compact是什么意思新视野英语(二)练习题A

2021年1月26日发(作者：膜拜)



























新视野英语（二）练习题
A

Ⅰ
. Vocabulary

1. At the dinner party last night Christine felt greatly ___D__ because her mother kept talking too
proudly of her accomplishments at school.




A. humiliated


B. disappointed

C. ashamed


D. embarrassed
2. Our trip to Beijing ___B
__ with the visit of my cousin Lucy’s family. So we had a great reunion
at the foot of the Great Wall.




A. cooperated


B. coincided


C. consisted


D. confronted

3. Before he started work, I asked the builder to give me an __A___ of the cost of repairing the
roof.



A. assessment


B. announcement

C. estimate


D. evaluation
4. The new tourist hotel will have ___B__ for more than one thousand people.
A. convenience


B. capacity





C. capability


D. accommodations

5. He is a (n) _____B__ young architect who has won international fame.
A. nasty



B. exceptional


C. incompetent
D. hopeless
6. He ran __C____ twice from his boarding school because he couldn
’
t put up with being limited
in an institution.

A. in



B. over


C. away


D. down
7. Jean felt unable to cope _D____ driving in heavy traffic after her accident.



A. up



B. at


C. of


D. with
8. To be financially well ____B__, you need to work hard and spare no efforts to develop your
career when young.

A. away



B. off


C. up


D. out
9. The soldiers showed great joy and satisfaction after winning the final triumph __D____ their
enemies.

A. over



B. out


C. from


D. of
10. It was on this day that he met _BY___ an accident that was to shape the rest of his life.



A. with



B. to



C. at


D. in
11. I got a little _____C___ when I learned that the appointment with the general manager was
changed to another time.





A. concerned


B. distracted


C. upset


D. awful

12. The book offers some advice about how to make a good ___D_____ at job interviews.





A. attitude



B. appearance

C. effect


D. impression
13. It is very difficult for the time being to ____D____ how much money is needed.





A. account



B. assume


C. ranges



D. estimate

14. The teacher praised and rewarded the good _____B___ of his students in class.





A. status



B. behavior


C. function



D. signal

15. We must _____B___ our attention on the question of reducing our cost.





A. pay




B. focus


C. absorb



D. promote

16. They will fight to the end; they will never __B____.


A. survive


B. surrender

C. render


D. succeed
17. Our company decided to ___A___ the contract because a number of the conditions in it had


not been met.





A. cancel








B. resist








C. assume







D. destroy
18. He was __C___ of having asked such a silly question.

A. sorry






B. guilty






C. ashamed









D. miserable
19. I would be ___B__ if you would mail this package for me.


A. careful


B. grateful

C. thoughtful


D. respectful
D. murder
20. Much of the news provided by this newspaper is __A_____, not foreign.




A. domestic







B. strain







C. purchase






Ⅱ
. Reading Comprehension

Passage 1
Economic liberalism was the prevailing economic philosophy in much of the nineteenth and early
twentieth centuries, and the U.S. economy developed within its framework. Economic liberalism
promoted
freedom
of
action
for
the
individual
and
the
firm
through the
doctrines
of
free trade,
self- interest, private property, laissez-faire, and competition.

According
to
his
philosophy,
individuals
were
free
to seek
their
own
occupations,
to
enter
any
business, and to act as they saw fit to improve their economic welfare. Economic society was held
together by self- interest. Self-interest was thus the motivation force of the economy. For example,
to increase personal economic welfare, an individual might decide to produce goods and sell them
for
profit.
But
in
so
doing,
that
individual
automatically
benefited
the
community
as well
—
by
purchasing
raw
materials,
providing
employment,
and
supplying
goods
or
services.
A

worker
seeking to increase hi or her wages could do so by increasing productivity. This, too, benefited the
employer
and
the
community
in
general.
According
to
Adam
Smith,
the
individual,
in
seeking
personal gain, was led by an invisible hand to promote the welfare of the whole community.

Competition
was
the
regulator
of
the
economy
under
economic
liberalism.
Business
competed
with
one
another
for
consumer
trade
by
developing
new
and
better
products
and
by
selling
existing
products
at
lower
prices.
Free
entry
into
the market
ensured
adequate competition,
and
prices
were
determined
by
the free forces
of supply
and
demand.
Competitive
force
determined
not only the prices of goods and services but also wage rates.

Since
a
beneficial
self-interest
was
the
motivating
and
driving
force
of
the
economy
and
since
competition
was
to
serve
as
the
regulator
of
the
economy,
a
policy
of
laissez- faire
prevailed.
According to this policy, the government kept its hands off the economic activities of individuals
and businesses. Its economic role was strictly to protect private property, to enforce contracts, and
to act as a judge in economic disputes.

21. Concerning
“economic liberalism”, which of the following is true?

A

It was an influential philosophy in the 19th and 20th centuries.

B
The development of the U.S. as a nation owes much to this philosophy.

C
It is about the freedom of action in the field of economics.

D
It is about the doctrines of private-0sector of economy.

22. According to the passage, people exchange goods and services in order to ______.

A
satisfy the needs of other people.
B satisfy their own needs

C form a society





D promote division of labor

23. Which of the following is the best interpretation for Adam Smith’ theory?


A

Individuals are keen on their own interest.



B
In their subconsciousness, people wish to serve the community.

C
In pursuing their self-interest, individuals bring benefits to society.

D
The Individuals’ economic behavior is regulated by some invisible being.


24. Competitive forces have the following functions except ______.

A

forcing the businesses to develop new and better products

B
giving every individual a fair chance for a better job

C
to help determine the prices of goods and services

D
to help regulate the wages of people employed

25. According to the policy of laissez-faire, the government should ______.

A
frequency intervene the market
B strictly regulate the market

C give the market much freedom
D intervene the market only when it likes

Passage 2


Changes in the natural rate of unemployment can easily be m
istaken for cyclical employment. For
this reason it is important to understand the force s influencing the natural rate of unemployment
in an economy.

Y
ounger workers are more likely to quit their jobs than older workers. It simply takes some time
for them to match skills with their employment. So it is reasonable to assume that the younger the
average age in the labor force, the higher the natural rate of unemployment.

Increased
fluctuation
in
the
pattern
of
demand
for
domestic
goods
increases
structural
unemployment and, in turn, contributes to a higher natural rte of unemployment. An increase in
energy prices that occurred in the mid-1970s in U.S. affected hiring in many industries. Increase
foreign competition also hurt the U.S. automobile and steel industries at that time.

Rapid changes in technology designed to cut costs can also result in greater job separation. In an
effort
to
compete
more
effectively
with
foreign
firms,
many
U.S.
Firms
have
shifted
to
new
technology that requires fewer workers per plant and results in slower hiring of new workers.

In
recent
years
the
number
of
married women
in
the
labor force
has
increase
sharply,
therefore
increasing the umber of two-earner families. The existence of a second income prevents income
from falling to zero when one of the spouses
（配偶）

quits a job to search for a better one. Also,
the second income allows a longer period to find a new job than would otherwise be possible.

Tendencies to move in and out of the labor force can also affect the natural rate of unemployment.
Workers who frequently move in and out of the work force have a higher rate of job separation
because they are less experienced than other workers. As a result they are more likely to quit or be
fired from a job.

26. The natural rate of unemployment is higher among younger workers because ______.

A

they have to spend some time learning the necessary skills

B
they often quit their jobs for a change

C
they do not treat their jobs seriously

D
they are too young to do their jobs well

27. What happened to the American economy when the prices of energy went up in the U.S. in the
mid-1970s?

A

Employment in some related industries was increased.

B
Employment in some other industries was increased.

C
Employ7ment in some related industries was reduces.

D
The U.S. automobile and steel industries were hurt.