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省略句(
elliptical sentences
)
定义:< br>省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法的分析,句子应该具备的成分,有时出于修辞上的需要,
为了避免重复、突出新信息使上下文紧密连接的修辞手段。
省略的部分:
单词、短语、分句,都可以省略,而且各有一定的衔接关系,不容臆断
一、哪些部分可以省略
(一)省略单词
1
、省略介词
He spent four hours (in) going over his lessons.
他花了四个小时复习功课。
I ' ve studied Eng1ish (for) five years.
我已学五年英语了。
2
、省略连词
I believe (that) you will succeed
.
我相信你们会成功的。
It ' s a pity (that) he ' s leaving.
他要走,真遗憾。
I ' m sure (that) she will help you.
我肯定她会帮你的。
3
、省略关系代词
I ' ll give you all (that) I have.
我要把我所有的一切都给你。
He read the book (which) I got yesterday.
他看过我昨天买的书了。
二、省略句子成分
1
、省略主语
Beg your pardon.
(我)请你原谅。
(
Beg
前省略了主语
I
)
Take care!
当心!
(
Take
前省略了主语
you
)
Looks as if it will rain.
看起来象要下雨。
(
Looks
前省略了主语
it
)
2
、省略谓语
Who next?
该谁了?(
Who
后面省略了谓语
comes
)
The river was deep and the ice thin.
(
ice
后面省略了
was
)
We ' ll do the best we can.
我们将尽力而为。
(
can
后面省略了动词
do
)
3
、省略表语
Are you ready? Yes, I am.
你准备好了吗?
我准备好了。
(
am
后面省略了
ready
)
He was a lover of sports as he had been in his youth.
他还是象年轻时那样,
是一位运动爱好者。
(
had been
后
面省略了
a lover of sports
)
4
、省略宾语
Let ' s do the dishes. I ' ll wash and you ' ll dry.
让我们洗碗吧,我来洗,你来揩干。
(
wash
和
dry
后面省略
了宾语
dishes
)
5
、省略定语
He spent part of the money, and the rest he saved.
那钱他花了部分,
其余的他都存了起来。
(
the rest
后面省
略了定语
of the money
)
6
、省略状语
He was not hurt. Strange!
他没有受伤,真奇怪!
(
Strange
前面省略了状语
how
)
二、什么句式中可以省略
1.
简单句中的省略:
< br>在对话中,
交谈双方都知道谈论的对象,
则可以省略句子的主语,
省略主语和谓 语
的现象在交际用语中出现的很多。
如省略
it
和
主语
I
(
1
)
Looks like rain.
(
it
)
(
2
)
Hope to hear from you soon.
(I)
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