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常见的英文读法

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-01-26 02:16
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2021年1月26日发(作者:amongst)
Pronunciation of Numerals
数词的读法



als and Ordinals
基数和序数



(1)100
以内的数词


基数

序数


Roman Arabic

Numerals Numerals
罗马数字

I
II
III
IV
V

VI
VII
VIII

IX
X

XI
XII
XIII
XIV
XV

XVI
XVII
XVIII
XIX
XX
XXI

XXV
XXX
XL

L

LX

LXX

LXXX

XC

阿拉伯数字

1
2
3
4
5

6

7

8

9
10
11
12

13

14
15
16

17

18

19
20
21
25
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
读法

one
two
three
four
five
six

seven

eight

nine
ten
eleven
twelve
thirteen

fourteen

fifteen

sixteen

seventeen

eighteen
nineteen

twenty

twenty-one
twenty-five
thirty
forty
fifty

sixty

seventy

eighty
ninety
数码

1st

2nd
3rd
4th

5th
6th
7th
8th
9th

10th
11th
12th

13th

14th

15th
16th
17th
18th
19th
20th
21st
25th

30th

40th
50th
60th
70th
80th
90th
读法

the first
the second
the third

the fourth

the fifth
the sixth

the seventh
the eighth
the ninth

the tenth
the eleventh

the twelfth
the thirteenth
the fourteenth
the fifteenth

the sixteenth
the seventeenth
the eighteenth
the nineteenth

the twentieth
the twenty-first
the twenty-fifth

the thirtieth
the fortieth

the fiftieth
the sixtieth
the seventieth
the eightieth

the ninetieth
IC

C

CII

CD

D

DCCCLXXXVIII

M
MCD
MDCCCXCIX

MCM
MCMXCII
V
X
L
C
D
M
99
100

102
400
500
888
1,000
1,400
1,899
1,900
1,992
5,000
10,000
50,000
100,000
500,000
1,000,000
ninety-nine
one hundred
















99th
100th
















the ninety-ninth
the hundredth
the (one) hundred and second















a hundred and two

102nd
MMMDCCCLXXXVIII
3,888
[
附注
]
拼写规则

罗马数字共有
7
个, 即
I(1)

V(5)

X(10)

L(50)

C(100)

D(500)

M(1000)
。按照下述的
规则可以表示任意正整数。

重复数次:
1
个罗马数字重复几次,就表示这个数的几倍。


右加左减:


在一个较大的罗马数字的右边记上一个较小的罗马数字,表示大数字加小数字。


在一个较大的罗马数字的左边记上一个较小的罗马数字,表示大数字减小数字。

< br>但是,左减不能跨越一个位数。比如,
99
不可以用
IC
表示,而是用
XCIX
表示。
(等同于
阿拉伯数字每位数字分别表示)


例如:
999 = 900+90+9 = CM+XC+IX = CMXCIX

此外,左减数字不能超过
1
位,比如
8
写成
VIII
,而非
IIX



同理,右加数字不能超过
3
位,比如
14
写成
XIV
,而非
XIIII



加线乘千:

1
个罗马数字的上方加上
1
条横线 或者在右下方写
M

表示将这个数乘以
1000

即是原数 的
1000
倍。


同理,如果上方有
2
条横线, 即是原数的
1000000
倍。


例外:由于
IV
是古罗马神话主神朱庇特(
IVPITER
,古罗马字母没有
J

U
)的首字,因
此有时用
IIII
代替
IV




(2)1000
以上的数词


1,000 = one thousand
一千


10,000 = ten thousand
一万


100,000 = one hundred thousand
十万


1,000,000 = one million
一百万


10,000,000 = ten million
一千万


100,000,000=one hundred million
一亿



(3)
十亿以上的大数,英美有不同的读法:


英国

美国


十亿

one thousand million = one billion

百亿

ten thousand million = ten billion

千亿

one hundred thousand million = one hundred billion

万亿

one billion = one trillion


ons
分数



通常将分子读为基数,将分母读为序数。


1/2 = a (or one) half

1/3 = a (or one) third

1/4 = a quarter or one fouth

1/5 = a (or one) fifth

2/3 = two thirds

9/10 = nine tenths

53/4 = five and three quarters

15/64= fifteen over (or by) sixty-four

15% = fifteen per cent

4‰ = four per mill


ls
小数



0.4 = zero (or nought) point four

.01 = point (or decimal) nought one

12.34 = twelve point three four

567.809 = five hundred and sixty- seven point eight nought nine

30.45 = thirty point four five, five recurring

0.3% = decimal three percent


atic Forms
数学式



(1) Addition
加法


1+2=3 One and two are three.

2+3=5 Two plus three equals five.

4+0=4 Four and nought is equal to four.

45+70+152=267 45,70 and 152 added are (or make) 267

the sum (or total) is 267.

演算时的读法:

Three and seven are ten; I write(or I write down,or I put down)a nought

and carry one. Four and one that I carry are five, and eight make thirteen,and three

sixteen; I write down six and carry one. One and one (that I carry) are two; I put down

two.- The sum (or total, or the result of the addition) is two hundred and sixty. 37,80

and 143 added together, and(or make) 260.


(2)Subtraction
减法


9-4=5 Nine minus four equals (or is equal to) five.

15-7=8 Seven from fifteen leaves eight.

23,654-8,175=15,479 8,175 (take or subtracted) from 23,654 leaves 15,479. The difference

(or The remainder) is 15,479.

Nine from five won`t go.

演算时的读法:
Nought from nought (leaves) nought. One from one leaves nought (or nothing).

Two from three (leaves) one. I can`t take (or subtract) five from four; I must borrow ten;

five from fourteen leaves nine.- The difference (or The remainder) is nine thousand one

hundred. 5210 (take or substracted) from 14,310 leaves 9,100.


(3)Multiplication
乘法



0=0 One multiplied by nought equals nought.


1=1 Once one is one.


1=2 Twice one is two.


5=15 Three times five is fifteen


0=0 Multiply six by nothing, and the result is nothing.

演算时的读法
: Five times nine (or Nine multiplied by five) are forty-five; I put down five

and carry four. Five times seven are thirty-five and four (that I carry) are thirty-nine; I write

down nine and carry three. Five times six make thirty and three (that I carry) thirty-three; I put

down thirty-three.

Eight times nine (or Eight nine) are seven two; I write two and carry seven. Eight sevens make

fifty-six and seven are sixty-three. I put down three and carry six. Eight sixes make forty-eight

and six fifty-four; I write down fifty-four.

I now add the partial results (or products) Five. Two and nine are eleven. Three and three are

six and one are seven. Four and three make seven. Five.


(4)Division
除法



3=3 Nine divided by three maks (or is equal to) three.

20÷
5=4 Five into twenty goes four times.

4567÷
23=198

13 23 into 4567 goes 198 times, and 13 remainder.

The quctient is 198, and 13 remainder.

演算时的读法
: Fifteen into thirteen won`t go fifteen into one hundred and thirty-eight goes nine

times; nine times fifteen are one hundred and threty-five; one hundred and thirty- five from one
hundred

and thirty- eight leaves three; I bring down seven; fifteen into thirty-seven goes twice; twice fifteen

are thirty; thirty from thirty-seven leaves seven.

The
(exact)
quotient
is
ninety-two,
and
seven
remainder;
15
into
1387
goes
92
times,
and
7
remainder.



时间



(1)Hours
钟点


2h.5'8
小时
5

8



6.18 = six eighteen 6

18



8.30 a.m.= eight thirty a.m.['ei 'em]
上午
8

30



the 6.05 = the six (nought) five p.m.['pi:'em] train
下午
6
时零
5
分列车


又二十四小时混合制的写法和读法如下:


0900 = 0 nine hunderd (
上午
)9



0910 = 0 nine ten (
上午
)9

10



1300 = thirteen hundred 13

(
下午
1

)

1525 = fifteen twenty-five 15

25

(
下午< br>3

25

)

2000 = twenty hundred 20

(
下午
8

)

at 5 o'c =at five o'clock
五点钟



(2)Date
日期


Oct.1 =October first 10

1



Oct.1st = October the first 10

1



Ist Oct. 1949 = teh first of October, nineteen forty-nine 1949

10

1



3/5 = [

]May (the) third 5

3
日;
[

]March fifth 3

5



[
附注
]
联系日期前置词用
on.


(3)Year
年份


684 B.C. =Six eighty-four B.C. ['bi:'si:]
公元前
684



1960 = nineteen sixty; nineteen hundred and sixty

19- nineteen something

1950's nineteen fifties
二十世纪五十年代


[
附注
]
联系年份的前置词用
in.



s
号码



(1)Telephones Numbers

电话号码


1023 = one O two three; ten twenty-three

1227 = one double two (or two two) seven

0386 = O three eight six

0096 = double O(or O O )nine six

7000 = seven O double O = seven thousand

No.26= Number 26

26



Room 201 = Room two O one

201
房间


10 Changan Street = Ten Changan Street
长安街
10




(2)Writings
书籍作品


V
ol.I = Volume one (or the first volume)
卷一


= Chapter two (or the second chapter)

2



Page 3 = page Three (or the third page)

3



See pp.5-10 = See Pages five to ten
见第
5-10



Act V = Act five (or the fifth act)

5



Hamlet III 1:56 = Hamlet Act Three, Secene fifty-six
《哈姆雷特》

3
幕第一场第
56



Matt.7:12 = Matthew, Chapter Seven, Verse Twelve
《马可福音》第七章第
12



Beethoven Op.49 = Beethoven Opus forty-nine
贝多芬作品第
49



4to = quarto
四本开

8vo = octavo
八本开



(3)Other
其他


World War I = World War One
第一次世界大战


World War II = World War Two
第二次世界大战


Charles I= Charles the First
查理一世


Henry V = Henry the Fifth
亨利五世


Mr.- = Mr. Dash; Mr. So-and-so
某某先生


Mr.B - = Mr. B

-Esq.,of -= the town of Blank Esquire of Blank University
某大学某某先生


the town of = the town of Blank
某某城


The result of the game was 3-0
比赛结果是三比零。



货币



(1)British currency
英币


6d. = six pence
六便士


1/2d. = a halfpenny
半便士


11/2d. = a peney halfpenny or three halfpeny or three halfpence
一便士半


1/4d. = a farthing
一个铜元


33/4d.= three pence three farghings
三便士三铜元


1s.6d.(or 1/6) = one (shilling) and six (pence)
一先令六便士



1.18 = (or

1.18s.)= one pound eighteen (shillings)
一镑十八先令



1.3s.6d. = one pound, three shillings (and) sixpence

4/51/2(or4s.51/2d.) = four (shillings) and five pence halfpenny


(2)U.S. currency

?
1.20 dollar (and) twenty (cents)
美金一元二角


?
4.25 = four dollars twenty-five cents
美金四元二角五分



(3)Soviet currency
前苏联币


6 Rb. 15 = six roubles fifteen kopecks
六卢布十五戈比



(4) German currency
德币


1 m. 60 = one mark sixty pfennig -
马克六十芬尼



(5)French currency
法国币


1 fr.30 = one franc. thirty (centimes) -
法郎三十生丁


0 fr.15 = fifteen centimes
十五生丁



(6) Chinese People's Currency
人民币


?
1.50 = one yuan and a half
一元五角


JMP 10.35 = JMP ten yuan thirty-five (fen)
人民币十元三角五分


附注:
yuan
单复数没有变化:
?
也可作为日本本位币



的符号。




8. Weight and Measures
度量衡



(1)length,area, and volume
长度、面积和容积


3 in = three inches
三英寸


15 ft.5 in = fifteen foot five (inches)
十五英尺五英寸


[
附注
]
尤其在
inches
省略时
, ft.
读作
foot;
如果
inches
也念出来,
ft
可以读作
fett.

18'6 5/1

10×
8feet= ten by eight feet
十英尺长,八英尺宽


5

31/2 = five inches by four by three and a half
长五英寸,宽四英寸,高三英寸半


[
附注
]
以上二例中,乘号
×
表示面积或容积。



(2)Weight
重量


12 dr. 23 gr.= Twelve drams twenty-three grains
十二打兰二十三喱


10 oz. 4 dr. = Ten ounces four drams
十盎司打兰



(3)Capacity
容量


3 gi. = three gills
三及耳


1 qt. 1 pt = one quart one pint
一夸脱一品脱


[
附注
] qt.,pt.
的复数是
qts.,pts.,
也可以不加
s.

20 gal. 5 qt. =Twenty gallons five quarts
二十加仑五夸脱


5 bu. 3 pk. = Five bushels three pecks
五蒲式耳三配克


符号的英文读法





period
句号


≈ is approximately equal to
约等于号




comma
逗号




is less than
小于号




colon
冒号




is more than
大于号




semicolon
分号




is not less than
不小于号




exclamation
惊叹号




is not more than
不大于号




question mark
问号


≤ is less than or equal to
小于或等于号




hyphen
连字符


≥ is more than or equal to
大于或等于号


' apostrophe
省略号


;所有格符号




per cent
百分之


- dash
破折号


‰ per mill
千分之


' ' single quotation marks
单引号


∞ infinity
无限大号


double quotation marks
双引号




varies as


成比例


( ) parentheses
圆括号


√ (square) root
平方根


[ ] square brackets
方括号




since; because
因为






French quotes
法文引号
;
书名号




hence
所以


... ellipsis
省略号




equals, as (proportion)
等于,成比例


¨
tandem colon
双点号




angle



ditto
双点号


?

semicircle
半圆



parallel
双线号


?

circle





virgule
斜线号


○ circumference
圆周




ampersand = and

π pi
圆周率




swung dash
代字号




triangle
三角形


§
section; division
分节号


?

perpendicular to
垂直于


→ arrow
箭号;参见号




union of
并,合集




plus
加号;正号


∩ intersection of
交,通集




minus
减号;负号


∫ the integral of …
的积分


±
plus or minus
正负号


( ∑ sigma) summation of
总和


×
is multiplied by
乘号


°
degree



÷
is divided by
除号


′ minute





is equal to
等于号


″ second



≠ is not eq
ual to
不等于号




number …



≡ is equivalent to
全等于号




Celsius system
摄氏度




is equal to or approximately equal to
等于或约等于号




at
单价

R’ R prime

R” R double prime, R second prime

R1 R sub one

100°
C one hundred degrees Centigrade

+ plus; positive

- minus; negative

′ multiplied by; times

? divided by

±
plus or minus

= is equal to; equals

o is identically equal to

? is approximately equal to

( ) round brackets; parentheses

[ ] square brackets

{ } braces

a
>>
b a is much greater than b

a3 b a is greater than or equal to b

aμ b a varies directly as b

lognX logX to the base n

the cubic root of x

the nth root of x

x2 x square, x squared, the square of x

Xn X to n factors; the nth power of x; x to the power n

x -8 x to the minus eighth power

? x? the absolute value of x

the mean value of X

the sum of the terms indicated; summation of

D x or d x the increment of x

dx differential x

dy/dx the first derivative of y with respect to x

ò
integral



infinity

1/2 a half; one half

2/3 two thirds

5/123 five over a hundred and twenty-three

eight and three over fourths; eight and three quarters

0.01 O point O one; zero point zero one; nought point nought one

6 % 6 percent

3‰ 3 per mille

2 : 3 the ratio of two to three

r=xd r equals x multiplied by d

5′ 2=10 five times two equals ten

x3/8=y2 x raised to the third power divided by eight equals y squared

(a+b-
c′ d)/e=f a plus b minus c multiplied by d, all divided by e equals f

y = (Wt-W)/x y equals W sub t minus W over x
幂次方通常用
power
表示
.
例 如
:10

7
次方
:the seventh power of ten

ten to the seventh power.

任何一 个数都可以表示成
X
乘以
10

Y
次方
,

X
times
the
Yth(
或根据情况改为
nd,
rd)
power of ten.

a
的平方:
a square or a squared

a
的立方:
a cube or b cubed

a

4
次方:
a to the fourth

a

-1
次方:
a to the minus one

log a: common logarithm

ln a: natural logarithm

f(a): the function of a

|a|: the absolute value of a

sin: sine

cos: cosine

tan: tangent

ctg: cotangent

sec: secant

csc: cosecant

n!: the factorial of n


公理

axiom


定理

theorem


计算

calculation


运算

operation


证明

prove


假设

hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)


命题

proposition


算术

arithmetic




plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)


被加数

augend, summand


加数

addend




sum




minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.)


被减数

minuend


减数

subtrahend




remainder




times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)


被乘数

multiplicand, faciend


乘数

multiplicator




product




divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)


被除数

dividend


除数

divisor




quotient


等于

equals, is equal to, is equivalent to


大于

is greater than


小于

is lesser than

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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