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(完整版)初中英语“近义词”汇总

作者:高考题库网
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2021-01-26 09:11
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2021年1月26日发(作者:backup是什么意思)

is
1.

h
appen

take place
二者都有“发生”的意思。
happen
指事情的发生,往往带有“偶然”的意思。
It happens that I am free today.
恰好今天我没有事。

take place
指事先安排或策划好而后发生,没有“偶然”的意思。

2.

must

have to
must
表示说话人的主观看法
;


have to
则表示客观需要。
mustn't

为“不可以;不允许”;
don't have to
意为“不必”。如:

(1)

My father had to work when he was ten years old

(2)The play is not interesting. I really must go now


3.

arrive

reach

get to
三者都有“到达”之意。

reach
为及物动词。

They reached Tianjin yesterday.
昨天他们到达天津。
arrive
为不及物动词,后面接介词

in


at


get to
常用于口语,可代替前二者。
e


because of
二者均表示“因为”

because
是连词,引导状语从句。

We stayed at home because it rained.
因为下雨,我们呆在家。
because of
是短语介词,后面接名词性词语。

We stayed at home because of the rain .
因为下雨,我们呆在家。

5.

in front of


in the front of
in front
of…
意思是“在
……
前面 ”,指甲物在乙物之前,两者互不包括;
其反义词是

behind(

……
的后面
)




is
如:
He walked in fount of me
。他走在我的前面。

There are some flowers in fount of the house
。房子前面有些花卉。

in the front of
意思是“在某一空间内的前部”,即甲物在乙物的范
围之内;其反义词是

at the back
of…(

……
范围内的后部
)





There is a big desk and a blackboard in the fount of our
classroom


我们的教室前边有一张大桌子和一块黑板。

Our teacher stands in the fount of the classroom

我们的老师站在教室前。

6.

look

see

watch
三者都有“看”的意思。

look
是看的过程。

I looked

but saw nothing .
我看了,但什么也没看见。

see
是看的结果。
see a film
看电影
see
a play
看戏
(
话剧
)
watch
是看移动的事物或定晴地看。
watch a football match
看足球比赛。
watch TV
看电视

7.

sometime

sometimes

some time

some times
sometime
是副词,可与过去时或将来时 连用,表示“
(
在过去
)
某个
时候”或“
(
在将来
)
某个时候”。

如:

I saw him sometime in May




is
some
time
多数情况下作名词短语,意为“一些时间;一些时候”

它还可以 作副词词组,用来表示一个未肯定的时刻,此时它可与
sometime
互换。

如:

I'll be away for some time


sometimes
是一个表示时间频率的副词,意为“有时候”。
如:
Sometimes I help my mother with the housework

some
times
是“几次、几倍”之意。

如:
They have been there several times


8.

how long

how often

how far

how soon
how

long
意为“ 多久、多长时间”,主要是对一段时间进行提问,答
语通常是
(for)three
days/weeks/months
等时间段,它可用于各种时
态。

How long do you stay in Beijing every year?
每年你在北京住多久
?
how often
意为“多久
……
次、是否经常”,用来提问在某一特定的时
间进行某个动作的次数,答语通常是
alw ays

usually

often

sometime s

once/twice a day/month
等。
How often do you get to
school very early?
你多久早到校一次
?
how far
意为“多远”
,对距离提问时用。
How far is that?
那有多远
?
how
soon
意为“还要多久”
,是对 从某个基本时间到将来某动作结
束或某动作发生这段时间提问,常用在一般将来时态的句子中,其
答语通常是“
in +
一段时间”


How soon can you finish the work?
还要多久你能完成这项工作
?


is
In half an hour.
半小时后。

9.

agree with

agree to

agree on
两者都有“同意”、“赞成”的意思。


agree
with
后面常接表示人或意见
(
看法
)
的名词作宾语。
agree
with
还有“适合”、“符合”的含义。如:
The
climate
here
doesn't
agree
with him
。他不适合这里的气候。

agree to
后面一般接表示提议、办法、计划之类的名词作宾语。

agree on


达成一致的意见。

10.

across

cross

crossing

through

past
1)cross
意为“横过,

穿过”为动词,相当于

walk(go

run)across
Look both ways before you cross the road


(2)

across
意为“横过,穿过”为介词,不作动词,不能作谓语,常
放在动词之后,如:
go across
He walked across the field


(3)

through
是介词,含有“从

中间穿越”之意,表示四周含有物体
的穿越。

The ball went through the window


(4)

past
既可作形容词也可作副词,做副词时有:“穿过,越过”之
意。

Will you be going past my house on your way home?

(5)

crossing
意为“渡口,人行横道,
(
铁路与公路的
)
交叉点”。

All the cars should stop before the zebra crossing




is
11.

o
n

in

with (1)on

表示使用通讯工具、信息或传媒,乘坐交通工具等
; I
don't want to talk about it on the phone

(2)in
:使
用语言文字等媒介;

Can you speak it in English? (3)with

借助具体的手段或工具。
Don't
write
it
with
a
red
pen



on

in
at, on, in
三者都可以表示“在
……
的时候”。

(1)

at
:表示在哪个时刻用
;
表示时间点。

I get up at six o'clock in the morning .
我早晨六点起床。

(2)

On
:表示在哪一天,哪一天的早上
(
下午、晚上
);

on Wednesday , on Sunday morning , on May I , on a cold morning in
1936
(3)

in:表示在哪一年
(
季、月
)
,在上午,下午等。
in September , in the morning , in the afternoon
, a few; little , a little
虽然都表示



,但

·
few, a few
是可数的,

little, a little
是不可数的。

·
a few, a little
含肯定意味,
few, little
含否定意味。


(1)

They have a little ink, don't they?

他们有一点墨水,是吗
?


is
(2)

T
hey have little ink, do they?
他们几乎没有墨水,是吗
?


(3)

S
he has a few Chinese friends, doesn't she?

他有几位中国朋友,是吗
?

(4)

S
he has few Chinese friends, does she?
他几乎没有几位中国朋友,是吗
?
(5)She has a little dog
。她有一只小狗。
… until
, until
not … until
直到


… (
主句动词是短暂性动词
)
(1)

He didn't go to bed until his mother came back


until
一直到
… (

句中使用延续性动词
)
(2)

I study hard until it is midnight every day



15. spend, pay, cost, take

(1)

Sb. Spend

on sth.
某人花了
…(
时间、金钱
)
在某事上。

I spend ten yuan on the book


(2)

spend (in) doing sth.
某人花了
…(
时间、金钱
)
做某事。

She spent two hours in drawing the house

(3)Sb. pay …for …sth.
某人为某物花了

钱。
I paid 50 yuan for the clothes


(4)

Sth. cost sb
. …
某物花了某人

钱。

It cost us five dollars


(5)

It takes/took sb
. …
to do sth.
花了某人
…(
时间、金钱
)
做某事。



is
It takes us ten minutes to brush my teeth every day

much, too many, much too
too much +
不可数名词

too many +
可数名词

much too +
形容词、副


(1)

There is too much milk in the basket


(2)

She ate too many biscuits yesterday morning


(3)

He runs much too quickly


(4)

The chair is much too expensive

, in
(1)

After+
时间段

表达过去一段时间以后,常用于过去时态的句子
;
I received the letter after two days .
我是两天以后收到这封信的。


(2)

After+
时间点

表示将来一段时间以后,用于将来时态的句子。

He will arrive after four o'clock


(3)

in+
时间段

以现在为起点,表示将来一段时间以后,常用于将来
时态的句子。

You will receive the letter in three days .

你三天以后将收到这封信。


, before

(1)

ago
立足于现在,表示从现在起,若干时间之前
;ago
通常与一般
过去时连用,不能与完成时连用
;
I met him three years ago

(
距今
)
三年前,我遇到他。



is
(2)

before
立足过去,表示从过去某一时刻起,若干时间以前。

before
通常与过去完成时连用。

I had met him three years before

(
距当时
)
三年前我见到他一次。
, lonely
alone
是表语形容词,只能作表语用。

Though I am alone, I am not lonely
。虽然我孤独一人,但我并不感到
寂寞。

lonely 除了有
'
孤独的
'
意思外,还有
'
寂寞的
'< br>意思。另外说明特点时还


人迹稀少的


荒凉的

意思。

He was taken to a lonely house .
他被带到一个荒无人烟的房子内。


, either , too , as well

also
用于肯定句
. You study English and I also study it

你学英语,我也学。

either
用于否定句,并放在句尾
;
You don't study English and I don't study it either

你不学英语,我也不学。

too


as well
用于肯定句,放在句尾,多用于口语。
例如:

You are a student and I am a student, too.

你是学生,我也是。


You know the way and I know it as well.

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