高英修辞

2021年1月26日发(作者：举世闻名)
Figures of speech
Ps
：（
1.8.3
）意为 第
1
课第
8
段第
3
行，粗体字为修辞对象。

一．
Alliteration
押头韵

1. the King's English
slips
and
slides
in conversation.(1.18.2)
2. that is to say as a
beast
of
burden
.(2.19.12)
3. to
friend
and
foe
alike,(3.3.2)
we shall
pay
any
price
,
bear
any
burden
,(3.4.2)
5. Back and forth his head swiveled, desire
waxing
, resolution
waning
.
（
4.47.6
）

6.I see also the
dull, drilled, docile
, brutish masses ...(14.8.14)


as
the
cause
of
any
Russian
fighting
for
his

hearth

and

home

is
the
cause
of
free
men
and
free
peoples in every quarter of the globe.
（
14.13.2
）

二．
Allusion
典故

1.
whether
for
him,
the
arch
anti- Communist,
this
was
not
bowing
down
in
the
House
of
Rimmon.(14.5.2)(from the )

三．Analogy
类比
:
将两个本质上不同的事物就其共同点进行比较，通过比喻手 法的综合运用帮助说
明道理或描述某种复杂情况。

1.
Have you ever seen a lame animal, perhaps
a dog
run over by some careless person rich enough to own a
car, sidle up to someone who is ignorant enough to be kind of him?
（
7.9.1
）

四．
Antithesis
对照

izing an
end
as well as a
beginning
, signifying
renewal
as well as
change
.(3.1.2)
2.
United
, there is
little
we cannot do
in
a host of co-operative ventures.
Divided
, there is
little
we can
do
,(3.6.2)
a free society cannot help the
many
who are
poor
, it cannot save the
few
who are
rich
.
（
3.8.6
）


fellow
Americans
ask
not
what
your
country
can
do
for
you
;
ask
what
you
can
do
for
your
country
.My fellow citizens of the world, ask
not what America will do for you
, but
what together we
can do for the freedom of man
.(3.25;26.1)
5.
It
is,
after
all,
easier
to
make
a
beautiful
dumb
girl
smart

than
to
make
an
ugly
smart
girl
beautiful
.
（
4.24.3
）

6.
Back and forth his head swiveled,
desire waxing
，
resolution waning
.
（
4.47.6
）

7.
Any man or state who
fights on against Nazidom will have our aid.
Any man or state who
marches
with Hitler is our foe...(14.10.11)

五．
Assonance
谐音、押韵

its
clanking
,
heel-clicking
, dandified Prussian officers, (14.8.12)
2. the cowing and tying down of a dozen countries. I see also the
dull, drilled, docile
, brutish masses of the
Hun soldiery plodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.(14.8.14)
3. still
smarting
from many a British
whipping
, (14.8.17)

easier
and a
safe
r prey.(14.8.18)
六．
Clima x
层进：在排列句子成分时，根据由浅入深、从小到大、从轻到重、由少到多、从高到低
的原则 ，选择恰当的词语，使语义层层递进，起到加强语义的作用。

this will not be finished in the f
irst one hundred days
.Nor in
the life of this Administration
, nor
even perhaps in
our lifetime on this planet
.
（
3.20.2
）

七．
Comparison and contrast
对比

1. As the
storks

flew northward
the
Negroes
were
marching southward
,(2.22.1)
2. And really it was like watching a flock of
cattle
to see the long column, a mile or two miles of
armed
men
, flowing peacefully up the road, while the great
white birds
drifted over them in the opposite direction,
glittering like scraps of
Paper
.(2.26.6)
八．
Exaggeration
夸张

1. and thanks to a
lifetime
of sitting in this position his left leg is warped out of shape.(2.9.6)
九．
Hyperbole
夸张

s it is because of my
up-bringing
in English pubs that I think bar conversation has a charm of its
own. (1.3.1)
2.I have an
unending
love affair with dictionaries(1.17.1)
3.A carpenter sits crosslegged at a
prehistoric
（史前的，陈旧的）

lathe,
（
2.9.4
）

One could probably live there for years without noticing that for nine-tenths of the people the reality of life
is an endless back-breaking struggle to
wring
（榨出）
a little food out of an eroded soil.(2.17.7)
4., showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blouse for me to know she's there,
almost hidden by the door
.
（
7.7.1
）

5.
chin on chest
, eyes on ground, feet in shuffle,
（
7.7.4
）

she stops and tries to
dig a well in the sand with her toe
.
（
7.18.2
）

7.
She put on some sunglasses that hid everything above the tip of her nose and her chin.
（
7.81.1
）

8.
If
Hitler
invaded
Hell
I
would
make
at
least
a
favourable
reference
to
the
Devil
in
the
House
of
Commons. (14.5.6)
如果希特勒入侵地球，丘吉尔都要为魔鬼这样可憎可恶的角色说好话。
十．
Irony
反讽：语言上正话反说，用词语表达与它们的字面意思相异或相反的用法。

people who work with their hands are partly invisible, and the more important the work they do, the
less visible they are.(2.16.1) 十一
.Litotes
曲言法；间接肯定法（正话反说，用
no
，
not
，
none
，
never
以及否定词缀等否定词或
否定表达来表述肯定的内容，该手法是从不同的角度强调事物的重要性，故意轻描淡写。）

1. This loomed as a project of
no small dimensions
,
（
4.58.4
）

十二
.Metaphor
暗喻
;
隐喻：它不用比喻词，直接把甲事物（喻体）当作乙事物 （本体）来描述，其
比喻关系隐含在句意中，从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理，增强语言的表现力。
charm of
conversation
is that it does not really start from anywhere, and no one has any idea where
It will go as it
meanders
or
leaps
and
sparkles
or just
glows
.(mixed
Metaphor
混喻
;1.2.1
)
闲谈的引人人胜之处就在于 它没有一个事先定好的话题。它时而迂回流淌，时而奔腾起伏，时而火
花四射，时而热情洋溢，话题最终 会扯到什么地方去谁也拿不准。

2. The fact that their
marriages
may be on the rocks,...(1.3.4)
3. that suddenly the alchemy
（
magic)of conversation took place,(1.4.4)
glow of the
conversation
burst into
flames
.(1.6.1)
5. We had
traveled
in five minutes to Australia .(1.7.4)

conversation
was on
wings
.(1.8.5)
7. I have an unending love affair with
dictionaries(instruments of common sense)
(1.17.1)
King's English
slips
and
slides
in conversation.(1.18.2)
9. When E. M. Forster writes of
sinister
corridor of our age,
ise one will
bind
the conversation,(1.20.3)
the
torch
has been passed to a new generation of Americans,(3.3.3)
the past, those who foolishly
sought power
by
riding the back of the tiger
ended up inside.
（
3.7.6
）

let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain
the master of
its own house
.
（
3.9.8
）

if a
beachhead
of co-operation may push back the
jungle
of suspicion,
（
3.19.1
）

15.
My brain
, that precision
instrument
, slipped into high gear.
（
4.17.1
）

16.
Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of
her mind
, a few members still
smoldered
. Maybe somehow I
could fan
them
into
flame
.
（
4.95.2
）（
extented metaphor
延喻）

17. She
washed
us in
a river of make-believe,
burned

us with
a lot of knowledge we didn't
necessarily
need to know.
（
7.11.5
）