河北省秦皇岛2020高考英语阅读理解暑假训练(12)

2021年1月25日发(作者：求职意向英文)
河北省秦皇岛
2020
高考英语阅读理解暑假训练（
12
）

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的
A,B,C
或
D
四个选项中， 选出最佳选项。

Feeling
blue
about
the
world?
“Cheer
up,”
says
science
writer
Matt
Ridley.” The world has never been a better place to live in, and it will
keep on getting better both for humans and for natu
re.”

Ridley
calls
himself
a
rational
optimist
—rational,
because
he’s
carefully
weighed
the
evidence;
optimistic,
because
that
evidence
shows
human
progress
to
be
both
unavoidable
and
good.
And
this
is
what
he’s
set
out
to
prove
from
a unique point of view in his most recent book, The Rational Optimist. He
views mankind as a grand enterprise that, on the whole, has done little but
progress for 100,000 years. He backs his findings with hard facts gathered
through years of research.
Here’s how he explains his
views.
1) Shopping fuels invention
It is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for
sale in London alone. Even allowing for the many people who still live in
poverty,
our
own
generation
has
access
to
more
nutritious
food,
more
convenient
transport,
bigger
houses,
better
cars,
and,
of
course,
more
pounds
and dollars than any who lived before us. This will continue as long as we
use these things to make other things. The more we specialize and exchange,
the better off we’ll be.

2) Brilliant advances
One
reason
we
are
richer,
healthier,
taller,
cleverer,
longer-lived
and
freer
than ever before is that the four most basic human needs
—
food, clothing,
fuel
and
shelter
—
have
grown
a
lot
cheaper.
Take
one
example.
In
1800
a
candle
providing
one
hour’s
light
cost
six
hours’
work.
In
the
1880s
the
same
light
from
an
oil
lamp
took
15
minutes’
work
to
pay
for.
In
1950
it
was
eight
seconds.
Today it’s half second.

3) Let’s not kill ourselves for climate change

Mitigating(
减轻
)
climate
change
could
prove
just
as
damaging
to
human
welfare
as climate change itself. A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village,
where
the
use
of
fossil- fuel(
化
石
燃
烧
)
electricity
is
forbidden
by
well-meaning
members
of
green
political
movements
trying
to
save
the
world,
is just as great
a tragedy
as
a child that
dies in a flood
caused by climate
change. If climate change proves to be mild, but cutting carbon causes real
pain, we may well find that we have stopped a nose-bleed
by putting a
tourniquet(
止血带
) around our necks.
1. What is the theme of Ridley’s most recent book?

A. Weakness of human nature. B. Concern about climate change.
C. Importance of practical thinking. D. Optimism about human progress.
2. How does Ridley look at shopping?
A. It encourages the creation of things. B. It results in shortage of
goods.
C. It demands more fossil fuels. D. It causes a poverty problem.
3. The candle and lamp example is used to show that


.

A. oil lamps give off more light than candles
B. shortening working time brings about a happier life
C. advanced technology helps to produce better candles
D. increased production rate leads to lower cost of goods
4. What does the last sentence of the passage imply?
A. Cutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost.
B. Overreaction to climate change may be dangerous.
C. People’s health is closely related to climate change.

D. Careless medical treatment may cause great pain.
【参考答案】
1-4 DADB




【
2020
界广东省深圳市高三上期末考试】阅读理解

Dear Kind-Trustee-Who-Sends-Orphans-to-College,
Here I am! I traveled yesterday for four hours in a train. It’s a funny
feeling, isn’t it? I never rode in one before.

College is the biggest, most puzzling place
—
I get lost whenever I leave
my
room.
I
will
write
you
a
description
later
when
I’m
feeling
less
confused;
also I will tell you about my lessons. Classes don’t begin until Monday
morning, and this is Saturday night. But I wanted to write a letter first
just to get acquainted.
It seems strange to be writing letters to somebody you don't know. It seems
strange for me to be writing letters at all
—
I've never written more than
three
or
four
in
my
life,
so
please
overlook
it
if
these
are
not
a
model
kind.

Before
leaving
yesterday
morning,
Mrs.
Lippett
and
I
had
a
very
serious
talk.
She
told
me
how
to
behave
all
the
rest
of
my
life,
and
especially
how
to
behave
towards the kind gentleman who is doing so much for me. I must take care to
be very respectful.
But how can one be very respectful to a person who wishes to be called John
Smith? Why couldn’t you have picked out a name with a little personality?
I might as well write letters to Dear Flagpole or Dear Clothes- line.
I
have
been
thinking
about
you
a
great
deal
this
summer;
having
somebody
take
an interest in me after all these years makes me feel as though I had found
a sort of family. It seems as though I belonged to somebody now, and it’s
a
very
comfortable
feeling.
I
must
say,
however,
that
when
I
think
about
you,
my
imagination
has
very
little
to
work
upon.
There
are
just
three
things
that
I know: I, You are tall
. Ⅱ. You are rich. Ⅲ. You hate girls.

I suppose I might call you Dear Mr. Girl-Hater. Only that's rather rude to
me. Or Dear Mr. Rich-Man, but that's rude to you, as though money were the
only important thing
about you. Besides, being rich is such a very external
quality. Maybe you won’t stay rich all your life; lots of very clever men
get broke in Wall Street. But at least you will stay tall all your life! So
I've
decided
to
call
you
Dear
Daddy-Long-
Legs.
I
hope
you
won’t
mind.
It’s
just a private pet name
we won’t tell Mrs. Lippett.

The ten o’clock bell is going to ring in two minutes. Our day is divided
into
sections
by
bells.
We
eat
and
sleep
and
study
by
bells.
It's
very
lifeful.
There it goes! Lights out. Good night.
Observe how precisely I obey rules
—
due to my training in the John Grier
Home.

Yours most respectfully,
Jerusha Abbott
To Mr. Daddy-Long-Legs Smith
本文是一个受 赞助上大学的女孩子给自己的赞助者写的一封信。告诉对方自己刚到
学校，但对学校还不熟悉。写信人的 主旨是想表达自己对赞助人的感谢，但由于根
本不知道对方到底是个什么样的人，在信里作者做了几个猜 测，最后决定称呼对方
Daddy-Long-Legs
Smith
，以此拉近彼此 的距离。并表达了自己对现在有规律的生活
感觉很好。

36. Jerusha felt “confused” because
__________.
A. she had never written to the trustee before
B. she was not familiar with the college yet
C. she could never find the way to her home
D. she had never traveled on a train before
【答案】
B
【解析】细节理解题。作者在第二段第二句说到等她
less confused
的时 候，就会
写一个详细的
description
，结合上一句的主题，这里的
description
是指对大学
的描述。问中还提到作者一出门就迷路，可见，是因为初到 学校，对学校不熟悉，
使作者感到
confused
，因此本题选
B
。

37.
Jerusha
thought
that
she
couldn’t
be very
respectful
to
“John
Smith”
because __________.
A. he was a total stranger to her

identity
C. the name was too common

time
【答案】
B
【解析】细节理解题。第五段第二句中的
pick
out
表明
Jerushar
认为
John
Smith
这个名字 是收信人自己随便挑的，也就是说，她认为这个名字是假的，因此本题应
选
B
。第五段 中，关键词是
pick out
。

38. According to Jerusha, being rich may be __________.
A. tentative

【答案】
A
【解析】细节理解题。
A.< br>实验性的，暂停的，踌躇的；
B.
不可思议的，难以想象的；
C.
传统 的，惯例的；
D.
粗鲁的，狂暴的。
Jerusha
讲了即使在华尔街的很多 聪明人
都会遇到破产（
get broke
）
,
所以在她看来，富有 不一定会是一辈子的事情，可能
会遇到变故而变得不富有，因此本题选
A
。其它三个选 项都不是
Jerusha
的想法。

B. unimaginable
C. traditional
D. rude
D. nobody would like to be called that
B.
she
was
sure
it
was
a
false