因为他们觉得这不会受欢迎。
我的一个病人在出院的后几个星期
回到医院感谢他的护 士。
“我没有早点回来，
”他解释说，
“因为我猜想你们对别人的感激一
定厌 烦得要命。
”
“正好相反，
”她回答说，
“我很高兴你来。很少有 人明白我们多么需要鼓
励，我们从那些鼓励我们的人身上获得了多大的帮助。
”
我们所给予的感激永远不会过多。
因为我们身边的人在构筑他们的人生哲学时所依据的正是这些微笑 ，
正是我们所表示的感谢
以及表示感激的小小的举动。
1
他瞪眼看着约翰，对他拒绝合作感到恼怒。
He glared at John and was annoyed by his refusal to cooperate.
2
约翰真诚的讲话表达了他对那些在他处于困境时给过他慷慨帮助的人们的感激之情。
John's sincere speech shows his gratitude to the people who rendered him generous help when
he was in difficulty.
3
他可说是一个集邮家。他曾经积蓄了两年去买一张珍邮这件事便是证明。
He is something of a stamp collector. The fact that once he saved up for two years to buy a rare
stamp is proof of it.
4
这些玫瑰的美丽怎么评价也不过分。他们以各种方式吸引住了所有的游客。
The beauty of these roses could not be overstated. They took/caught all the visitors
fancy in
one way or another.
5
起先，他 理所当然地认为该地区应当多造一些公路。然而仔细计算其费用后，他在作
出最后决定前又不得不重新考 虑了。
At first he took it for granted that they should build more highways in this area. Then a careful
calculation of the expenditure compelled him to think twice before he made the final decision.
6
每次收到我的礼物，不管多少，我的朋友比尔决不忘记表示感谢。
Each
time
he
receives
a
gift
from
me,
no
matter
how
small,
my
friend
Bill
never
fails
to
acknowledge it.
7
那位新闻记者决定找到那对老夫妻信中提及的年轻人。
那封信赞颂了年轻人为改善他们的< br>生活条件而付出的努力。
The journalist has decided to trace the young man referred to in the old couple's letter, which is a
tribute to the young man's effort at improving their living conditions.
8
虽然他厌烦了那些每天上门来吹嘘其产品的推销员，但他克制着没 有将他们拒之门外。
Though
he
was
fed
up
with
the
salesmen
who
knocked
at
his
door
and
boasted
about
their
products every day, he refrained from slamming the door in their face
The
normal
Western
approach
to
a
problem
is
to
fight
it.
The
saying,
the going
gets tough, the tough get going,
matter what the problem is, or the techniques available for solving it, the frame work produced
by our Western way of thinking is fight. Dr. de Bono calls this vertical thinking: the traditional,
sequential, Aristotelian thinking of logic, moving firmly from one step to the next, like toy blocks
being built one on top of the other. The flaw is, of course, that if at any point one of the steps is
not reached, or one of the toy blocks is incorrectly placed, then the whole structure collapses.
Impasse is reached, and frustration, tension, feeling of fight take over.
Lateral
thinking,
Dr.
de
Bono
says,
is
a
new
technique
of
thinking
about
things
—
a
technique
that
avoids
this
fight
altogether,
and
solves
the
problem
in
an
entirely
unexpected
fashion.
Lateral thinking sounds simple. And it is. Once you have solved a problem laterally, you
wonder
how
you
could
ever
have
been
hung
up
on
it.
The
key
is
making
that
vital
shift
in
emphasis, that sidestepping of the problem, instead of attacking it head-on.
Dr. A. A. Bridger, psychiatrist at Columbia University and in private practice in New York,
explains how lateral thinking works with his patients,
smoking, for instance,
they wind up telling themselves, 'No, I will not smoke; no, I shall not smoke; no, I will not; no, I
cannot…'
a fight and what happens is you end up
smoking more.
whole new point of view
—
that you are your body's keeper, and your body is something through
which you experience life. If you stop to think about it, there's really something helpless about
your body. It can do nothing for itself. It has no choice, it is like a baby's body. You begin then a
whole new way of looking at it
—
'I am going to take care of myself, and give myself some respect
and protection, by not smoking.'
一 般西方人解决问题的方法是与之搏斗。
“事情越困难，硬汉子就越向前”这句话便代表了
这种解 决问题的积极进取的态度。不管是什么问题，或者可以用来解决问题的方法是什么，
我们西方人的思维方 式产生的基本思路总是搏斗。
德·
博诺博士称之为纵向思维；
即传统的、
按顺 序的、
亚里士多德式的逻辑思维，
坚定地从一步移到下一步，
就象玩具积木一块搭在另
一块上。
当然，
它们的缺陷是，
如果在任何时刻其中一步没有达到，
或者一块积木没有放对，
那么整个结构就会坍塌。事情就会陷入僵局，沮丧、紧张、和搏斗的情绪就会笼 罩心头。
横向思维，德·博诺博士说，是对事物进行思考的一种新方法
------
一种完全避免这种拼
搏，用完全出人意料的方式解决问题的方法。
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