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coke是什么意思BEC中级第二辑阅读真题及答案详解

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2021-01-26 16:25
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coke是什么意思-卡劳

2021年1月26日发(作者:screw是什么意思)

BEC
中级第二辑阅读真题及答案
详解


1
the
contact
between
coach
and
employee
not
solving all difficulties at work

2 the discussion of how certain situations could
be better handled if they occur again

3
a
coach
encouraging
an
employee
to
apply
what has been taught to routine work situations

4 coaching providing new interest to individuals
who are unhappy in their current positions

5
coaching providing a
supportive
environment
to discuss performance

6
employees
being
asked
to
analyse
themselves
and practise greater self- awareness

7
coaching
enabling
a
company
to
respond
rapidly to a lack of expertise in a certain area

Coaching
A

Coaching
involves
two
or
more
people
sitting
down
together
to
talk
through
issues
that
have
come

up
recently
at
work,
and
analysing
how
they
were managed and how they might be dealt with

more
effectively
on
subsequent
occasions.

Coaching
thus
transfers
skills
and
information
from one

person
to
another
in
an
on-the-job
situation
so
that the work experience of the coach is used to

advise
and
guide
the
individual
being
coached.
It also allows successes and failures to be

evaluated in a non-threatening atmosphere.

B

Coaching
means
influencing
the
learner's
personal
development,
for
example
his
or
her
confidence

and ambition. It can take place any time during
an individual's career. Coaching is intended to

assist
individuals
to
function
more
effectively,
and
it
is
a
powerful
learning
model.
It
begins
where

skills-based training ends, and helps individuals
to use formally learnt knowledge in day-to-day

work
and
management
situations.
Individuals
being coached are in a demanding situation with

their
coach,
which
requires
them
to
consider
their own behaviour and question their reasons

for

doing things.

C

The
coach
professionally
assists
the
career
development
of
another
individual,
outside
the
normal

manager/subordinate relationship. In theory, the
coaching relationship should provide answers to

every
problem,
but
in
practice
it
falls
short
of
this.
However,
it
can
provide
a
space
for
discussion

and
feedback
on
topics
such
as
people
management and skills, behaviour patterns,

confidence- building
and
time
management.
Through
coaching,
an
organisation
can
meet
skills

shortages,
discuss
targets
and
indicate
how
employees
should
deal
with
challenging
situations, all

at short notice.

D

Effective
coaches
are
usually
those
who
get

satisfaction from the success of others and who
give

time
to
the
coaching
role.
Giving
people
coaching
responsibilities
can
support
their
development,

either
by
encouraging
management
potential
through
small-scale
one-to-one
assignments,
or
by

providing
added
job
satisfaction
to
managers
who feel they are stuck in their present jobs. A
coach

is
also
a
confidential
adviser,
accustomed
to
developing positive and effective approaches to

complex
management,
organisational
and
change problems.

这篇文章讲的是培训(coaching
)的作用。培训
对一个公司的发展和员工的成长都是至

关重要的。
文章的内容比较泛,
但是题目的答案
比较明显。


第一题,
教练和员工之间的接触不能解决工作中
的所有困难。答案是
C
段的这么一句:

In
theory,
the
coaching
relationship
should

provide
answers
to
every
problem,
but
in
practice it

falls short of this.
理论上,培训可以提供所有问
题的答案。但是实践中达不到这样。
Fall short

of
是关键词。


第二题,
讨论 某些情况如果再度出现的话怎么样
可以处理的更好。答案是
A
段的这么

一句:
analysing
how
they
were
managed
and
how they might be dealt with more effectively on

subsequent
o ccasions.
分析应该如何进行处理并
且在接下来的情况下怎样可以处理的更有效。
这里的
dealt with more effectively
对应于题干中

better handled

on subsequent occasions.


就是
occur again



第三题,
教练 鼓励员工将所学应用到日常的工作
中。答案是
B
段的这么一句:
helps

individuals to use formally
learnt
knowledge
in
day-to-day work and management situations.



个人将学到的正式知识用在日常工作和管理情
况下。
这里的
day-to- day work and management

situations





routine
work

situations

what has been taught
也就是
formally
learnt

knowledge



第四题,
培训为在现有岗位上不 高兴的个人提供
了新的兴趣。答案是
D
段的这么一句:

providing
added
job
satisfaction
to
managers
who feel they are stuck in their present jobs
。对
感觉

自己在现有岗位上受困的经理们提供附加的工
作满足感。这里的
stuck in their present jobs


是题干中的
unhappy in their current position

added job satisfaction
可以对应于题干中的
new

interest



第五题,
培训提供了一个有力的、
支持性的讨论
工作表现的环境。答案是
A
段的:
It also

allows successes and failures to be evaluated in a
non-threatening atmosphere.
它允许成功和失败

在一个没有威胁的气氛下被评估。
成功和失败也
就是
performance

supportive environment
可以对应于
non-threatening atmosphere



第六题,
员工被要求分析他们自己并且 培养出更
强的自知。有必要理解下
self-awareness

的含义 ,
不能简单的从中文理解成自我意识,

英文解释:
knowledge and understanding of

yourself

所以答 案是
B
段的这么一句:
requires
them to consider their own behaviour and

question their reasons for doing things.
要求他们
考虑自己的行为并且思考这么做的理由。

consider their own behaviour
可以对应于题干中

analyse themselves
,思考这么做的理由也是

为了进一步增进对自己的认识。


第七题,
培训可以使得公司对某 个领域的技术缺
失迅速做出反应。答案是
C
段的最后

一句:
indicate how employees should deal with
challenging situations, all at short notice.
指出员

工怎样处理有挑战性的情况,在短时间内。
At
short notice
是一接到通知就,短时间内的意


,< br>可







respond
rapidly

challenging
situations
可以指代题干中的
a
lack
of

expertise in a certain area.

BUFFET ZONE

Lucy Robertson started
working
at a takeaway
food business to supplement her income during
her

student
days
at
Edinburgh
University,
Several
years later she had bought the business and now,
17

years
on,
she
owns
Grapevine
Caterers,
probably
Scotland's
leading
independent
caterers, with a

turnover of almost

6m.

She
had
never
planned
to
own
a
business,
and
had
certainly
never
considered
a
career
in
catering.

(0)... ... .
However,
her
unplanned
career
began
in 1985, when she returned to Edinburgh and

discovered that the takeaway she had worked in
was up for sale. On impulse, she bought it, but

admits that at the time she knew nothing about
catering. (8).........It was a difficult time, but

essential
in terms of
gaining
the
experience she
needed. The late 1980s boom was good for


business,
with
large
numbers
of
office
workers
wanting takeaway food for their lunches.

(9)........'At one point there were 26 food outlets
within
a
5-kilometre
radius,'
Robertson
recalls.
As

the economy changed and the once packed office
blocks started to become vacant, it became clear

that
Robertson
would
need
to
diversify.(10)........It changed the direction of the
company for good.

As
Robertson
began
to
win
catering
contracts,
she
decided
that
the
company
would
have
to
move

to larger premises. In 1994, the move was made
when she bought another catering business that

already had a number of profitable contracts for
boardroom lunches.

Meanwhile,
Robertson's
main
competitor,
the
oldest
catering
company
in
Edinburgh,
was
causing

her some anxiety. 'Customer loyalty is not to be
underestimated,'
she
warns.
But
Robertson
is

not

someone
who
is
easily
put off.(11)........Partly
as
a result of this, turnover doubled, and having

outgrown
another
site,
Robertson
bought
a
city-centre
location
for
the
group's
headquarters.

By now, Grapevine's main competitor was a new
catering company called Towngates. Although

Robertson
tried
to
raise
enough
money
to
buy
Towngates, she did not luck

intervened
and
Towngates
went
bankrupt.
(12)........Many
accepted
and
the
company's
turnover

went
from

700,000
to

l
.5
million
almost
overnight.

However,
the
company's
growth
was
not
as
smooth
as
it
sounds
in
retrospect.
Robertson
admits,

'We
were
close
to
the
edge
during
the
growth
period. Like many under-capitalised companies

trying
to
grow,
it
might
easily
have
collapsed.'
But that, she feels, is the challenge of developing


your own business.

A But there are plenty of similar contracts to be
won
in
the
east
of
Scotland
before
Robertson
turns

her attention elsewhere.

B Her way round this particular problem was to
recruit
the
catering
manager
of
the
rival
company.

C
But
this
demand
was
short-lived,
and
before
long, increasing competition made it harder to

make a profit.

D
'It
was
a
dramatic
learning
curve
and
very
small
amounts
of
money
were
earned
at
first,’says

Robertson.

E
She
decided
that
the
solution,
since
many
companies
required
working
lunches
for
meetings

with clients, was to prepare and deliver meals to
business premises.

F
On
hearing
this,
Robertson
immediately
contacted
all
of
their
clients
and
offered
the

services of

Grapevine Caterers.

G Instead, she studied accountancy after leaving
university, and a steady if unspectacular

professional path seemed set.



Buffet Zone


自 助餐区域,
在这篇文章里的
意思应该是自助餐领域,讲的是一个在自

助餐领 域取得了惊人成绩的杰出女性创业的故
事。这套题目不难,尤其比起第四辑的题目。

文章本身有很清晰的故事发展脉络,
选项和原文
的对应也比较明显。文章的几个段落是按照
时间先后、故事发生的先后进行的,很明确。第
一段是总括,第二段是讲的创业起步阶段 的

一些困难以及应对困难的对策,
第三段是公司好
转后的办公室重置(relocation

,第四、五

段是公司的竞争情况,最后一段总结。


第八题,
前面说一时冲动 她买下了这个外卖餐馆

takeaway

,事实上那个时候她对餐

饮业一无所知。空格后面说的是这段时间很困
难,但是对获得所需要的经验却是很有必要的 。

所以第八题的空格部分应该填入跟学习、
积累经
验有关的内容。
D
选型最吻合,
It was a


dramatic
learning
curve
,这里的
learning
是关键词,很明显的答案信号。还有
very
small
amounts

of money were earned at first

at first
也是关键
词。


第九题,空格前面说
large
numbers
of
office
workers wanting takeaway food for their

lunches
,大量的办公室员工需要外卖食品做午
饭,这 里的
wanting
是个很关键的词。空格后

面话锋一转,说曾经一度5
公里内有
26
家食品
商店,但是经济转变了,一条街都空了(
blocks

started to become vacant


从上下文来分析,

九空的内容应该和办公室员工的外卖需求有

关 ,
同时带有转折意思。
C
选项完全符合这一条
件:但是这种需求是短暂的,不 久,逐渐增

长的竞争使得赢得利润变得更加困难。


第十题,< br>上文说经济形势转变了,
所以
Robertson
决定从事多样化的经营。后面 说这种

做法永远的改变了公司的经营方式。
所以第十空
应该填入相应的对策 ,怎么样来应对经济形

势的转变。
符合这一条件的是
B

E

都是关于
解决问题的,但是
B
选项所说的招募竞争


对手的餐厅经理在上下文内容中没有提到。
应该

D
,为 商业大厦送饭,正好对应下一段所

说的。


第十一题,这一题才 应该选
B
,前面说竞争对手
给自己造成了很大的困扰。但是

Rob ertson
却不是那么容易屈服的人。后面说部
分原因是这个,营业额翻倍了。所以中间应< br>
该也是填入对策。
和竞争对手有关的,
所以应该

B

B

particular
是个关键词,
rival company
也很明显。


第十二题,
前面说
Rob ertson
想收购一个竞争对
手,但是没成功,结果人家公司自己破

产倒闭了。后面来了一个
many accepted
,可以
看出这中间应该填入的是人家公司破产后

Robe rtson
的一些举措。
F
满足这一条件:一听
到这些,
Rober tson
马上联系他们的客户并且

提供了自己公司的服务。


1

buffet:
a
meal
at
which
people
serve
themselves from a table and then stand or sit

somewhere else to eat
自助餐


2

takeaway

a

a restaurant that cooks and sells food that you

take away and eat somewhere else
外卖餐




b

a meal that you buy at this type of restaurant
外卖的饭菜;外卖食物


3

in retrospect: thinking about a past event or
situation, often with a different opinion of it

from the one you had at the time
回顾


4

under- capitalised:
(about
a
business)
not
having enough money (capital) to be able to

operate
normally,
pay
debts
and
grow
资金不
足。


5

Instead, she studied accountancy after leaving
university, and a steady if unspectacular

professional path seemed set.

这个句子里
if
的用法比较少见,参见朗文的解
释:
used when adding one criticism of a

person or thing that you generally like

e.g: Lunch was a grand if rather noisy affair.

所以
G
选项的意思就是:然而,离开大学后她
学的是会计,一个平淡无奇的职业道路

似乎已经铺就。

HOW TO MARKET YOURSELF


We
manage
our
own
careers
now.
So
knowing
how
to
brand
and
position
yourself
in
the
market as

'Me plc' at different stages of your working life
is becoming an increasingly vital skill. At least

that is what image expert Mary Spillane believes.
'Employment as we know it is decreasing. Jobs

don't exist, work exists. In the next decade most
of us will be suppliers, not staff. We will have

clients
not
bosses.
If
you
are
under
30,
you
probably
know
that
there
is
only
one
firm
to
join for

life: Me plc. It promotes you and your potential
to others.'

'We're working in multi-national, multicultural,
multi- corporate teams and it's important to

understand the implications of this. We need to
create a personal brand that is unique, but

complements
the
brand
of
the
corporation
we
are working for. You have to find a way to do it
so

that you are not just a typical employee,' advises

Spillane. 'You have to decide what central values

you want to project, and also what may need to
alter from situation to situation.'

Many people only remember Mary Spillane for
the
years
she
spent
running
a
cosmetics
company,

but
she
actually
has
masters
degrees
in
information
science
and
politics.
She
used
to
hide that

hard-hitting
side,
but
is
now
eager
to
show
it
and
forget
about
cosmetics.
'Now
that
I'm
working in

the
boardrooms
of
major
plcs
and
global
companies,
I'm
playing
up
my
degrees
and
management

background
so
that
the
image
side
is
seen
only
as an addition to the value side,' says Spillane.

Some
contracts
take
longer
than
others.
'The
City
law
firms
I'm
currently
working
for
are
really

difficult
because
they
don't
have
any
idea
of
what their brand should be, and are still very


traditional
even
when
talking
about
becoming
modern. I'm showing them how to do everything

from changing their reception areas -which tend
to be very off- putting with their high-fronted

reception desks - to how to make small talk that
is less formal and rigid. Companies rebrand

themselves
all
the
time,
spending
millions
on
new office interiors and so on. But without an

underlying
change
of
attitudes,
it
can
prove
an
empty exercise.'

She
argues
that
for
individuals
too,
there
must
be
more
than
a
surface
change,
as
rebranding
goes

deeper than a mere change of wardrobe. Beyond
advice on appearance, she tells clients, 'Remind

yourself
of
what
you
are
selling:
the
personal
values
that
comprise
your
brand.
Learn
to
present

yourself
in
a
way
that
will
project
what
you
want
to
deliver.
Lifelong
learning
is
essential,
together

with
the
sort
of
discovery
and
adventure
that

promote personal growth. Always have an

up-to-the-minute
CV
ready
to
print
out,
refreshing
it
every
few
months
with
your
most
recent

achievements,
just
to
remind
others
of
your
brand value.'

She
believes
it
is
essential
that
you
understand
both
your
public
self
and
your
private
self,
as
well

as your blind spots and your potential, in order
to
create
an
effective
brand.
The
public
self
is
the

image you project to the world, the private self
is
what
you
know
about
yourself
but
others
don't,

arid blind spots are those things that others see
about you but you can't see for yourself. By

deciding
what
image
you
want
other
people
to
see, emphasising more of your private self and

sorting
out
a
few
blind
spots,
you
will
increase
not
only
your
potential
to
influence
others,
but
also


your self-esteem and self-confidence.'

13
In
the
first
paragraph,
Mary
Spillane
says
people should learn how to market themselves

because

A it encourages companies to give them a job for
life.

B
in
the
future
it
will
be
a
company
requirement.

C
in
many
careers
it
is
becoming
difficult
to
succeed.

D it will help them adapt to developments in the
job market.

14
Spillane
says
that,
when
creating
a
personal
brand, it is important to

A
change
things
depending
on
the
circumstances.

B
decide
what
image
people
would
like
you
to
present.

C
make
sure
that
colleagues
feel
at
ease
with
your image.

D
follow
the
example
of
someone
in
the
company you work for.


15 What do we learn about Spillane in the third
paragraph?

A
She
is
embarrassed
about
her
career
with
a
cosmetics company.

B
She
doesn't
like
talking
about
her
academic
background.

C
She
has
qualifications
many
people
are
unaware of.

D She worries about how other people see her.

16
Which
problem
does
Spillane
refer
to
when
talking about the companies she is presently

working with?

A They find it difficult to accept her ideas.

B
They
are
unaware
of
how
to
rebrand
themselves.

C
They
don't
want
to
spend
large
amounts
of
money.

D
They
are
unwilling
to
modernise
their
work
environment.

17
When
advising
people
on
rebranding
themselves, Spillane tells them to

A attend courses to gain specialist skills.


B
update
regularly
their
written
proof
of
what
they can do.

C
try
out
different
ways
of
presenting
themselves to others.

D remember that what they look like is the most
important point.

18
Spillane
says
that,
in
order
to
rebrand
yourself successfully, it is important to

A
ask
for
other
people's
opinions
about
your
image.

B
feel
confident
about
what
you
are
trying
to
achieve.

C
learn
how
to
make use of
all aspects of your
character.

D
model
yourself
on
people
with
a
certain
amount of influence.


How to market yourself

,怎样开发你自己。
这篇文章主要是一个专家(
Mary Spillane


对个人在职业生涯中的一些建议,包括怎么定
位、怎样 正确认识自己等等。很实用很中肯的

一篇文章。
看来这国外的专家并不也是夸夸其谈
之辈啊。



13
题,
问第一段
Mary Spillane
认为人们应该学
会开发他们自己的原因是什么。第一段

里 这个专家认为就业机会在减少,
job
不存在了,
存在的是
work
,在未来十年所有人都将成

为才华和能力的提供者

supplier

而不是员工

staff

,老板将变成自己的客 户。从专家的

这段话可以看出她认为人们应该学会开发自己
的原因是适应就业市场的 发展,也就是
D


案所说的。
A
在原文没有提到,
B
的理解有误,
原文说
there is only one firm to join for life: Me

plc
。生活中只有一个值得加入的公司: 自我公
司。这句的意思还是说人们要学会开发自己,

而不是将来有公司需要。
C
在原文中也没有提
到。

14
题,问在创造个人品牌的时候,很重要的是
什么。答案是第二段的最后一句:
You have

to
decide
what
central
values
you
want
to
project,
and
also
what
may
need
to
alter
from
situation

to
situation.
你必须决定自己要建立的中心价值
什 么,同时还有哪些是需要随着环境的改变而

改变的。
A
的表述正确,根据环境来改变事情。

B
不对,不是说决定人们想要你呈现的形象,

而是自己决定自己想要建立的 中心价值。
C

D
在原文都没有提到。

15
题, 问第三段可以了解到
Spillane
的什么事。
第三段介绍说这个女人曾经经营过一 家

化妆品公司,
但其实她还拥有信息科学和政治的
硕士学位。当在化妆品公 司的时候她试图把

学历的一面深藏不露,但是现在换了一家公司,
她迫不及待的想将 这一面给展现出来。从这

些可以看出这个女人的思路:
需要哪一面就表现
哪 一面。
15
题的答案是
C
:她拥有的素质

很多人都不知道 。
A
不对,没有提到尴尬,
B

对,在适当的时候才会去谈论自己的 学历背

景,
D
在原文也没有提到。


16题,

Spillane
指出了现在工作公司的什么问
题。答案是第四段 的这么一句:
they don't

have
any
idea
of
what
their
brand
should
be,
and are still very traditional even when talking
about

becoming
modern.
对于自己的品牌应该是怎么
样的他们没有 任何概念,同时在谈到变得现代

时依然很传统。
这一段是讲这个公司在转变时的

一些问题,他们投入了巨大的财力想重新树

立自己的品牌,
但是没有一个深 层次的态度的转
变,是很难有实效的。答案是
B
,不知如何

重新树 立自己的品牌。
A
不对,
没有说不愿意接
受,
C
不对,公司 投入巨大,
D
不对,不是

不愿意现代化,
而不知道怎么现代化,
说要现代
化还是显得很传统。


17
题,问对于想要重新树立自己品牌的个人,
Spillane
的建议是什么。答案是第五段的

最后一句:
Always have an up- to-the-minute CV
ready
to
print
out,
refreshing
it
every
few
months

with your most recent achievements
时刻要有一
个准备打印的最新的简历,每隔几个月用你最

新的成绩来更新一次。
总结起来就是
B
选项所说
的“固定更新关于自 己能做什么的书面证

明”



18
题,问为了 能成功的重新树立自己的个人品
牌,很重要的是什么。最后一段强调了

人应该了解自己的几个方面:
公我

public self


私我(
private self

、盲点和潜力
,
并且分别

介绍了四种方面的含义。
答案是这么一句,
需要

提炼总结:
By deciding what image you want

other
people
to
see,
emphasising
more
of
your
private self and sorting out a few blind spots




的强调私我,
并且挑选出一些盲点。< br>总结起来就

B
所说的:学会怎样全面利用自己性格

的各个方面。






D










m odel
yourself on(after) somebody

to try to be like

someone else because you admire them

这篇文章其实并不难,
但是很有实用价值。
某些
地道的商务英语表述可以用在口语里,

而更具意义的是,
这篇文章里提到了 一些关于个
人职业的建议,很中肯,值得人参考。


1

jobs
don't
exist,
work
exists.
In
the
next
decade most of us will be suppliers, not staff. We

will have clients not bosses.
这是一种比较新颖的
工作观,不应该把自己看做是给老板打

工的。
每个人都是自己的老板,
出售自己的才学
和能力,老板只是自己的客户。有了这

样的心态,
人在工作中就会变得积极主动。
不过
有一点,客户的质 量一定要好好把握啊



2

You
have
to
decide
what
central
values
you
want to project, and also what may need to

alter from situation to situation.
树立属于自己的
品牌,并且相机而动。


3

Remind yourself of what you are selling: the
personal values that comprise your brand.

Learn
to
present
yourself
in
a
way
that
will
project what you want to deliver.
一个企业要想

立足商界需要核心价值,
同样的,
一个人要立足
社会也需要核心价值。关键在于你如何

定位自己。找准了定位,就不会迷失方向。


Planning

In
any
planning
system,
from
the
simplest
budgeting
to
the
most
complex
corporate
planning,

there is an annual process. This is partly due to
the fact that firms (19).......their accounting on a

yearly (20)......., but also because similar (21).......
often occur in the market.

Usually,
the
larger
the
firm,
the
longer
the
planning takes.
But
typically, planning
for
next
year

may start nine months or more in advance, with
various
stages
of
evaluation
leading
to
(22).......
of

the complete plan three months before the start
of the year.

Planning
continues,
however,
throughout
the
year, since managers (23) ....... progress against

targets,
while
looking
forward to the next
year.
What is happening now will (24)....... the

objectives and plans for the future.

In
today's
business
climate,
as
markets

constantly change and become more difficult to
(25)....... ,

some analysts believe that long-term planning is
pointless. In some markets they may be right, as

long
as
companies
can
build
the
sort
of
flexibility
into
their
(26).......which
allows
them
to

(27).......to any sudden changes.

Most
firms,
however,
need
to
plan
more
than
one
year
ahead
in
order
to
(28).......their
long-term

goals.
This
may
reflect
the
time
it
takes
to
commission
and
build
a
new
production
plant,
or, in

marketing (29)....... , it may be a question of how
long it takes to research and launch a range of

new
products,
and
reach
a
certain
(30).......
in
the
market.
If,
for
example,
it
is
going
to
take
five

years
for
a
particular
airline
to
become
the
(31).......
choice
amongst
business
travellers
on
certain


routes,
the
airline
must
plan
for
the
various
(32)....... involved.

Every one-year plan, therefore, must be (33).......
in relation to longer-term plans,and it should

contain die stages that are necessary to achieve
the final goals.

19 A make up B carry out C bring about D put
down

20 A basis B grounds C foundation D structure

21 A distributions B guides C designs D patterns

22
A
approval
B
permission
C
consent
D
decision

23 A value B inspect C review D survey

24
A
command
B
prompt
C
influence
D
persuade

25 A guess B speculate C reckon D predict

26
A
operations
B
techniques
C
measures
D
exercises

27 A answer B respond C counter D reply

28 A move B lead C develop D benefit

29
A
expressions
B
descriptions
C
words
D
terms


30
A
reputation
B
position
C
situation
D
influence

31 A desired B selected C preferred D supposed

32 A acts B steps C means D points

33
A
handed
over
B
drawn
up
C
made
out
D
written off

这篇文章是关于公司计划的(
planning

,做计
划时的过程 和需要考虑的一些因素。


全文的第一句话说公司做的决定是一个年度过
程(
annual process

。接下来谈到原因。

19
题,
make up
是组成、
捏造、
化妆的意思,用
在这里和
accounting
搭配不上;
carry out
是执

行(
to do something that needs to be organized
and planned


bring about
是带来,
使发生

to

make something happen


put down
放下,镇
压。从意思上看,应该选
B

carry out



事实上,
carry out accounting on

..basis
是金
融英语里专业且地道的说法。最常见的一

种是
carry
out
accounting
on
the
accrual
basis
执行权责发生制。相应的,
20
题选
basis
,公司

时在一年的基础上执行会计准则的。


21
题,这里需要理解上下文的含义。这一整句

话仍然是在说明公司进行
planning
的原因。

正是因为相似 的模式会在市场上出现,
所以公司
才需要进行计划。选
patterns
是最 符合原义

的。


22
题,很明显,这里填入的词是表示 批准、通
过之类的,是指年前三个月完整的计划

就会被通过。从中文意思上看,A

B

C
三个
词都是符合的。具体看英文解释对几个 词的

用法进行区分。


approval

when
a
plan,
decision,
or
person
is
officially accepted
批准,正式的


eg:The president has already given his approval
to the plan.

permission

when
someone is officially allowed
to do something
允许,也是正式的


eg:You
must
ask
permission
before
taking
any
photographs inside the church.

consent

permission to do something
不那么正式
的允许


eg:He took the car without the owner's consent.

这一题是讲的计划被批准或者通过,所以用
approval




23
题,这里的前后文的意思是计划贯穿全年始
终,所以经理们需要回顾过 去,展望未来。

后面的
looking forward to
是个答案信 号,相对
应的前面应该选
review
,根据目标回顾过程。

< br>24
题比较简单,理解了句子含义不难做出选择。
现在发生的事情将会影响未来的目标和

计划。选
influence



25
题,从这个句子来看,填入的词是应该可以
直接和
market
搭配的。
P redict the market
是商英里地道常见的用法,市场预测。

< br>26
题,往他们的操作中增加一点灵活性,这样
可以对突然发生的变化做出反应。
Operation:

the
work
or
activities
done
by
a
business
or
organization, or the process of doing this work.

27
题,
respond to
对…
..
做出反应。


28
题,为了开发公司的 长期目标,需要一年以
上的时间来计划。从意思和用法上,只能

选择
develop



29
题,
in market terms
用市场术语来说。固定
用法。


30
题,
position in the market
,市场上的地位。
前面已经暗示了这里要用市场术语来表述,


position
in
the
market






positioning is that exclusive space your brand
owns in the

marketplace.
It's
relevant
and
compelling
to
your
customers,
and
different
from
your
competitors.



31
题,只需要理解
preferred
的意思:首选的


32
题,想让这个航空公司成为特定路线上商务
旅客的首选,必须先计划好相关的步骤 。

按步骤来拟定计划,
最后才能成功,
所以选
step



33
题,需要理解四个词组的含义。


hand
over:
to
give
something
to
someone
with
your hand, especially because they have asked

for it or should have it.
交出


draw
up:
to
prepare
a
written
document,
such
as a list or contract
起草(
draw up

plans/proposal



e.g:
He
was
asked
to
draw
up
proposals
for
reforming the law

make out:

to be just able to see or hear something
看见或
听见



to
understand
something,
especially
the
reason
why something has happened
理解



write off:


to write a letter to a company or organization
asking them to send you goods or

information
写信寄出



to decide that someone or something is useless,
unimportant, or a failure
注销



to officially say that a debt no longer has to be
paid, or officially accept that you cannot get

back money you have spent or lost
勾销



1
Sometimes
it
is
necessary
to
insist
on
further
explanation.

2
You
shouldn't
focus
on
your
response
while
others are still speaking.

3
People
are
reluctant
to
admit
that
they
don't
listen well.

4
There
are
benefits
in
seeing
things
from
the
speaker's perspective.

5
Keen
observation
of
the
speaker
can
support
our listening skills.

6 It is risky to think about a different issue while
someone is speaking.

7
People
do
not
mind
hearing
their
own
views
summarised.

Good listener, better manager

A

Too
often
we
accuse
others
of
not
listening,
pretending that we ourselves are faultless, yet in
our

hearts
we
know
that
many
of
the
mistakes
we
make come about because we haven't listened

carefully
enough.
We
get
things
wrong
because

we
haven't
quite
understood
what
someone
meant

when
they
were
talking
to
us.
Anyone
who
has
ever
taken
the
minutes
of
a
long
meeting
will
know

how hard it is to remember - despite the benefit
of
notes
-
exactly
what
everyone
said.
But
success

depends on getting things right - and that means
listening.

B

Listening is not the same thing as hearing; it is
not
an
effortless
activity.
It
demands
attention
and

concentration.
It
may
mean
quizzing
the
speaker
for
additional
information
or
for
clarification - it

is
always
better
to
ask
than
to
continue
regardless and get things wrong. However, if you
allow

your mind to wander onto something else, even
for a few minutes, you'll miss what the speaker

is

saying
-
probably
at
the very
moment
when
he
or
she
is
saying
something
critical.
And
not
having

heard,
you
won't
know
you've
missed
anything
until it's too late.

C

The most common bad habit we have is to start
thinking of what we are going to say about the

subject
long
before
the
other
speaker
has
finished. We then stop listening. Even worse, this
often

adds
rudeness
to
inattentiveness,
as
once
you
have decided what
to say there is
a fair chance
you

will
interrupt
to
say
it.
Good
listeners
don't
interrupt. In fact it is often worth explaining the
main

idea
of
what
you
have
just
been
told
before
going on to make your own points. Nobody is

offended
by
this
and
it
shows
that
you
have
listened well.


D

Above
all
be
patient
and
accept
that
many
people
are
not
very
good
communicators.
It's
helpful to

remember
that
the
ways
people
move
and
position themselves while they are speaking can
reveal

a great deal about what they are saying. Equally
importantly you should put yourself in the other

person's
they are

getting at and form a response. But don't be too
clever. Faced with a know-all, many people keep

quiet because they see no point in continuing.

这篇文章讲的是倾听(
listening
)的重要性。一
个好的管理者必然是一个好 的倾听者,

所以要讲究倾听的艺术。


第一题,有时坚持进一步 的解释是很有必要的。
答案是
B
段的这么一句:
It may mean

quizzing the speaker for additional information
or
for
clarification
-
it
is
always
better
to
ask
place,
both
intellectually
and
emotionally; it will help you to understand what

than

to continue regardless and get things wrong
它可
能意味着为了进一步的信息和说明去询问说

话的人——问总比不顾情况的继续并且把事情
办错的好。这里的
additional information
对应


further explanation.

第二题,
不能在别人还在说的时候就开始关注自
己的回应。答案是
C
段的第一句:
The

most
common
bad
habit
we
have
is
to
start
thinking of
what we are going
to
say about the
subject

long before the other speaker has finished
。我们
最常见的坏习惯就是在讲话者远还没结束的时

候就开始思考我们将对这个话题说些什么。
这里

before the other speaker has finished
就是

others are still speaking

focus on your response
就是
start thinking of what we are going to say

about the subject



第三题,
人们不愿意承认自己没有听好。
答案是
A
段的第 一句:
Too often we accuse others

of not listening, pretending that we ourselves are
faultless, yet in our hearts we know that many of


the
mistakes
we
make
come
about
because
we
haven't listened carefully enough

我们经常指责


人没有好好听,
假装我们自己是无可指责的,

实在我们心里知道,很多我们 所犯的错误都

是由于听的不够仔细。
这句的意思就是说我们心
里知道什么原 因,但是口头上喜欢指责别人。

也就是第三题题干说的不愿意承认。

< br>第四题,从说话者的视角去考虑问题是有好处
的。答案是
D
段的这么一句:Equally

importantly you should put yourself in the other
person's place, both intellectually and

emotionally

同样 重要的是你必须把自己置于别
人的位置上,既是智力上的也是情感上的。

这里的
put yourself in other person

s place
就是
seeing things from the speaker

s perspective



第五 题,对说话者的敏锐观察可以提高倾听技
巧。答案是
D
段的这么一句:
It' s helpful to

remember
that
the
ways
people
move
and
position themselves while they are speaking can
reveal

a great deal about what they are saying
。记住说

话人的移动方式和姿势是很有用的,这些可以

揭示出很多他们所说话的信息。
连说话的姿势都
要记住,当然是
keen observation
了,
helpful
可以对应于
support



第六题,
当别人 在说话的时候去想着另外一件事
是很危险的。答案是
B
段的这么一句:

if
you
allow
your
mind
to
wander
onto
something
else,
even
for
a
few
minutes,
you'll
miss what

the speaker is s aying
如果你让自己走神了,
哪怕
是仅有的几分钟,你也将错过别人所说的话。< br>
allow your mind wander onto something else

就是
think about a different issue.

第七题,人们不介意听到他们自己的观点被总
结。答案是
C
段的这 么一句:
In fact it is

often
worth
explaining
the
main
idea
of
what
you have just been told before going on to make

your own points. Nobody is offended by this

实上在作出自己观点之前往往很值得解释下刚

刚所听到内容的主要观点。
没有人会被这个所冒
犯。
explaining the main idea of what you have

just
been
told
也就是
hearing
their
own
views

summarised

do not mind
也就是
nobody is

offended by this



Finding the right people

When
a
small
company
grows,
managers
must
take on many new roles. Besides the day-to-day

running
of
the
business,
they
find
themselves
responsible
for,
among
other
things,
relations
with

outside
investors,
increased
levels
of
cashflow
and, hardest of all, recruitment.

For
most
managers
of
small
and
medium- sized
enterprises,
interviewing

and
selecting
staff
is
difficult
and
time-consuming.
(0) ... .G... .
Interviewing,
for
example, is a

highly skilled activity in itself.

'We
have
found
the
whole
process
very
hard,'
says
Dan
Baker,
founding
partner
of
a
PR
company.

'In
seven
years
we
have
grown
from
five
to
eighteen staff, but we have not found it easy to
locate

and
recruit
the
right
people.'
(8).........As
Dan
the
job
of
searching
for,

Baker explains, 'We went to one for our first

recruitment drive, but they took a lot of money
in
advance
and
didn't
put
forward
anybody
suitable.

In the end we had to do it ourselves.'

Most
recruitment
decisions
are
based
on
a
pile
of CVs, a couple of short interviews and two

cautious
references.
David
Rowe,
a
business
psychologist,
studied
how
appointments
were
made

in five small companies. He claims that selection
was rarely based on clear criteria. (9).........

This kind of approach to recruitment often has
unhappy
consequences
for
both
employers
and
new

recruits.

Small
companies
often
know
what
kind
of
person they are looking for. (10)......... According
to

David
Rowe,
this
means
that
small
company
managers
themselves
have
to
devote
more
time
and


energy to recruitment. It shouldn't be something
that is left to the evenings or weekends.

Many
companies
start
the
recruitment
process
with
over-optimistic
ideas
about
the
type
of
person

that will fit into their team. 'It's very easy to say
you must have the best people in the top

positions,' says Alex Jones, managing partner of
an
executive
recruitment
company.
'But
someone

who is excellent in one company may not do so
well in another environment.(11).........You can

never guarantee a successful transfer of skills.'

Whatever
the
candidate's
qualifications,
their
personal
qualities
are
just
as
important
since
they

will have
to
integrate with
existing
members
of
staff. This is where, the recruitment industry

argues, they can really help.

According
to
Alex
Jones,
'A
good
recruitment
agency will visit your company and ask a lot of

questions.
(12).........They
can
ask
applicants
all

sorts
of
questions
you
don't
like
to
ask
and
present

you with a shortlist of people who not only have
the skills, but who are likely to fit in with your

company's way of doing things.'

A finance director in a big company, for example,
will often make a terrible small company

finance
director
because
he
or
she
is
used
to
having a team doing the day-to-day jobs.

B
More
often
than
not,
the
people
making
the
choice
prioritised
different
qualities
in
candidates or

relied on guesswork.

C
Recruitment
would
seem
an
obvious
task
to
outsource, but the company's experience of

recruitment agencies was not encouraging.

D They need paying for that, of course, but you
will have them working for you and not for the

candidate.

E They are usually in very specific markets and
the
problem
they
face
is
that
recruitment
agencies


may not really understand the sector.

F This means that companies cannot spend more
than the standard ten minutes interviewing each

applicant.

G
Yet
few
are
trained
and
competent
for
all
aspects of the task.


Finding the right people
,寻找合适的人。是说
的小公司在起步发展阶段找到合适人才的

难度和重要性。
第一段总论小公司的经理们往往
身兼数职,而其中最有难度的,还是招人。< br>
文章介绍了找到合适的人应该注意的问题,
并且
说招人这种事不可能过度寄希 望于招聘机

构。


第八题,
这一题的前面说招人相当的困难,
后面
一个
as Dan Baker explains
,说曾经找

过招聘机构,
结果人家要提前收 钱并且也没有提
供合适的人,最后还是得靠自己。从这里的

as

explains
和后面的解释可以看出,
第八空的
内容应该是和招聘机构有关,招 聘机构并不

能满足公司的需要。选项
C
正好满足这一特点:
招聘看 起来像是个很明显的适合交外办理

的任务,
但是这个公司同招聘机构打交道的经历

不那么的鼓舞人。
was not encouraging
是关

键点。


第九题,
这一段都是讲招人的决策不够科学。

于简历或者是简短的面试,很少有明













This
kind
of
approach to recruitment often has unhappy

consequences
。可见第九空的内容还是和招 聘的
方法有关,并且是负面的。
B
选项符合这一

条件:通常(
more often
than not

ofte n
的意
思,插入语)
,做决定的人将候选人身上的不

同素质按优先顺序给排好,或者依赖于猜测。


第十题,这一题的后面说
this
means
the
small
company managers themselves have to

devote more time and energy to recruitment
。这
意味着小公司自己要多花时间和精力在招人上。

这里的
this means

this
是个暗示,
可以看 出第
十题这里应该填入的是一些不太有利的因素,

使得公司只有自己去招人。
E
选项符合这一要
求:他们通常处于一些特殊市场上,面临的问

题是招聘机构并不真正理解这一行业。


第十一题,
这一段是讲招 的人能否适应公司的环
境的问题。这一空前面说的很明确:

coke是什么意思-卡劳


coke是什么意思-卡劳


coke是什么意思-卡劳


coke是什么意思-卡劳


coke是什么意思-卡劳


coke是什么意思-卡劳


coke是什么意思-卡劳


coke是什么意思-卡劳



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