chief是什么意思新视野大学英语(第三版)读写教程Book1-Unit2-A词汇解析

2021年1月26日发(作者：voucher)

New words

clutter

n.

[sing., U] a large number of things that are scattered somewhere in an untidy way
杂乱的
东西

await

vt.

1 wait for sth.
等待；等候

The little boy was still awaiting his father’s return when the clock struck 11.
当时钟敲响
11
点时，那个小男孩仍在等着他爸爸回来。

2 if sth. awaits you, it will happen to you
（某事）将降临到
…
身上

The biggest surprise awaiting the birthday girl is that her father is flying to London for her
birthday.
那个过生日的女孩即将得到的最大惊喜是她爸爸将飞到伦敦来为她庆祝生日。

vehicle

n.

[C] (fml.) a machine with an engine that is used to take people or things from one place to
another, such as a car, bus, or truck
交通工具；车辆

efficiency

n.

[U] the quality of doing sth. well and effectively, without wasting time, money, or energy
效
率；效能

To increase our working efficiency, it is necessary to take advantage of every moment we
have.
为了提高工作效率，我们必须分秒必争。

We rely on advanced technology to improve energy efficiency.
我们依靠先进的技术提高
能源效率。

embarrass

vt.

make sb. feel ashamed, nervous, or uncomfortable, esp. in front of other people
（尤指在
社交场合）使尴尬，使窘迫

I felt embarrassed, going to the wrong classroom on the first day of college.
大学的第一天
我走错了教室，感到非常尴尬。


embarrassment

n.

1 [C] sb. or sth. that causes problems or makes you feel ashamed
让人难堪的人；使人为
难的事

He is such an embarrassment to his family.
他让他的家人感到非常难堪。

The court case was an embarrassment to the company.
这个案子对该公司来说是个麻烦。

2 [U] a feeling of being nervous or ashamed because of what people know or think about
you
尴尬；难堪；窘迫

To her terrible embarrassment, there were many people around when one of her high
heels broke off.
她一只高跟鞋的鞋跟断了，当时周围有许多人，这让她很尴尬。

rust

v.

become covered with rust, or make sth. become covered in rust
（使）生锈

Years of being left out in the rain had rusted the metal chairs.
这些金属椅子多年来一直放
在外面，已经被雨淋得都生锈了。

n.

[U] the reddish-brown substance that forms on iron or steel when it gets wet
锈；铁锈

There were large patches of rust on the car.
车上有大块的锈斑。

blade

n.

[C]the flat cutting part of a tool or weapon
刀刃；刀片

tube

n. [C]

1 a long, thin container which you squeeze in order to force the paste out
（膏状物等的）
管状容器

2 a long narrow object similar to a pipe that liquid or gas can move through
管子

paste

n.

[C, U] a soft thick mixture that can easily be shaped or spread
糊状物；膏

The dish consists of 8 kinds of vegetables, mixed with hot chili paste and served with beef
soup.
这道菜有
8
种蔬菜，拌上辣椒酱，再佐以牛肉汤食用。


vt.

stick sth. to sth. else using glue
（用糨糊）粘贴

Please paste a label on the box to tell it from other boxes.
请在盒子上贴上标签

,
以便与
其他盒子区别开来。

toothpaste

n.

[C, U]
牙膏

polish

n.

[C, U] a chemical substance that you rub onto an object to make it shine
上光剂；擦光剂

The girl was told by her parents to remove the polish from her nails because she was too
young for make-up.
女孩的父母让她把指甲油擦掉，因为她还太小，不适合化妆。

vt.

1 make sth. smooth, bright, and shiny by rubbing it
擦亮；擦光

He polished his glasses with a handkerchief in order to see more clearly.
他用手帕擦了擦
眼镜，以便看得更清楚些。

2 improve a piece of writing, a speech, etc. by making slight changes to it before it is
completely finished
修改；润色

Your essay is good; you just need to polish it a bit.
你的文章不错，你只要稍加润色就可以
了。

trash

n.

[U] (BrE rubbish) things that you throw away, such as empty bottles, used papers, food
that has gone bad, etc.
废物；垃圾

dump

vt.

1 empty out a container, vehicle, as by overturning or tilting
倾倒；把
…
倒空

He opened his bag and dumped its contents on the desk.
他打开包，把里面的东西倒在桌
子上。

2 get rid of sth. that you do not want
丢弃；扔掉


People who want to get rid of old cars sometimes dump them in the woods.
人们为了处理
掉旧车，有时候就把它们丢在树林里。

match

v.

1 belong to the same pair
（与
…
）属同一双；（使）成对

Your socks don’t match.
你的袜子不成双。

2 if one thing matches another or they match, they look attractive together
（与
…
）
相配，
相称

She wore a green silk dress and hat to match.
她穿了一件绿色丝裙，戴着与之相配的帽子。

mismatched

a.

not matched or not suitably matched
不配对的

I wonder why my younger sister loves wearing mismatched socks.
我真不明白，为什么我
妹妹喜欢穿不配对的袜子。

purple

a.

紫色的

n.

[U]
紫色

closet

n.

[C] (mainly AmE) a small room or space built into a wall for storing things such as clothes
or sheets
壁橱

comic

n.

[C] (also ~ book) a magazine for children that contains stories told in a series of drawings
（儿童）连环漫画册

With the combination of pictures and texts, comics are a good way to get children to begin
their adventures in reading.
连环漫画册图文并茂是让儿童开始接触阅读的一个好办法。

a.

amusing you and making you want to laugh
滑稽的；好笑的


Even the misfortune in his personal life was used by him in creating his comic movies.
连
他生活中的不幸遭遇也被他用于创作喜剧电影。

fiction

n.

1 [U] books and stories about imaginary people and events
小说

He was a very successful writer of children’s fiction.
他是一位非常成功的儿童小说家。

2 [C] sth. that people want you to believe is true but which is not true
虚构的事；想象的事

Sometimes children have trouble separating fact from fiction and may believe that such
things actually exist.
有时候孩子们难以区分哪

些事情是真实的、
哪些是虚构的，
他们或许
会相信这些事情真的存在。

romantic

a.

1 used about books, plays, and films about love
（书、剧本、电影）浪漫的，关于爱情的

Romantic comedies are very popular among young people.
爱情喜剧很受年轻人的欢迎。

2 showing strong feelings of love
多情的；浪漫的

Why don’t you send your girlfriend a little romantic card and see how she reacts?
你何不
送女朋友一张浪漫的小卡片，看她作何反应？

historical

a.

1 describing or based on events in the past
描写历史事件的；基于史实的

Historical novels are a marvelous blend of fact and fiction.
历史小说是事实和小说的奇妙
结合。

2 relating to the past
（有关）历史的

It is important to look at the novel in its historical context.
从历史背景来看待这部小说很重
要。

beloved

a.

loved very much by sb.
钟爱的；挚爱的；宝贝的

She said her beloved daughter was her pride.
她说她的宝贝女儿是她的骄傲。

stuff

vt.


1 push or put sth. into a small space, esp. in a quick careless way
填；塞

Don’t stuff anything else in the bag, or it will burst.
不要再往袋子里塞东西了，不然袋子就
要撑破了。

2 fill sth. until it is full
填满；装满

Volunteers were busy stuffing envelopes.
志愿者们正忙着填装信封。

n.

[U] a variety of objects or things
各种物品

I don’t know how we’re going to get all this stuff into the car.
我不知道怎样才能把这些东西
都放进汽车里。

sack

n.

[C] a large strong bag for storing and carrying things
大口袋；粗布袋；麻袋

stack

v.

make things into a neat pile, or form a neat pile
（使）整齐地堆起；摞起

The waitress stacked the dishes on the counter and then sat down for a rest.
女服务员把
盘子整齐地码放在柜台上，然后坐下来休息。

n.

[C] a neat pile of things
（叠放整齐的）一叠，一堆，一摞

I eventually found the letter I was looking for under a stack of papers.
我最终在一摞纸的
下面找到了我要找的那封信。

plague

n.

1 (a ~ of locusts/rats, etc.) an uncontrolled and harmful increase in the numbers of a
particular animal or insect
蝗灾
/
鼠灾等

A plague of locusts, as a result of the warm winter and continuous drought since early
spring, is threatening this land.
由于暖冬和开春以来一直干旱，蝗灾正威胁着这片土地。

2 [C] a disease that causes death and spreads quickly to a large number of people
瘟疫；
疫病

We wish to have a world free of plagues and famines.
我们希望我们的世界没有瘟疫和饥
荒。