我爱发明以水为刀独立宣言中英对照

2021年1月26日发(作者：毛周)

The Declaration of Independence

The Declaration of Independence of the Thirteen Colonies In CONGRESS, July 4, 1776


The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America,





When
in
the
Course
of
human
events,
it
becomes
necessary
for
one
people
to
dissolve
the
political
bands
which
have
connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of
Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes
which impel them to the separation.





在人类历史事件的进程中，当一个民族必须解除其与另一个民族之间迄 今所存在着的政治联系、而在世界列国之中
取得那“自然法则”和“自然神明”所规定给他们的独立与平 等的地位时，就有一种真诚的尊重人类公意的心理，要求
他们一定要把那些迫使他们不得已而独立的原因 宣布出来。






We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain
unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. --That to secure these rights, Governments are
instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, --That whenever any Form of Government
becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its
foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and
Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes;
and
accordingly
all
experience
hath
shewn,
that
mankind
are
more
disposed
to
suffer,
while
evils
are
sufferable,
than
to
right
themselves
by
abolishing
the
forms
to
which
they
are
accustomed.
But
when
a
long
train
of
abuses
and
usurpations,
pursuing
invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off
such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security. --Such has been the patient sufferance of these Colonies;
and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems of Government. The history of the present King
of Great Britain [George III] is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an
absolute Tyranny over these States. To prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world.





我们认为这些真理是不言而喻的：人人生而平等，他们都从他们的“造 物主”那边被赋予了某些不可转让的权利，
其中包括生命权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。为了保障这些权 利，所以才在人们中间成立政府。而政府的正当权力，则
系得自被统治者的同意。如果遇有任何一种形式 的政府变成损害这些目的的，那末，人民就有权利来改变它或废除它，
以建立新的政府。这新的政府，必 须是建立在这样的原则的基础之上，并且是按照这样的方式来组织它的权力机关，庶
几就人民看来那是最 能够促进他们的安全和幸福的。诚然，谨慎的心理会主宰着人们的意识，认为不应该为了轻微的、
暂时的 原因而把设立已久的政府予以变更；而过去一切的经验也正是表明，只要当那些罪恶尚可容忍时，人类总是宁愿< br>默然忍受，而不愿废除他们所习惯了的那种政治形式以恢复他们自己的权利。然而，当一个政府恶贯满盈、 倒行逆施、
一贯地奉行着那一个目

标，显然是企图把人民抑压在绝对专制主义的淫威 之下时，人民就有这种权利，人民就有这种义
务，来推翻那样的政府，而为他们未来的安全设立新的保障 。
----
我们这些殖民地的人民过去一向是默然忍辱吞声，而现
在却被迫地必须起来 改变原先的政治体制，其原因即在于此。现今大不列颠国王的历史，就是一部怙恶不悛、倒行逆施
的历史 ，他那一切的措施都只有一个直接的目的，即在我们各州建立一种绝对专制的统治。为了证明这一点，让我们把< br>具体的事实胪陈于公正的世界人士之前：






He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good.





他一向拒绝批准那些对于公共福利最有用和最必要的法律。






He has forbidden his Governors to pass Laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their operation till
his Assent should be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them.





他一向禁止他的总督们批准那些紧急而迫切需要的法令，除 非是那些法令在未得其本人的同意以前，暂缓发生效力；
而在这样展缓生效的期间，他又完全把那些法令 置之不理。






He has refused to pass other Laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those people would relinquish
the right of Representation in the Legislature, a right inestimable to them and formidable to tyrants only.





他一向拒绝批准其他的把广大地区供人民移居垦殖的法令，除非那些人民愿意放弃 其在立法机关中的代表权。此项


代表权对人民说来实具有无可估量的意义，而只有对暴君说来才是可怕的。






He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their public
Records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures.





他一向是把各州的立法团体召集到那些特别的、 不方便的、远离其公文档案库的地方去开会。其唯一的目的就在使
那些立法团体疲于奔命，以服从他的指 使。






He
has
dissolved
Representative
Houses
repeatedly,
for
opposing
with
manly
firmness
his
invasions
on
the
rights
of
the
people.





他屡次解散各州的议 会，因为这些议会曾以刚强不屈的坚毅的精神，反抗他那对于人民权利的侵犯。






He
has
refused
for
a
long
time,
after
such
dissolutions,
to
cause
others
to
be
elected;
whereby
the
Legislative
powers,
incapable of Annihilation, have returned to the People at large for their exercise; the State remaining in the mean time exposed to
all the dangers of invasion from without, and convulsions within.





他在解散各州的议会以后，又长时期地不让人民 另行选举；这样，那不可抹杀的“立法权”便又重新回到广大人民
的手中，归人民自己来施行了；而这时 各州仍然险象环生，外有侵略的威胁，内有动乱的危机。






He has endeavoured to prevent the population of these States; for that purpose obstructing the Laws for Naturalization of
Foreigners;
refusing
to
pass
others
to
encourage
their
migrations
hither,
and
raising
the
conditions
of
new
Appropriations
of
Lands.





他一向抑制各州人口的增加；
为此目的，
他阻止批准
“外籍人归化法案”
；
他又拒绝批准其他的鼓励人民移殖的法令，
并且更提高 了新的“土地分配法令”中的限制条例。






He has obstructed the Administration of Justice, by refusing his Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary powers.





他拒绝批准那些设置司法权力机关的法案，借此来阻止司法工作的执行。






He has made Judges dependent on his Will alone, for the tenure of their offices, and the amount and payment of their salaries.





他一向要使法官的任期年限及其薪金的数额，完全由他个人的意志来决定。






He
has
erected
a
multitude
of
New
Offices,
and
sent
hither
swarms
of
Officers
to
harass
our
people,
and
eat
out
their
substance.





他滥设了许多新的官职，派了大批的官吏到这边来箝制我们人民，并且盘食我们的民脂民膏。






He has kept among us, in times of peace, Standing Armies without the consent of our legislatures.





在和平的时期，他不得到我们立法机关的同意，就把常备军驻屯在我们各州。






He has affected to render the Military independent of and superior to the Civil power.





他一向是使军队不受民政机关的节制，而且凌驾于民政机关之上。






He has combined
with
others
to
subject us
to
a
jurisdiction
foreign
to our
constitution
and
unacknowledged
by
our
laws;
giving his Assent to their Acts of pretended Legislation:





他一向与其他的人狼狈为奸，要我们屈伏在那种与我们的宪法格格不入，并且没有被我们的法 律所承认的管辖权之
下；他批准他们那些假冒的法案来达到以下目的：






For Quartering large bodies of armed troops among us:





把大批的武装部队驻扎在我们各州；






For protecting them, by a
mock Trial, from punishment for any Murders which they should commit on the Inhabitants of
these States:





用一种欺骗性的审判来包庇那些武装部队，使那 些对各州居民犯了任何谋杀罪的人得以逍遥法外；






For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world:





割断我们与世界各地的贸易；






For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent:





不得到我们的允许就向我们强迫征税；






For depriving us, in many cases, of the benefits of Trial by Jury:





在许多案件中剥夺我们在司法上享有“陪审权”的利益；






For transporting us beyond Seas to be tried for pretended offences:





以“莫须有”的罪名，把我们逮解到海外的地方去受审；