后悔的英文托福语法讲解

1995

年

01

月语法 题

1.

An underlying assumption of most market research is that people are continually _____

financial decisions based on their desire for goods that give them the most satisfaction.

(A) making

(B) and make

(C) being made

(D) having made

答案：

A

测试点：谓语。

分析：

that

从句中有主语但谓语不全，选择

(A)ma king

与系词

and

组成进行时。< /p>

解题要点：

continully

和

always

等词常与进行时连用，表示 “一贯如此”

。

2.

_____

tempera

paint,

the

artist

mixes

dry

pigments

with

water

until

the

mixture

resembles a stiff paste.

(A) In preparation

(B) The preparing of

(C) To prepare

(D) Prepared

答案：

C

测试点：状语／不定式。

分析：逗号 后为句子，逗号前为状语。动词不定式

(C)

作目的状语。

3.

When two straight lines meet, _____ an angle.

(A) it is formed

(B) formed

(C) they form

(D) to form

答案：

C

测试点：主谓结构。

分析：逗号前为

when

引导的从句，逗号后应是主句。主句主、谓语俱缺，应 在答案

中选择主语

+

动词的形式，

即

(A)

或

(C)

。

(A)

用 了形式主语

n

，

但空格后并无真正的主 语部分。

故选

(C)

4.

Madge

Macklin

promoted

the

expansion

of

medical

training

to

include

genetics

_____

supported the founding of genetics departments in North American medical schools.

(A) nor

(B) and

(C) while

(D) if

答案：

B

测试点：连词。

分析：空格前为主谓 语完整的句子，空格后又出现一谓语动词，即全句有一个主语，两个

< br>谓语。这两个谓语动词之间应用

and

连接，故选

(B)

。

(A)

用于 否定句

;(C)

后接句子或现在分

词短 语

;(D)

接从句。

5.

_____

mammals

have

hair

at

some

time

in

their

lives,

though

in

certain

whales

it

is

present only before birth.

(A) Most

(B) The most

(C) Most of which

(D) In most of the

答案：

A

测试点：定语。

分析：空格后主语、 谓语俱全，所缺为定语。应在答案中选择形容词，即

(A)

。< /p>

most

表

示 “大多数”时，不是最高级的符号，前面不用

the

，且

mammals

为泛指的复数名词，前

面不用 冠词，故

(B)the

多余。

6.

The

digestive

enzyme

pepsin

breaks

down

proteins

into

components

_____

readily

absorbed by the human body.

(A) that can be

(B) and are

(C) which they

(D) are to be

答案：

A

测试点：主谓结构／被动语态。

分析 ：空格前为完整的句子，其后为从句。从句连接词兼主语、谓语俱缺

,

应在答案中选择

主语

+

动词的 形式，即

(A)

或

(C)

。空格后动后面出现

by+

名词词组，说明谓语应是 被动式的。

故选

(A)

。

7.

_____

the

precise

qualities

of

the

hero

in

literary

works

may

vary

over

time,

the

basic

exemplary function of the hero seems to remain constant.

(A) Whatever

(B) Even though

(C) In spite of

(D) Regardless

答案：

B

测试点：从句连接词。

分析：

逗号后为主句，

逗号前从句主谓完整，

缺连接 词。

(A)

或

(B)

< br>都可后接从句，

但

(A)whoever

应在从句中兼作主语或宾语，但空格后从句有主语

qualities

，且谓语动词

way

vary

不需要

带宾语，故

(A)

错， 选

(B)

。

解题要点：

4

个答案中如有

Even though

出现，应首先以予考虑。

8.

Not

until

the

dedication

of

Yellowstone

Park

in

the

late

nineteenth

century

_____

a

national park.

(A) the United States had

(B) did the United States have

(C) when the United States had

(D) the United States having

答案：

B

测试点：倒装句。

分析：

Not until

在句首，要 求主谓倒装。应在答案中寻找动词

+

主语的形式，即

。

解题要点：遇 到

Notuntil

在句首的句子，在

4

个答案中先看以动词开头的那一个。

9.

Daniel Ken Inouye, Hawaii's first Congressman, was elected to the United States Senate in

1963, where _____ known for his unbiased views on civil issues.

(A) being

(B) it is he

(C) he became

(D) having become

答案：

C

分析：主谓结构。

测试点：

where

后接从句，从句缺主语，且

know n

不能单独作谓语，说明谓语缺失一部分。

应在答案中选择主语

+

动词的形式，即

(C)

。

10.

Because caricature tends to emphasize the peculiarities of a subject, _____ an effective

vehicle for pictorial satire.

(A) which is often

(B) and often seen as

(C) it is often

(D) many of which are

答案：

C

分析：主谓结构。

测试点

逗号前为

Because

引导的从句，逗号后应为主句。主句主、谓语俱缺，应在答案中

选择主语

+

动词的形式，即

(C)(A)(D)

均为从句形式

.

11. In the nineteenth century, Samuel Gridley Howe founded the Pekins School for the Blind,

_____ for children in Boston, Massachusetts.

(A) that institutes

(B) while instituted

(C) was an institution

(D) an institute

答案：

D

测试点：同位语。

分析：逗号前为句 子，逗号后应是从句或短语。

(A)(B)(C)

均不能与空格 后的成份构成完整

的从句，故选

(D)

构成名词短语，说明宾语

the Perkins School for the Blind

是什么。

12.

Early forms of life on Earth, _____ in the absence of oxygen, required elements such as

sulfur instead.

(A) which lived

(B) whose life

(C) lived

(D) were living

答案：

A

测试点：定语从句。

分析：

句子主、

谓语完整，

主谓之间用逗号隔开的部分 应为定语或同位语。

(A)

为定语从句。

13.

People in prehistoric times created paints by grinding materials such as plants and clay

into powder _____.

(A) water to be added

(B) for adding water then

(C) and water added

(D) and then adding water

答案：

D

测试点：并列结构连词。

分析：前后 两个动作

grinding

…和

add ing

…用

and(

血

en)

连接。

14.

Often very annoying weeds, _____ and act as hosts to many insect pests.

(A) that crowd out less hardy plants than goldenrods

(B) crowding out less hardy plants by goldenrods

(C) the goldenrod's crowding out of less hardy plants

(D) goldenrods crowd out less hardy plants

答案：

D

测试点：主谓结构／并列结构。

分析 ：逗号前为短语，逗号后为句子。空格后只剩下

and+

谓语动 词

+

…，说明句子缺主语

和另一个谓语 部分。应在答案中选择主语

+

动词

+< /p>

…的形式，即

(D)

。

< br>

15.

Starting around 7000 B. C., and for the next four thousand years, much of the Northern

Hemisphere _____ temperatures warmer than at present.

(A) with experience of

(B) experienced

(C) experiencing

(D) experience