-
一
般
现
在
时
一般现在时通常表示目前阶段经常发生的动作
或存在的状态。
动词（
am, is, are
）
用于主语是复数名词，
is
用于主语是单数或
不可数名词。
2.
句型。
陈述句：
The man under the tree is your cousin.
一般疑问句：
Are these your blue bags?
Yes, they are. / No, they
aren’t.
特殊疑问句：
Where is your pen pal from?
B.
实义动词
1.
如
see, look, teach, brush, relax, study, watch, go
等表示动作词，
当主语为第三人称单数时，
如
he,
she, your father, his classmate
等时，
动词形式要作
如下变化。
规
则
读
音
在
清
辅
音
后
读
|s|
，浊辅音或元
音后读
|z|
，在
t
后读
|ts|
，
d
后读
|dz|
读
|iz|
读
|z|
读
|z|
动词原形
一般动词在词尾
加
-s
like, want
find
以字母
s, x, ch,
sh
结尾的动词加
-es
以
o
结尾的加
-es
以辅音字母加
y
结尾的，改
y
为
ies
guess, teach
go
fly, study
3.
句型变化（需借助助动词）
肯定式
:
主语
+
动词原形
/
动词的第三人称单数
否定式
:
主语
+
助动词
don't/doesn't
+
动词原形
+
其
他
疑问式
:Do/Does+
主语
+
动词原形
+
其他
简略回答
:
(
肯
)Yes,
主语
+do/does
(
否
)No,
主语
+do/does not
注意：
have
的第三人称单数为
has
eg. They go to movies on weekends.
They
don’t
go to movies on weekends.
Do they go to movies on weekends?
Yes, they do. / No, they
don’t
.
When do they go to movies?
eg. He has some homework to do.
Does he have any homework to do?
Yes, he does. / No, he
doesn’t
.
1
He doesn’t
have any homework to do.
What does he have?
用法
：
1.
表 示事实
,
现状
,
性质或经常的
,
习惯的动作
,常与
often,
usually,
always,
sometimes,
today,every
day,once a week, every five minutes, on Sundays
等
时间状语连用
,
eg. I often sleep late on Sundays.
2.
表示普遍真理
.
eg.
The
earth
goes
round
the
sun.
3.
表示在现在时间里所发生的一个动作
.
eg. Here comes the train.
4.
在时间和条件状语从句中
,
从句用一般现在
时
.
eg. I'll go with you if you are free tomorrow.
I
’
ll call you when she comes.
练习题
1.
My
English
teacher
_______about
thirty
years old,
but he ______younger than he really is.
A. is, look
B .is, looks
C. am, look
_____veryhard,
but
he
_____till
a
little
weak
in Chinese.
A.
studies,
is
B.
study,
is
C.
doesn’t
study, is
3. We all know that the sun _____ round the earth.
A.
goes
B.
don’t
go
C.
doesn’t
go
____twelve
months
in
a
year
and
January___ first.
A.
is,
comes
B.
are,
come
C.
are,
comes
_____
the kite best of all, Jim? Lucy or
Lily?
A .flies
B. fly
C .are flying
6.
____
the
Great
Wall
one
of
the
places
of
great
interests?
A. Was
B. Do
C. Is
7.____she____
home
at
six
o’clock
every
morning?
A.
Do,
comes
B.
Does,
Come
C.
Do,
come
8. My mother______ like watching, so she ____ to
bed very early every evening.
A.
doesn’t
,
go
B.
don’t
go
C.
doesn’t
, goes
3.
以辅音字母
+ y
结尾的，把
-y
变为
-i
再加
-ed
，
Li
usually
_____newspapers
after
supper
如
:
every day.
study--studied
copy--copied
cry--cried
A.
read
B.
reading
C.
carry--carried
reads
4.
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写
词尾辅
音字母，再加
-ed
，如：
stop
→
stopped
plan
→
planned
一般过去时
一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，
过去式
“
-
ed”
的发音规则
一般过去时通常由动词的过去式构成。
（
1
）动词词尾为
“t
，
d”
时，发
/ id /
音，
want →wanted
need →needed
用法
：
1.
主要用于过去某个时间发生的动作或状
态
.
（
2
）动词词尾为清辅音时，发
/ t /
音。
eg. My father was at work yesterday.
help
→helped
laugh
→lau
ghed
look
→looked
2.
表示过去经常或反复发生的动作
,
常与
often,
wash →washed watch →watched
always
等表示频率的时间状语连用
.
eg.
He
always
went
to
work
by
bus
last
（
3
）动词 词尾为
t
，
d
以外之浊辅音或元音时，
summer/before ..
发
/ d /
音。
call →called
stay→
stayed
cry→
cried
3.
和
when
等连词引导的状语从句连用
.
eg. When she reached home, she had a short rest.
4.
常与过去的时间状语连用
,
如
ago,
yesterday,
不规则中寻
规则
last
week,
in
the
old
days,
when
I
was
five,
in
I.
过去式与动词原形同形。例如：
let
—
let, put
—
put, hit
—
hit, read
—
read[red]
1995,just now
等
.
began the work two months ago.
II
.
动词原形以
ow
／aw
结尾，过去式常变为
ew
。
结构：
例如：
know
—
knew,
grow
—
grew,
throw
—
threw,
肯定式
:
主语
+
动词的过去式
+
其他
eg. I got up at six this morning.
draw
—
drew
等。但是也有一些例外，例如：
They were late yesterday.
show
—
showed
。
否定式
:
主语
+ did not +
动词原形
+
其他
III
.
许多动词只要将动词原形中的元音字母
i
改为
eg. John didn't live here last year.
a
，
就可变为过去式。
eg
：
begin
—
began, give
—
gave,
They were not late yesterday.
sing
—
sang,
swim
—
swam, sit
—
sat, drink
—
drank, ring
—
rang
疑问式
:Did +
主语
+
动词原形
+
其他
eg. Did you see him a moment ago?
等。
Were they late yesterday?
但是
win
—
won
例外。
简略回答
.(
肯
)Yes,
主语
+did
(
否
)No
,
主语
IV
.
有些动词的过去式以
o(a)ught
结尾。例如：
+ didn't.
bring
—
brought, buy
—
bought, think
—
thought,
过去式构成
catch
—
caught, teach
—
taught
等。
行为动词的过去式分为规则和不规则两种
,
规则
[
注意
]
上述动词过去式究竟是以
ought[
:t]< br>还
的过去式是在动词后加
ed
或
d,
不规则动词参照
是
aught[ :t]
结尾，只要记住
“
有
a
则
a
，无
a
则
o”
不规则动词表。
即可。即
:
原形中有
a
的，过去式变为
aught
，否
规则动词的过去式变化如下：
则为
ought
。
1.
一般情况下，动词词尾加
-ed
，如：
V
.
以
e ep
结尾的动词，常将
eep
改为
ept
构成过
work
--worked
play--played
wanted --wanted
去
式
。
例
如
：
keep
—
kept,
sleep
—
slept,
act-- acted
sweep
—
swept
等。
2.
以不发音的
-e
结尾，动词词尾加
-d
，如：
练习题
(
答案写在题号前
)
live--lived
move---moved
taste--tasted
1. The two ______ in the same class last year.
hope-- hoped
A.
are
B.
was
C.
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