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informationization专八改错

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2021-01-28 02:27
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informationization-血库

2021年1月28日发(作者:profiles)


2000



-2015


年专八短文改错试卷



2015


年< /p>


3



21


日专业 八级考试改错



When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular show


on ice by the mother of a friend. Looked round a the luxury of the


















1.


______



rink, my friend



s mother remarked on the



plus h



seats we had been


given. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my





















2.


______



vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context.



P lush




was clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation




that

















3.


______



much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So I





















4.


______



started to use the word. Yes, I replied, they certainly are plush, and


so are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, aren



t they? My


friend



s mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her















5.


______



expression that I had not got the word quite right.


Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughly


means, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both




















6.


______



new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in our



















7.


______



own first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should have


asked for Plush, and this is particularly true in the
































8.


______



aspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by



















9.


______



speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly,



but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English.


So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap.





























10.


______




2014


改错



There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged


as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s.




There is a high level of agreement that the following questions (1) ______




have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (2) ______




l Is it possible to acquire an additional language in the




same sense one acquires a first language? (3) ______




l What is the explanation for the fact adults have (4) ______




more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?




l What motivates people to acquire additional language?




l What is the role of the language teaching in the (5) ______




acquisition of additional languages?




l What social-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying the




learning of additional languages?




From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (6) ______




the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far have




one thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiring




of an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (7) ______




so. Whether one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an addi


tional




language, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (8) ______




focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of an




individual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities are




involving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (9) ______




or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in the




classroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (10) ______



2013


专八短文改错试卷




Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processes



involved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding,



production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with






(1) _____


listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language.


One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually





(2) ______


happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately.

















(3) ______


Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page,




(4) ______


you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptional



circumstances we might



become aware of the complexity














(5) ______


involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it





if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has influenced











(6) ______


their language




if we observe a child acquire language




if
















(7) ______


we try to learn a second language ourselves as an adult




or



if we are visually impaired or hearing-impaired or if we meet



anyone else who is. As we shall see, all these examples
















(8) ______


of what might be called



language in exceptional circumstances




reveal a great deal about the processes evolved in speaking,













(9) ______


listening, writing and reading. But given that language processes



were normally so automatic, we also need to carry out careful











(10) ______


experiments to get at what is happening.



2012




The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. The argument


has been going since at least the first



































(1) ______


century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19


th


century, many writers


favoured certain kind of



free



translation: the spirit, not the letter




the








(2) _______


sense not the word




the message rather the form




the matter not














(3) _______


the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who












(4) _______


wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 19


th











(5) _______


century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested that


the linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language















(6) _______


was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible







(7) _______


gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as




(8) _______


literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the















(9) _______


extreme



literali sts



Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.


The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, the


nature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Too


often, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified with


each other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains.




(10) _____



2011


年专八真题改错部分




From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew


that when I grew I should be a writer. Between the ages of about


1__________


seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so


with the conscience that I was outraging my true nature and that


2___________


soon or later I should have to settle down and write books.


3___________


I was the



child of three, but there was a gap of five years


4__________


on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For



this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developed



disagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my


5_____________


schooldays. I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories and


holding conversations with imaginative persons, and I think from


6_________


the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of


7________


being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with words



and a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created


8________


a sort of private world which I could get my own back for my failure


9________


in everyday life. Therefore, the volume of serious



i.e. seriously


10________


intended



writing which I produced all through my childhood and



boyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first


poem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.



2010


年专八真题改错部分



So far as we can tell, all human languages are equally



complete and perfect as instruments of communication: that is,



every language appears to be well equipped as any other to say


1________________


the things their speakers want to say.



2________________


There may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive 3________________


peoples or cultures, but that is another matter. Certainly, not all



groups of people are equally competent in nuclear physics or



psychology or the cultivation of rice . Whereas this is not the


4_____________


fault of their language. The Eskimos , it is said, can speak about


snow with further more precision and subtlety than we can in



5______________


English, but this is not because the Eskimo language (one of those



sometimes miscalled 'primitive') is inherently more precise and



subtle than English. This example does not come to light a defect


6______________


in English, a show of unexpected 'primitiveness'. The position is


simply and obviously that the Eskimos and the English live in similar 7____________



environments. The English language will be just as rich in terms



8____________


for different kinds of snow, presumably, if the environments in which


Englishwas habitually used made such distinction as important.


9_____________



Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo language



could be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufacture



or cricket if these topics formed the part of the Eskimos' life.



10____________




2009


The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passes


from one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference




(1)___________


between school lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore a verse,






learnt in early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the


(2)___________


little listener


has grown up, and has children of their own, or even


(3)____________


grandchildren.


The period between learning a nursery rhyme and


transmitting it may be something from twenty to seventy years. With


(4)_____________


the playground lore, therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed


(5)___________


on within the very hour it is learnt




and in the general, it passes


(6)_____________


between children of the same age, or nearly so, since it is uncommon



for the difference in age between playmates to be more than five



years. If ,therefore, a playground rhyme can be shown to have been


currently for a hundred years, or even just for fifty, it follows that it



(7)__________


has been retransmitted over and over




very possibly it has passed



(8)___________


along a chain of two or three hundred young hearers and tellers, and


the wonder is that it remains live after so much handling,



(9)____________


to let alone that it bears resemblance to the







(10)____________



2008


年专八真题



短文改错




The desire to use language as a sign of national identity is a


very natural one, and in result language has played a prominent




____1____


part in national moves. Men have often felt the need to cultivate




____2____


a given language to show that they are distinctive from another





____3____



race whose hegemony they resent. At the time the United States



____4____


split off from Britain, for example, there were proposals that


independence should be linguistically accepted by the use of a




____5____


different language from those of Britain. There was even one




____6____



proposal that Americans should adopt Hebrew. Others favoured


the adoption of Greek, though, as one man put it, things would


certainly be simpler for Americans if they stuck on to English




____7____



and made the British learn Greek. At the end, as everyone






____8____



knows, the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactory


solution of carrying with the same language as before.








____9____


Since nearly two hundred years now, they have shown the world


____10____


that political independence and national identity can be complete


without sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a common


language.



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2015



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2013


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2012


参考答案:



1



going




since


-加入


on


题解:


go on


的意思是“继续”< /p>


,符合句子表达的含义“争论一直在继续”



2



certain

< p>
-改为


a certain


题解:此处要表达的 意思是“很多作家喜欢一种自由的翻译方法”


,第一次出现这种方法应该加上不定


冠词。



3



rather


-改为


not


题解:根据原句的句子结构,


rather


应改为


not




4



is


-改为


was


题解:此句应该为过去时。



5



in


-改为



at


6


.题解:


at the turn of 19


th


century


“十 九世纪之初”


,是固定搭配。



7



the


-删去第二个


the

informationization-血库


informationization-血库


informationization-血库


informationization-血库


informationization-血库


informationization-血库


informationization-血库


informationization-血库



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