英国人的饮食习惯及英文介绍

2021年1月26日发(作者：writeoff)
英国人的饮食习惯及英文介绍

In the UK we have many different names for mealtimes, including ‘Breakfast’,
‘Brunch’, ‘Elevenses’, ‘Lunch’, ‘Tea’, ‘Dinner’ and ‘Supper’! What
people eat and when can vary greatly
–
in some parts of the UK, people may eat
their meals at diff
erent times, and in some parts of the UK, ‘dinner’ means
‘lunch’, and ‘supper’ means ‘dinner’!

在英国，一天中的几顿饭都有它们各自的名字，比如
break fast
早餐，
brunch
早午餐，
ele
venses
午前茶，
lunch
午餐，
tea
下午茶，
dinner
（ 晚餐，正餐），
supper
晚饭。什么时候
该吃什么区别大着呢，
在英国的 某些地区，
人们是在这几个不同的时间点吃饭，
而在另一些
地方，
dinne r
指的是
lunch
，
supper
就是
dinner。


Although this may seem very confusing (and it is, even for British people!), ma
ny of the names are very old-
fashioned, and not often used. ‘Elevenses’ and
‘Tea’ are examples of two old
-fashioned snacks that are rarely eaten today.
‘Elevenses’
is eaten at 11:00 am, consisting of cake or biscuits with a cup o
f tea or coffee. Two traditional characters from English children’s books, Win
nie the Pooh and Paddington Bear, used to always ‘take Elevenses’!
‘Tea’
is
a very similar meal, and a British tradition, which involves snacking on cakes,
with a cup of tea, and is normally eaten between 4:30 and 5:30 pm. 看起来貌似复杂得很
（事实正是如此，
即使对于英国人来说也一样）
，
很 多叫法都早已过时，
不怎么被人使用。比如
elevenses
和
tea，这两道茶点现在几乎没什么人享用了。
Elevense
s
一般是在上午
11
：
00
，包括一杯一杯茶或咖啡就着蛋糕和饼干吃。童话书《小熊维尼》和《帕丁顿熊》里的两位传统的小主角一直保留着吃午餐前茶点的习惯。
Tea
下午茶相当于 一
小顿饭，
按照英国传统，
这一餐需要一杯茶伴着一些蛋糕佐食，
时间一般是 下午
4
：
30
到
5
：
30
之间。


However because people tend to have busy lifestyles in contemporary Britain, we
only eat three main meals each day
–
called breakfast, lunch and dinner.
但由于现在的英国人的生活通常很忙碌 ，他们一般一天只吃三顿主餐，分别叫
breakfast
，
lunch
和< br>dinner
。


Nowadays, people usually eat breakfast between 7:00 am and 9:00 am. Breakfast i
s considered a very important meal, and is essential to having a good start to
the day. In fact, once a year there is a weekly campaign called ‘Think Breakfa
st’ to encourage people to eat better breakfast! The word ‘Breakfast’ comes
from an old-fashioned
phrase
‘breaking the fast’ (a ‘fast’
means not eating
for a long period of time). So breakfast literally means eating again for the f
irst time after sleeping through the night. < br>英国人每天吃早餐的时间为早上
7
点到
9
点之间，
早餐应是一 天中非常重要的一餐，
“一日
之计在于早餐”。事实上，这里每年都会举行一次为期一周的名为 “想想早餐”的运动，旨
在鼓励大家都要吃好早餐。
Breakfast
这个单词源于 古语“breaking the fast”（
fast
的
意思是斋戒，禁食一段时 间），因此，早餐
breakfast
的字面意思就是经过一夜睡眠之后
的首次进食。


A traditional English breakfast includes sausages, bacon, fried eggs, mushrooms,
baked beans, fried tomatoes, and toast with butter. However, these days most p
eople don’t eat a traditional breakfast every day, or even at all. This is bec
ause it is very unhealthy, and many people don’
t have time to cook. These days,
most people eat a bowl of cereal (made from grains like corn, wheat and oats)
with milk, or have a slice of toast with butter. In fact, in the UK the average
person eats about 6 kilos of cereal every year
–
this is much more than most
European countries. In the win
ter many people eat a hot cereal called ‘porridg
e’, which is made from oats. This is especially popular in Scotland.

传统的英式早餐包括香肠，培根，煎蛋，蘑菇， 烤豆角，煎西红柿以及面包黄油。但现代多
数人不会每天都这么吃，
或者说根本不这么吃。一方面是因为这样的早餐不够健康，
另一方
面还因为很多人没时间做这样的早餐。
现在，
很多人都吃一碗加了牛奶的谷物粥
（各种谷物
像是玉米，
小麦和燕麦） ，
或是一片摸了黄油的面包。英国人每年人均要吃掉大约
6
公斤的
谷物粥，这 个数字远远大于许多欧洲国家。冬天，多数英国人会吃一种燕麦做的，叫
porri
dge的热谷物粥，在苏格兰地区尤为流行。


Lunch is normally eaten between 12:00 pm and 2:00 pm. Because school-children a
nd people at work are very busy, this is normally a quick meal. In fact, many p
arents give t
heir children a ‘packed lunch’ in a plastic ‘lunch
-
box’. This
usually consists of a sandwich (two slices of bread with a filling inside, norm
ally cheese or meat with some lettuce) and a packet of crisps, a piece of fruit
and a drink.
午餐时间通常是中午
12
点到下午
2
点之间，由于孩子们要上学、大人要上班，所以这一餐
通常 是很快就解决的。通常，许多家长会给孩子们用塑料午餐盒带“便当”吃，便当一般是
一块三明治（两片 面包中间加些馅料，通常是芝士或者肉再加些生菜），一袋薯片，一份水
果和一瓶饮料。


However, on Sunday people usually have a longer and larger lunch called ‘Sunda
y lunch’. It is a time that people like to spend with their family, and
usuall
y consists of a roast meat (like chicken, beef, lamb or pork), served with roas
t potatoes, Yorkshire pudding, vegetables and gravy (a thin sauce which is eate
n with the meat).
但一到星期天，
英国人通常会慢慢享 受一顿丰盛的午餐，
这顿午餐就叫
“Sunday lunch”周
末午餐。这一餐是 人们和家人一起，吃的是烤肉（像是鸡肉，牛肉，羊羔肉或猪肉），烤土
豆，约克郡布丁，蔬菜和肉汤。


Dinner is eaten in the evening. Children usually eat this earlier, at about 6:3