-什么事
英语常用词素表
一．
常见的前缀
(1)
表示数量的前缀
1
）
semi-(L) hemi
(G)
半
semiannually
semicolon
semi-colonial
semi-conductor
semimonthly
semiautomatic
semi-feudal
semifinal
semiliterate
semiofficial
semiweekly
hemisphere
semitransparent
semi-sphere
semi-cycle
2)uni-(L)
一
uniform
unilateral
unanimous
一致的
unique
union
unison
unit
unite
unity
unisex
universe
university
3)mono-(GK)
一
monotonous
单调的
monograph
专题论文
monopoly
垄断
monologue
独白
monorail
单轨
monogamy
一夫一妻制
monosyllable
单音节
monolateral
单边
monodrama
独角戏
monologist
独角戏表演者
monolingual
单语的
monochrome
单色
monocrop
单一作物
monocultural
文化单一的
monarch
君主
monoculture
单种栽培
monographer
专著作家
monology
独语僻
4)bi-(L)
二
bicycle
binocular
biweekly
bimonthly
bilateral
biplane
binary
bilingual
bipartisan
bicentennial
bichrome
bigamy
bicolor
bicorn
bicultural
bicyclist
biceps
二头肌
biconditional
bicommunal
5)di(GK)
二
dialogue
dioxide
diode
dilemma
diphthong
dialinguistics(
双语学
)
6
）
ambi-(L)
二
ambidextrous
双手熟练的
ambiguous
模棱两可的
ambivalence
矛盾心理
ambiguity
歧义
ambilingual
双语的
ambisexual
两性人
ambisyllable
双音节
ambitendency
矛盾心理
ambivert
中间性格
ambiversion
中间性格
amb
isonics
高保真度立体声复制
7) amphi (GK)
二
amphibian
两栖
amphichromatic
双色的
amphibology(
语言模棱两可
)
8
）
tri
(GK,L)
三
triangle
trigonometry
tripod
trilogy
triode
triple
tricycle
9)deci-(L)
十分之一
decimeter
deciliter
decibel
decimal
decigram
10)deca-(GK),
十
decade
decameron
decagon
11)centi-(L)
百分之一
centigrade
cent
century
centennial
centipede
12)kilo-(GK)
千
kilometer
kilogram
kilowatt
kilocycle
13)
milli-(L)
千
millimeter
milligram
millennium
14) myria(GK)
万
myriameter
myriorama
myriad
15)mega(GK)
百万
megacycle
megaphone
megaton
1
16)micro-(GK)<
/p>
百万分之一
micro-organism
micro-wave
microwave
micro-film
micro-print
micro-climate
micro-balance
micro-switch
micro-surgery
micro-book
micro-world
micro-particle
micro-crack
micro-file
micro-crobe
micro-explosion
micro-earthquake
micro-
electronics
micro-phone
micro-scope
micro-chemistry
microwave
microcode
microcomputer
17)multi-(L)
多
multiple choice
multi-national
multitude
multiply
multi-purpose
multiracial
multilateral
multi-polar
multi-molecular
multi-channel
multiform
multi-head
multi-centric
multi-role
multiparty
multiple
multiple store
multiprobe
multitasking
multiversity
18)poly-(GK)
多
polytechnical
polyclinic
polygamy
polycentric
polymer
Polynesia
polysemy
polysyllable
polygon
polypoly
polyandry
polycentrist
19)mini-(L)
小
minibus
minicrystal
minicoat
miniboom
minicomputer
miniwatergate
minisummit
minicam
minicab
ministate
minipark
minitrain
miniwar
minitype
minigun
minicar
miniskirt
minicrisis
minikin
minimal
miniature
minify
minimize
minimum
minister
minipants
minor
minority
minus
minute
20) maxi-(L)
大
maxicoat
maxiskirt
maxiorder
maximum
maxishorts
maximize
maximal
maximazation
(2)
表示否定的前缀
1
）
a-(
变体为
an,
用在元音之前
)
（
GK
）表示缺乏某种性质
。
apathetic
aseptic
athermal
asexual
atypical
anaemia
anarchy
amorphous
avitaminous
amoral
2)anti-
(
变体为
ant-,
用在元音及辅音
h
之前
)
（
<
/p>
GK
）表示‘反对，反面’等意思
。
the Anti-Japanese
War
antibiotics
antibody
anticancer
antipathy
Antarctic
antiaircraft gun
3)contra (L)
表示“相反，反对”
。
contrast
contrary
contradict
contraceptive
4) counter (L)
表示“相反
”
2
counterpart
counter-revolutionary
counteraction
counterclaim
counterattack
counterclockwise
countercharge
counterculture
counterevidence
counterexample
counterembargo
countercase
5)de(L)
< br>表示“相反
”
和“去除”等意思。
decolor
decomposition
demilitarize
demagnetize
demobilize
deform
destruction
decapitate
decentralize
deescalate
demystify
detach
depenalize
depollute
debureaucritize
deration
defame
de-oil
decode
defuse
defrost
debug
6)dis-(L)
表示“否定或相
反”的意思。
disable
disadvantage
disagree
disappear
disappoint
disarm
disaster
discard
discharge
discontinue
discomfort
discount
discourage
discover
disorder
disease
dishonorable
dissatisfaction
disproof
dissuade
7)i
n-(
变体为
ig,il,im,ir,)
表示否定意义
。
inaccessible
inaccurate
inadequate
incapable
incompatible
incredible
indefinite
indispensable
ineffective
inevitable
inexpensive
infinite
innocent
innumerable
inorganic
insignificant
instability
insufficient
invariably
invisible
ignoble
ignorance
illegal
illogical
illiterate
immoral
impatient
imperfect
improper
impurity
irregular
irresponsible
irrespective
irreversible
8)m
al-
含有“坏，不当”的意思
。
maltreat
malnutrition
malediction
malformation
malefactor
maladministration
malpractice
malfunction
9)mis-(OE)
表示错误或否定的意思。
misdeed
misfire
misfortune
misguided
mislead
misspell
misprint
misuse
mistrust
mistake
mispronounce
misrepresent
misunderstand
10)non-(L)
表示否定的意思。
nonconformist
noninterference
nonsense
non-smoker
nonviolence
non-stop flight
non-achiever
non-addict
non-
color
non-book(
非书
)
11
）
un(OE)
表示“否定，相反”的意思
。
uncertain
unconscious
undesirable
unemployment
unfair
unfit
unfortunately
unheard-of
unload
unlock
unbend
undo
unsuitable
unfasten
untie
undress
3
(3)
表示空间和时间的前缀
1
）
ab-
表示“脱离，分离”
(away,off,from,apar
t)
abnormal
absent
abuse
absorb
abstract
2) ad-,
意思是‘朝向，附近，增减为
< br>(to,towards,at ,near,into )
。
’
变体
为
(ac-,af-,al-,an,ap,as,at,)
。
adapt
address
adequate
adhere
adjacent
adjective
adjoin
admire
adopt
admission
adventure
advertise
advocate
accent
accelerate
access
accommodate
accompany
accomplish
accord
account
accumulate
accuse
accustom
acquisition
acquaint
acquire
affect
affirm
afford
aggravate
aggressive
allege
alleviate
allot
announce
annul
ally
appendix
appetite
applaud
appliance
appoint
appreciate
approach
approve
approximate
arrange
array
arrest
arrow
assemble
assess
assign
attain
associate
assist
assume
assure
attach
attract
attribute
3)amb-
(GK)
意思是“周围”
（
aroun
d,about
）
.
ambient
ambition
ambush
4)ante-(L)
表示‘在前面
或早于’
。
anteroom
antecedent
antedate
5)by-(O
E)
表示“副”
，
“次要的”
。
byend
bylaw
bypass
bypath
byproduct
byroad
bywork
6)circum-(L)
表示‘周围，环绕’
circuit
circulate
circumstance
circumlocution
circus
encircle
circular
circumference
circumcircle
circle
circumnavigation
cycle
bicycle
encyclopedia
7)de-(L)
表示‘向下，离开’
。
decay
decline
degradation
depend
deposit
depress
descend
depart
deviate
department
deficiency
default
deflect
8)dia-(G
K)
表示“通过”
（
through,
between
）
。
diagnose
diagram
dialogue
diameter
9)dis-(
变
体为
di)(L)
表示“分离，离去
”
。
dismiss
displace
dispel
dissipate
dissolve
distribute
dimension
diverse
divorce
distinguish
distillation
10)ex-(
< br>变体为
e,ee,ef,)(GK,L)
表示“外面或向
外
”
.
exceed
exceedingly
excellent
except
exception
excess
exclaim
exhaust
exhibit
exhibition
exit
exact
emit
emigrate
exotic
exodus
expand
expenditure
explain
explicit
explode
export
expose
exposition
4
extend
extensive
exterior
external
extract
有时这个词缀表示‘前任’
。
ex-president
ex-husband
ex-serviceman
ex-mayor ex-convict
11)extra-(L)
表示“外面和通过
”
。
extra
extraordinary
extravagant
12)fore-(OE)
表示时间或空间上的前面
。
forearm
foreleg
forefront
foresee
forecast
foregoing
foreground
forewarn
forehead
foretell
foreword
13)in-(
变体为
il, im,
ir) ,
表示“内部，向内”
。
(in,into,upon)
include
income
incorporate
induce
ingredient
inherent
inject
inland
inlet
input
insert
insight
inspire
intake
invade
invest
investigate
imprison
involve
inward
illuminate
immigrate
impact
implement
import
impression
14)inter-
表示“相互，之间”
。
interact
interchange
intercourse
interconnect
intermediate
international
interplanetary
interpret
interrupt
interdepend
intervene
interview
interpersonal
interfere
interbehaviorism
15)out-(OE),
表示“外面，向外和超过”
。
outbreak
outcome
outdoor
outlet
outline
outlook
output
outnumber
out-patient
outsider
outstanding
16)over-(OE)
表示‘在上面，超越，过分’
。
overact
overall
overburden
overcharge
overcoat
overcome
overcritical
overflow
overestimate
overhang
overhead
overlap
overload
overlook
overnight
overseas
overtake
overwhelm
17)per-(L)
< br>表示“穿过，完全”
。
perceive
perfect
perform
performance
persist
persuade
pervade
18)post-(L)
表示时间或空间上的后面
。
postscript
postwar
postpone
postgraduate
post-modernism
posthumous
19)pr
e-(L),
表示时间或空间上的前面。
precaution
precede
preceding
unprecedented
predecessor
predict
predominant
preface
prefer
pre-election
prehistoric
preheat
preliminary
prelude
prepare
preposition
prerequisite
prescribe
preserve
president
presume
pretend
prevent
previous
20)pro-(GK)
表示表示时间，空间或顺
上的“前面”
。
procedure
proceed
process
procession
proclaim
produce
profession
profile
profit
program
progress
project
prominent
promise
promote
pronounce
propel
propose
proposition
prospect
protest
provide
provision
21)re-(L)
表示“返回”
，
“还原
”
“反对”和“相互”的意思。
5
recall
receipt
reconcile
recover
reflect
renew
release
repair
replaceresign
resource
restore
reverse
review
rebel
reclaim
reject
reluctant
repel
resent
resist
restrain
restrict
revolt
reset
response
revenge
remote
remove
retire
redouble
refine
remark
research
respect
resolve
22)sub--(L) (
变体为
suc,
suf ,sug,sup
sus)
，意思是‘在?下面’
，
<
/p>
引申义有“亚”
“副”
“次”
“分”
“再”等
。
sub-committee
sub-conscious
sub-delegate
sub-tropical
sub--band
sub-title
sub-way
sub-system
sub-topic
sub-space
substandard
sub-normal
sub-mersion
sub-mission
subminiature
sub-man
sub-sample
sub-sale
sub-
mark
subdivide
subject
submarine
subordinate
sub-program
subscribe
substance
substitute
suburb
subsoil
sub-water
subtract
succeed
sufficient
suggest
support
supply
suppress
suspend
suspect
sustain
23)super-(L) (
变体为
sur-,sup-)
意思是“
”在。
。
。上面，超过
(on
top,above)
“
superficial
superior
superiority
superman
supermarket
superpower
supersonic
superstructure
superface
surplus
survive
supreme
24)tele-(GK)
表示“远”
。
telegram
telegraph
telephone
telescope
telelecture
telemarketing television
telecommunications(telecom)
telephoto
teleoperator
teleplay
telesat
telescript
telewriter
telerecord
telex
telecamera
teleconfernece
telefilm
teleclass
telecourse
teleport
teleprinter
teleprocessing
telethon
telework
25)trans-(L)
表示“横过
，越过
< br>(across)
”
。
transaction
transfer
transform
transcontinental
transient
transistor
translate
transmit
transparent
transport
transgene
transcentury
transplant
26)ul
tra-(L)
表示“在。
。
。之外<
/p>
(beyond)
”
ultrahigh
超高
ultra-left
ultra-right
ultraviolet
紫外线
ultrasonic
超声波
27)under
(OE)
表示“低于，不足”
underdeveloped
underestimate
undergraduate
underground
underprivileged
underline
underlying
underloaded
underinvestment
underlet
undermine
underpaid
underpass
underpayment
underworld
underneath
undertake
undertone
undertime
underwrite
(4)
表示程度的前缀
page37-38
1
）
extra-(L)
表示“超过的
”
6