英语选修六Unit1课文翻译

2021年1月26日发(作者：ligo)
高二人教新课标选修
6 unit 1 Art
课文
翻译



Reading 1


A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING


Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in
Western
art
have
changed
many
times.
As
there
are
so
many
different
styles
of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such
a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most
important ones, starting from the sixth century AD.


The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD)


During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent
religious
themes.
A
conventional
artist
of
this
period
was
not
interested
in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at
this
time
was
full
of
religious
symbols,
which
created
a
feeling
of
respect
and
love
for
God.
But
it
was
evident
that
ideas
were
changing
in
the
13th
century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious
scenes in a more realistic way
.
www
.


The Renaissance (15th to 16th century)


During
the
Renaissance,
new
ideas
and
values
gradually
replaced
those
held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious
themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time
painters
returned
to
classical
Roman
and
Greek
ideas
about
art.
They
tried
to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to
possess
their
own
paintings,
so
they
could
decorate
their
superb
palaces
and
great
houses.
They
paid
famous
artists
to
paint
pictures
of
themselves,
their houses and possessions, as well as their activities and
achievements.


One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to
draw
things
in
perspective.
This
technique
was
first
used
by
Masaccio
in
1428.
When
people
first
saw
his
paintings,
they
were
convinced that
they
were looking through a hole in the wall at a real scene. If the rules of
perspective
had
not
been
discovered,
no
one
would
have
been
able
to
paint
such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed
at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and
deeper.
Without
the
new
paints
and
the
new
technique,
we
would
not
be
able
to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous
.
www
.


Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century)


In
the late
19th century, Europe changed
a great deal,
from a mostly
agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from
the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and
social
changes.
Naturally,
these
changes
also
led
to
new
painting
styles.
Among
the
painters
who
broke
away
from
the
traditional
style
of
painting
were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.


The
impressionists
were
the
first
painters
to
work
outdoors.
They
were
eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of
day. However, because natural light changes so quickly, the
Impressionists
had
to
paint
quickly.
Their
paintings
were
not
as
detailed
as those of earlier painters. At first, many people disliked this style
of painting and became very angry about it. They said that the painters
were careless and their paintings were ridiculous
.
www
.


Modern art (20th century to today)


At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were
controversial, but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we
call

art
This
is
because
the
Impressionists
encouraged
artists
to look at their environment in new ways. There are scores of modern art
styles, but without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles
might not exist. On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is,
the
painter
does
not
attempt
to
paint
objects
as
we
see
them
with
our
eyes,
but
instead
concentrates
on
certain
qualities
of
the
object,
using
colour,
line and shape to represent them. On the other hand, some paintings of
modern
art
are
so
realistic
that
they
look
like
photographs.
They
styles
are so different. Who can predict what painting styles there will be in
the future?


西方绘画艺术简史



艺术是受着人民生活 习俗和信仰的影响的。西方的艺术风格经历了多次变
革。由于西方的艺术风格多

种多 样
,
在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描
述。因此
,
本文只谈及 从公元
6
世纪以来最主要的几种艺术风格
。

www
.


中世纪
(
公元
5
世纪到
15
世纪
)


在中世纪
,
画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。一个传统 的艺术家无
意于如实地展现自然和人物。那个时期的典型的绘画充满了宗教的
(
象)
特征
,
体