2012年安徽省高考英语词汇解释说明

2021年1月26日发(作者：减振垫)
2012
年安徽省高考英语考试说明新增词汇

1. accompany

v
.
①陪伴
,
陪同

e.g. He was accompanied by his wife on the trip.
他那次旅行由妻子陪伴的。

②带有
,
配有

e.g. A
series of color photographs accompanies the text.

③为
…
伴奏


accompany sb. at/on sth.
为某人伴唱或伴奏


2. accountant

n
.
会计员（师）

=A
person whose job is to control and examine the money accounts of businesses or people.


































3. address

n
.
①地址


②电脑上的位置
,
地址


③演说
,
讲话

v.
①在信封
,
包裹上写姓名
,
地址

e.g. There is a letter addressed to you.



②向
…
讲话
e.g. He addressed the audience in an eloquent speech.
他向听众发表了雄辩的演说。




③称呼
…

e.g. The president should be addressed as “Mr. President”.

【联想】

addressee

n.
收信人
,
收件人


4. attach

v
.
系，绑，固定，连接，附着

①
attach sb. to sth.
使参加
,
使属于

e.g. I got lost so I attached myself to another party of tourists.
②
attach importance/significance to
重视
,
认为
…
有重要性

e.g. She attaches great importance to regular exercise.
③
attach to sth.
属于
,
与
…
有关连

e.g. No blame attaches to him for the accident.
④
be attached to
喜欢
,
依恋

e.g. I am deeply attached to this old car.
【联想】
attachment

n.
附属物
,
依恋


5. authentic
adj.

①真迹的
,
原作的
,
真的

e.g. Is that an authentic Roman statue, or a modern copy?
②可靠的


e.g. an authentic testimony(
证词
)
【联想】
artificial

adj.

人造的，假的


e.g. This product is all natural; it contains no artificial ingredient.

这种产品是天然的，不含任何人造成分


6. available
adj
.
可获得的；可用的；可看见的

e.g. I am sorry, sir, those shoes are not available in your size.



Every available ambulance was rushed to the scene of the accident.



We want to make our product available to a wider market.
反义词
: unavailable


7. awesome

adj
.
令人惊叹的
,
很好的
,
给力的

= brilliant
e.g. Hey, I have just bought this awesome new CD.
嘿，我刚买了这张极好玩的新唱片。


8. awful

adj
.
①糟糕的
,
可怕的
e.g. The pain was awful.
②非常的
,
很大的

e.g. I’ve got an awful lot of work to do.

【联想】
awfully

adv.

非常



awfully cold




awfully nice

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9. bargain

v.

讨价还价

e.g. She bargained with fishmonger over the price.

他与鱼贩讲讲价钱。

【用法】
bargain with sb. for sth.
与某人关于某物讨价还价

n.
廉价商品

e.g. These toys are a real bargain at such low price.

这些玩具的价格这么便宜，真划得来。


10. bid

v.


①
bid for
出价
,
投标



e.g. He bid
＄
10 for an old book at the auction.
②向某人致问候
,
告别语

e.g. He bade me good morning as he passed.
③
bid sb. do sth.
命令某人做某事

e.g. She bade him enter.
④
bid to
邀请


e.g. guests bidden to a wedding

11. biochemistry
n
.
生物化学

=the scientific study of the chemistry of living things
e.g. My brother is majoring in biochemistry at this university.

我弟弟在大学攻读生物化学
.

12. blame
v.

责备
,
把
…
归咎于

e.g. Don’t blame me if it doesn’t work
---
it’s not my fault.

①
blame something on somebody=blame somebody for something
e.g. They blamed the failure of the talks on the Russians.
=They blamed the Russians for the failure of the talks.
②
be to blame for
应为
…
承担责任；该为
…
受责备

e.g. The children were not to blame for the accident.

13. bound

adj
.
①有可能的
,
肯定的

e.g. It’s bound to rain soon.

②有义务的
,
受
…

约束的

e.g. She th
inks it is a crazy idea, and I’m bound to say I agree with her.

③
be bound up with
有赖于
,
与
…

有关系

e.g. His future is closely bound up with that of the company.
④
I will be bound

我确定，我敢肯定

n
.
跳跃


in leaps and bounds
突飞猛进

e.g. With one bound, he was over the wall.











Jill’s making excellent progress; she’s coming along in leaps and bounds.

v
.
跳跃

e.g. The dog bounded down the hill.
adj
. bound for
正在前往
…

途中的

e.g. We boarded a plane bound for New Y
ork.

14. brick

n.

砖块，砖头

e.g. It is not enough to have only bricks for building a house
建房仅有砖块还很不够。

【用法】
be up against a brick wall
遇到难以逾越的障碍




make bricks without straw
做无米之炊


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15. buddhism

n
.

佛教

e.g.
One
of
the
major
schools
of
Buddhism,
active
in
Japan,
Korea,
Nepal,
Mongolia,
and
China,
which
teaches social concern and universal salvation.

大乘佛教佛教的主要流派之一
,
流传于日本、朝鲜、尼泊尔、蒙古和中国
,
教导人们关心社会和普渡众生。


16. cafeteria
n
. (
常设在商店
,< br>工厂
,
学校中的
)
自助餐厅
(
食堂
)

17. calculate
v.

计算，估算，估计

e.g. They use a computer to calculate the cost of wages as a percentage of the company’s income.



①
be calculated to do sth.
旨在
,
打算，适于做
…


e.g. The new system is hardly calculated to make life easier.

②
calculate on
指望

e.g We calculated on an early start.

18. cast
v
.
①掷，扔，抛
e.g. The fishermen cast their nets into the sea.
②投射
e.g. The evening sun cast long shadows.
③分派扮演角色
e.g. The director cast me as a made scientist.
④投票
e.g. The TV news showed the vice-president casting his vote.

cast light on
使人们明白





cast doubt on
使产生怀疑


cast one
’
s net wide
想尽方法寻找
,
千方百计搜罗

e.g. If we want the best person for the job, we must cast our net as wide as possible by advertising in all the
papers.
cast sb. away
（一般用被动语态）因船失事而使漂流

e.g. We were cast away on an island without food or water.
n
. (
一部戏或影片中的
)
演员，演员阵容



e.g. The cast is/are waiting on the stage.

19. Christian

n
.
基督徒

adj
.
基督教的，基督徒的



e.g. Christmas and Easter are Christian festivals.
He is an earnest Christian.

20. commit
v.

犯（错误，罪行）
；干（坏事等）

to commit a suicide/murder/sin(
罪
)


使承担义务
,
作出保证

e.g. The government has committed itself to improving health education.
【联想】
commitment
n.
承诺；忠诚

e.g. Come and look round our shop without commitment to buy anything.
The company’s success would not have been possible without the commitment and dedication of the staff.

committed

adj
.
献身的
,
忠诚的
;
作出明确许诺的

e.g. She’s very committed to her job.

The gov
ernment is firmly committed to its nuclear energy programme, and it’s very unlikely to change its policy.


21. competence=competency=capability
n
.
能力

e.g. I’m worried about his attitude to the job: his competence (as a designer) is not in question.

我只担心他对那项工作的态度
,
他（作为设计者）的能力是不成问题的。

反义词
: incompetence
【联想】
competent
adj
.
有能力的，胜任的，称职的

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