中国传统文化英文

2021年1月26日发(作者：faz)
Spring Festival
The Spring Festival is the most important festival for the Chinese people and is
when
all
family
members
get
together,
just
like
Christmas
in
the
West.
All
people
living
away
from
home
go
back,
becoming
the
busiest
time
for
transportation systems of about half a month from the Spring Festival. Airports,
railway
stations
and
long-distance
bus
stations
are
crowded
with
home
returnees.
The
Spring
Festival
falls
on
the
1st
day
of
the
1st
lunar
month,
often
one
month later than the Gregorian calendar. It originated in the Shang Dynasty (c.
1600 BC-c. 1100 BC) from the people's sacrifice to gods and ancestors at the
end of an old year and the beginning of a new one.
Strictly speaking, the Spring Festival starts every year in the early days of the
12th lunar month and will last till the mid 1st lunar month of the next year. Of
them, the most important days are Spring Festival Eve and the first three days.
The
Chinese
government
now
stipulates
people
have
seven
days
off
for
the
Chinese Lunar New Year.
Many customs accompany the Spring Festival. Some are still followed today,
but others have weakened.
On the 8th day of the 12th lunar month, many families make laba porridge, a
delicious kind of porridge made with glutinous rice, millet, seeds of Job's tears,
jujube berries, lotus seeds, beans, longan and gingko.
The 23rd day of the 12th lunar month is called Preliminary Eve. At this time,
people
offer
sacrifice
to
the
kitchen
god.
Now
however,
most
families
make
delicious food to enjoy themselves.
After
the
Preliminary
Eve,
people
begin
preparing
for
the
coming
New
Year.
This is called
Store owners are busy then as everybody goes out to purchase necessities for
the New Year. Materials not only include edible oil, rice, flour, chicken, duck,
fish and meat, but also fruit, candies and kinds of nuts. What's more, various
decorations,
new
clothes
and
shoes
for
the
children
as
well
as
gifts
for
the
elderly, friends and relatives, are all on the list of purchasing.
Before
the
New
Year
comes,
the
people
completely
clean
the
indoors
and
outdoors
of
their
homes
as
well
as
their
clothes,
bedclothes
and
all
their
utensils.
Then
people
begin
decorating
their
clean
rooms
featuring
an
atmosphere
of
rejoicing and festivity. All the door panels will be pasted with Spring Festival
couplets, highlighting Chinese calligraphy with black characters on red paper.
The content varies from house owners' wishes for a bright future to good luck
for the New Year. Also, pictures of the god of doors and wealth will be posted
on front doors to ward off evil spirits and welcome peace and abundance.
The
Chinese
character

(meaning
blessing
or
happiness)
is
a
must.
The
character put on paper can be pasted normally or upside down, for in Chinese
the

be raised on
both sides of
the front door. Red paper-cuttings can be seen on window glass and brightly
colored New Year paintings with auspicious meanings may be put on the wall.
People attach great importance to Spring Festival Eve. At that time, all family
members eat dinner together. The meal is more luxurious than usual. Dishes
such as chicken, fish and bean curd cannot be excluded, for in Chinese, their
pronunciations,
respectively


and

mean
auspiciousness,
abundance and richness.
After the dinner, the
whole family will sit together,
chatting and watching TV. In recent years, the Spring Festival party broadcast
on China Central Television Station (CCTV) is essential entertainment for the
Chinese both at home and abroad. According to custom, each family will stay
up to see the New Year in.
Waking up on New Year, everybody dresses up. First they extend greetings to
their parents. Then each child will get money as a New Year gift, wrapped up
in
red
paper.
People
in
northern
China
will
eat
jiaozi,
or
dumplings,
for
breakfast,
as
they
think

in
sound
means

farewell
to
the
old
and ushering in the new
from ancient China. So people eat them and wish for money and treasure.
Southern Chinese eat niangao (New Year cake made of glutinous rice flour) on
this
occasion, because as a homophone, niangao means
one year after another.
time for relatives, friends, and classmates as well as colleagues to exchange
greetings, gifts and chat leisurely.
Burning
fireworks
was
once
the
most
typical
custom
on
the
Spring
Festival.
People
thought
the
spluttering
sound
could
help
drive
away
evil
spirits.
However,
such
an
activity
was
completely
or
partially
forbidden
in
big
cities
once
the
government
took
security,
noise
and
pollution
factors
into
consideration.
As
a
replacement,
some
buy
tapes
with
firecracker
sounds
to
listen
to,
some
break
little
balloons
to
get
the
sound
too,
while
others
buy
firecracker handicrafts to hang in the living room.
The lively atmosphere not only fills every household, but permeates to streets
and lanes. A series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern dancing,
lantern
festivals
and
temple
fairs
will
be
held
for
days.
The
Spring
Festival
then comes to an end when the Lantern Festival is finished.
China
has
56
ethnic
groups.
Minorities
celebrate
their
Spring
Festival
almost
the same day as the Han people, and they have different customs.
春节

春节是中国人最重要的节日，当所有家庭成员聚在一起，就 像在西方的圣诞
节。所有远离家乡的人回去，从春节成为最繁忙的运输系统的时间为半个月左
右 。机场，火车站和长途客车站挤满家返回。

适逢春节正月的第一天，通常一个月后，比公历。 它起源于商代（约公元前
1600
年

-
公元前
1100
年。

）从人的牺牲，在旧的一年的结束和开始一个新的
神和祖先。

严格地说，春 节开始每年腊月在初期，将持续到明年中期正月。对他们来说，
最重要的日子是春节前夕，前三天。现在 ，中国政府规定，人有七天为中国农
历新年。

许多关税陪伴春节。有的还在今天其次，但别人已经减弱。

在腊月初八，许多家庭做 腊八粥，美味的粥用糯米，小米，薏仁种子，大枣浆
果，莲子，豆类，龙眼，银杏。

腊月
23
日被称为初步的前夕。在这个时候，人们对厨房神献祭。然而，现在大
多数家 庭做出美味的食物，享受自己。

经过初步的前夕，人们开始为新的一年做准备。这就是所谓的“见到新年”
的。
商店老板都很忙，那么每个人都出去购买生活必需品的新年。材料不仅包括食
用油，大米，面粉，鸡 ，鸭，鱼和肉，还水果，糖果和各种坚果。更重要的
是，各种装饰品，为孩子们，以及作为礼物送给老人 的新衣服和鞋子，朋友和
亲戚，都是采购名单上。

在新年到来之前，人们完全清洗室 内和室外，他们的家庭以及他们的衣服，床
上用品和所有的器具。

于是人们开始装饰 自己的洁净室，欣喜和欢宴的气氛。所有门板贴春联，强调
中国书法与黑色的字在红纸上。内容不同房子 的业主一个光明的未来好运新年
的愿望。此外，门和财富之神的照片将会张贴在前门上辟邪和欢迎的和平 和丰
富。

中国“福”字（意为祝福或幸福）是必须的。通常可以粘贴字符放在纸上或 倒
挂，中国的“逆转福”谐音“福来”

，无论是“

fudaole
明显。

”更重要的
是，两个大红色的灯笼，可以提 高前门两侧。红纸扦插可以看出，在窗户玻璃
上，可以放在墙壁上鲜艳的年画，有吉祥的含义。

人们高度重视春节前夕。当时，所有的家庭成员一起吃晚饭。这顿饭是比平常
更豪华。菜肴，如 鸡，鱼和豆腐不能被排除在外，在中国，他们的发音，分别
是“辛弃疾”

，

“玉”和“豆腐”的意思吉兆，丰富和丰富。晚饭后，全家人
坐在一起，聊天，看电视。近年来 ，中国中央电视台（

CCTV
）的春节晚会上
播出的中国人在国内和国外 是必不可少的娱乐。根据习俗，每个家庭都会熬夜
见到新年英寸

醒来过年了，每个人 都打扮。首先，他们延长他们的父母的问候。然后，每个
孩子都会得到的钱作为新年礼物，包裹在红色的 纸。在中国北部的人会吃饺
子，包饺子，吃早餐，因为他们认为“饺子”的声音，意思是“告别旧的，迎
来新”

。另外，饺子的形状就像是从中国古代的金元宝。因此人们吃汤圆，并
祝愿钱和宝物。

中国南方吃年糕（糯米粉）新年蛋糕，在此之际，因为作为一个同音字，年糕
意味着“高，一年 后的。

”春节后的第一个
5
天亲戚，朋友，同学以及同事互
致问候 ，礼物是一个很好的时间，悠闲地聊天。

燃烧烟花爆竹，曾经是最典型的春节习俗。人们想< br>spluttering
声音可以帮助驱
邪。然而，这样的活动是完全或部分禁止在大城 市，一旦政府采取安全，噪音
和污染因素考虑。作为替代，买一些磁带以爆竹声音听来，得到一些休息一 点
点气球的声音，而其他人买爆竹手工艺挂在客厅。

热闹的气氛不仅填补每家每户， 但渗透到街头巷尾。天将举行一系列的活动，
如舞狮，龙灯舞，灯笼节日和庙会。春节，元宵节结束的时 候完成。

中国有
56
个民族。少数民族庆祝春节的汉族人，几乎在同一天， 他们有不同的
习俗。

Qingming Festival
The
Qingming
(Pure
Brightness)
Festival
is
one
of
the
24
seasonal
division
points
in
China,
falling
on
April
4-6
each
year.
After
the
festival,
the
temperature
will
rise
up
and
rainfall
increases.
It
is
the
high
time
for
spring
plowing and sowing. But the Qingming Festival is not only a seasonal point to
guide farm work, it is more a festival of commemoration.
The Qingming Festival sees a combination of sadness and happiness.
This is the most important day of sacrifice. Both the Han and minority ethnic
groups at this time offer sacrifices to their ancestors and sweep the tombs of
the deceased. Also, they will not cook on this day and only cold food is served.
The
Hanshi
(Cold
Food)
Festival
was
usually
one
day
before
the
Qingming
Festival. As our ancestors often extended the day to the Qingming, they were
later combined.
On each Qingming Festival, all cemeteries are crowded with people who came
to
sweep
tombs
and
offer
sacrifices.
Traffic
on
the
way
to
the
cemeteries
becomes extremely jammed. The customs have been greatly simplified today.
After slightly sweeping the tombs, people offer food, flowers and favorites of
the dead, then burn incense and paper money and bow before the memorial
tablet.
In contrast to the sadness of the tomb sweepers, people also enjoy hope of
Spring
on
this
day.
The
Qingming
Festival
is
a
time
when
the
sun
shines
brightly,
the
trees
and
grass
become
green
and
nature
is
again
lively.
Since
ancient times, people have followed the custom of Spring outings. At this time
tourists are everywhere.
People love to fly kites during the Qingming Festival. Kite flying is actually not
limited to the Qingming Festival. Its uniqueness lies in that people fly kites not
during the day, but also at night. A string of little lanterns tied onto the kite or
the thread look like shining stars, and therefore, are called
The
Qingming
Festival
is
also
a
time
to
plant
trees,
for
the
survival
rate
of
saplings is high and trees grow fast later. In the past, the Qingming Festival
was called
according to the Gregorian calendar.
清明节

清明节（清明） 是中国二十四节气点，跌幅在
4
月
4-6
日，每年之一。清明节
过后 ，气温将上升，降雨，物候等方面的变化。它是高的时间为春耕生产。但
清明节不仅是一个季节性的农活 来指导，它更是一个节日的纪念活动。

清明前后，春阳照临，春阳照临，春雨飞洒看到悲伤和幸福的组合。

这是一天中最重 要的牺牲。无论是汉族和少数民族在这个时候祭祀他们的祖先
和扫死者的坟墓。此外，他们也不会在这一 天做饭，只有冷的食物供应。

寒食（寒食）节通常是在清明节的前一天。由于我们的祖先经常 一天延长到清
明，他们后来被合并。

每个清明节，所有的墓地都挤满了前来扫墓葬和 祭祀的人谁。墓地的道路上的
交通变得极为卡住。海关已大大简化。人后略微扫墓葬，提供食品，鲜花和 收
藏夹死，然后牌位前烧香和纸钱和弓。

墓扫墓的悲哀相反，人们还可以享受春天的 希望在这一天。清明节是一个时
间，当阳光灿烂，树木和草绿色与自然又是热闹。自古以来，人们都遵循 春季
郊游的习俗。这时游客随处可见。

人们喜欢在清明节放风筝。放风筝其实并不限 于清明节。它的独特之处在于，
人们放风筝不仅白天，但夜间也放。绑到一个字符串的小灯笼风筝或线程 象闪
烁的明星，因此被称为“上帝的灯笼。

”

清明节也是一个时 间去种树，树苗成活率高，树木成长快。在过去，清明节被
称为“植树节”

。但自
1979
年以来，

“植树节”，

3
月
12
日结算根据公
历。

Dragon Boat Festival