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GMAT阅读 解析 5 by 申友Alice老师

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-01-26 00:56
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2021年1月26日发(作者:大个子)
Passage 5

After evidence was obtained in
the 1920s that the universe is
expanding, it became
reasonable to
ask
: Will the universe continue to expand indefinitely, or is there enough
mass in it for the mutual attraction of its constituents to bring this expansion to a halt?
//
提出问题宇宙是否会一直持续扩大下去还是会停止。
It can be calculated
that the
critical density
(临界密度)
of matter
needed to brake the expansion and ―close‖ the
universe
is equivalent to three hydrogen atoms per cubic meter .
//
回答问题,
当临界密
度为一立方米中三个氢原子重量时,
则可 以停止。
But
the density of the
observable
universe
(对应后文看不见的宇宙部分)

luminous matter in the form of galaxies
(插入语解释说明,可略读)

comes to only a fraction of
this
(注意代词的指代
内容:
临界密度,
一立方米中三个氢原子重量)
. If the expansion of the universe is
to stop, there must be enough
invisible matter
in the universe to exceed the luminous
matter in density by a factor of roughly 70.
//
转折,
看得见的宇宙的密度只是临界密
度的一部 分。因此,可以预测下段会探讨看不见的宇宙部分。


Our
contribution

to
the
search
forthis
“missing matter”
(上一段中
invisible
matter
的同义转换)
has been to study the
rotational velocity
of galaxies at various distances
from their center of rotation.
//
总述寻找宇宙中是否存在看不见的部分。
It has been
known
for
some
time
that
outside
the
bright
nucleus
of
a
typical

spiral
galaxyluminosity
(重点信息词,可用于回文定位)
falls
off
rapidly
with
distance

from the center.
(实际情况)

If
luminosity
were a true indicator of mass, most of the
mass would
be concentrated toward the center
.
(理论情况)
//
通过光度和距离来 探
讨是否存在看不见的宇宙部分;
实际情况是螺旋星系的光度随着距离的增加而下
降符 合理论情况光

向中心




明存在
物 质

Outside
the
nucleus
the
rotational velocity
(重点信息词,可用于回文定位)
would decrease
geometrically

with distance
from the center,

in conformity with Kepler’s law.
(理论情况)
Instead
we have
found that

the rotational
velocity
in
spiral galaxies
either remains constant
with increasing distance
from the center
or increases slightly
.

实际情况 )
//
依据转动
速度和距离探讨是否存在看不见的部分;
实际情况是螺旋星系 的转动速度随着距
离的增加保持不变或小幅增加,不同于理论上的转动速度随距离下降。
Thi s
unexpected
result
indicates
that
the
falloff
in
luminous
mass
(上文中
observable
universe
的同义转换)
with
distance
from
the
center
is
balanced
by

an
increase
in
nonluminous mass

invisible matter

missing matter
的同义转换)
.
//
因为实际
情况和理论的不同,得出结论宇宙中存在看不见的部分。


Our findings
suggest that

发现结果的推论)
as much as 90 percent of the mass of the
universe is not radiating at any wavelength with enough intensity to be detected on the
Earth. Such dark matter could be in the form of extremely dim stars of low mass, of
large planets like Jupiter, or of black holes, either small or massive.
//
通过发现的结果,< br>推断出宇宙中百分之九十的物质是看不见的。
While
it has
not
yet been
determined

whether
this
mass
is
sufficient
to
close
the
universe,
some
physicists
consider

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