变速器外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

2021年1月26日发(作者：英语下载)


















































TRANSMISSION

Engine output speed is very high, the power and the maximum torque in certain
areas of the speed. In order to exert the engine, you must have the best performance,
to
coordinate
the
speed
of
the
engine
and
the
actual
speeds.
Transmission
in
automobile
driving
process
between
the
engine
and
wheels,
in
different
ratios,
through the shift in the engine can work under the condition of the best performance.
The development trend of the transmission is more complex, more and more is also
high automation degree, automatic transmission is the mainstream of the future.
Car
engines
in
certain
speed
can
reach
the
best
state,
the
output
power
of
the
bigger,
fuel
economy
and
better.
Therefore,
we
hope
in
the
best
condition
engine
always
work.
But,
in
the
use
of
the
car
to
have
different
speed,
the
contradictions.
This contradiction through the transmission to solve.
Auto
transmission
function
in
a
single
sentence,
is
called
the
speed
change,
which
reduced
growth
slowing
or
thickening
twist.
Why
can
increase
twist,
and
slowing
growth
and
to
reduce
twist?
Put
the
power
output
unchanged,
the
engine
power can be expressed as
N = wT, w is
turning, T is
the angular torque. When N
fixed, w and T is inversely proportional to the. So the growth will be reduced, slow
increase
twist.
Auto
transmission
gear
transmission
is
based
on
the
principle
of
variable twist, each corresponding to different into gear transmission, in order to adapt
to the different operating conditions.
General
manual
transmission
shaft
set
the
input
and
output
shaft,
and
say,
another three axis reverse axis. Three main transmission shaft type is the speed of the
input
shaft
structure,
the
speed
of
the
engine,
is
also
the
output
shaft
speed
is
presented.
By
output
shaft
gear
generated
between
different
speeds.
The
gear
is
different
with
different
ratio,
also
have
different
speed.
Such
as
Zhen
Zhou
Nissan
ZN6481W2G type SUV driver’s dynamic transmission, it is respectively: 1 ratio of
1:3.704 gears, 2.202 2:1, 3:1; 1.414 4 gears, - 5 (1): overdrive dependent.
When
the
car
started
when
the
driver
choose
1
files,
dial
1
1/2
shift
fork
synchronizer backward joints and 1 shift gear lock on the output shaft, and the power
input shaft, and the output shaft shift gears, 1 shift gear drive output shaft, output shaft
will
power
to
transmission
(red
arrows).
The
typical
one
shift
gear
ratio
is
3:1,
i.e.
input shaft turn 3 laps, output shaft turn 1 lap.
When the car growth drivers choose 2 files, dial 1 1/2 shift fork synchronizer and
1 separateness from 2 after mating locking output shaft gear and power transmission
line,
which
is
similar
to
the
output
shaft
gear
with
2,
1
files
output
shaft
gear.
The
typical
2
shift
gear
ratio
is
2.2:1,
input,
output
shaft
turning
2.2
pivot,
1-1
RPM


















































increases, torque shift.
When gas growth drivers choose 3, dial 1 1/2 shift fork to synchronizer, and back
to space three/four file synchronizer will move until 3 gear lock in the output shaft,
make
the
power
from
the
first
shaft
--
--
on
the
output
shaft
transmission
gears,
3
through the output shaft gear shifting speed. The typical 3 ratio was 1.7:1, the input
shaft turning circle, the output shaft 1.7 turn 1 ring, is further growth.
When gas growth drivers choose 4 gears, fork will 3/4 file synchronizer from 3
gear
directly
with
the
input
shaft
driving
gear
engagement,
power
transmission
directly from the input shaft to the output shaft, and the output shaft is 1:1 ratio and
the input shaft speed. Due to the force, and the direct oart shift, the gear transmission
efficiency
ratio.
Cars
run
most
time
in
order
to
achieve
the
best
directly
file
fuel
economy.
Shift to go into space, transmission in the transmission gears have locked in the
output shaft, they cannot drive the output shaft rotation, no power output.
General car manual transmission ratio main points above 1-4, usually designers
to
first
identify
the
lowest
(1)
and
(4)
transmission,
the
ratio
between
after
general
distribution according to form. In addition, there is a reverse and overdrive, overdrive
called 5 files.
When the car to
accelerate whether isolated
car
drivers
choose more than 5, 5
gear
transmission
is
typical
0.87:1,
namely
with
big
gear
drive
pinion
gear
turns,
when active 0.87 lap, passive gear has turned over one lap.
When the reverse in the opposite direction to the output shaft rotation. If a gear
when reverse rotation, plus a gear will become a positive spin. Using this principle,
will add a reverse gear do
reverse
axis.
Reverse
transmission
shaft
independent
in
housing,
and
parallel
axis,
when oart in gear and gear and oart output shaft gear, output shaft to will instead.
Usually the reverse synchronizer is controlled by the jointing, so May 5 files and
reverse position is in the same side. Due to the middle, reverse gear transmission is
generally
greater
than
1
gear
transmission
ratio,
twist,
some
cars
met
with
forward
instead of steep open up in reverse.
From
driving
gear
transmission
is
smooth;
more
is
better,
more
adjacent
gear
shift between the transmission ratio, shift easy and smooth. But the gear transmission
fault
is
more
complex
structure,
big
volume
and
light
auto
transmission
is
now
commonly 4-5. At the same time, the transmission ratio is not an integer, but with the
decimal
point, this is
not
the whole number of meshing
gears, two gear ratio is
the
euploid number will lead to two gear surface non-uniform wear, tooth surface quality
of differences.



















































Manual transmission and synchronizer
Manual
transmission
is
one
of
the
most
common
transmissions,
referred
to
as
MT. Its basic structure in a single sentence is a central axis, two input shaft, namely,
the axial and axial oart, they constituted the transmission of the subject, and, of course,
a
reverse
axis.
Manual
transmission
gear
transmission
and
manual,
contain
can
in
axial
sliding
gears,
through
different
meshing
gears
to
change
gear
of
torsional
purpose. The typical structure and principle of the manual transmission.
Input shaft also says, it's in front of the spline shaft directly with clutch platen,
thus the spline set by the engine relay of torque. The first shaft gear meshing gears,
often with oart as input shaft, and the gear on oart will turn. Also called shaft, because
even more solid shaft of gear. The output shaft, and the second shaft position have the
drive shaft gear, may at any time and under the influence of the control devices and
the
corresponding
oart
gear,
thus
changing
the
speed
and
torque
itself.
The
output
shaft is associated with tail spline shaft torque transmission shaft, through to drive to
gear reducer.
Predictably, transmission gear drive forward path is: input shaft gear - oart gnaws
gear - because the second shaft gear - corresponding gear. Pour on the axle gear can
also control device, by moving axis in the strike, and the output shaft gear and oart
gear, in the opposite direction.
Most
cars
have
five
forward
and
reverse
gear,
each
one
has
certain
ratio,
the
majority of gear transmission more than 1, 4 gears transmission is 1, called directly,
and ratio is less than 1 of article 5 gear shift accelerated called. The output axis gear in
the mesh position, can accept power transmission.
Due to the gearbox output shaft to input shaft and the speed of their gear rotating,
transform
a

problem
Two
rotating
speed
different
meshing
gears
forcibly inevitable impact and collision damage gear. Therefore, the old transmission
shift to use
while,
in
the
space
location
on
the
door,
in
order
to
reduce
gear
speed.
But
this
operation is more complex, difficult to grasp accurately. Therefore designers to create

through
the
synchronizer
will
make
the
meshing
gears
reach
speed
and smooth.
Currently the synchronous transmission adopts is inertial synchronizer, it mainly
consists of joints, synchronizer lock ring etc, it is characteristic of the friction effect
on
achieving
synchronization.
Mating,
synchronizer
and
mating
locking
ring
gear
tooth circle have chamfering (locking horns), the synchronizer lock ring inside surface
of gear
engagement ring and the friction
surface contact.
The lock horns with
cone
when designing the proper choice, has been made to the surface friction of meshing