-
英语笔译实务（二级）
醉翁之意不在酒
最近，
美国的一些高级经济官员宣称，
人民币兑美元的价值被低估了，
因此人民币应该
升值。这一说法的根据是：中国的外汇储备已达约
3500
亿美元，而中国拥有的美国政府债
券已经
超过
1220
亿美元。从这个意义上说，中国已成为美国的最大
债权国之一，已经占了
上风。
美国政府的这种担心不难理解。曾
几何时，
美国把日本当做替罪羊，
说是日本人抢走
了美国人的饭碗。
然后又指责墨西哥。
现在又指控说
中国人做事不公，
以廉价的币值和较低
的单位成本向美国出口产
品。
在此情况下，美国的高价产品滞销，
美国工厂的库存积压，其结果是工人失业，甚至工
厂关闭。所以，
< br>中国的经济政策应对美国的失业问题负责。此种论调根本站不住脚。如果美
国的消
费者不购买廉价的中国产品，
则需购买高价的同类产品。
因此，
购买中国产品可省下
钱来购买更多的由美国生产的资本密集型或
知识密集型产品。
实际情况是，
中国向美国出口
低价商品可以增加美国人的实际收入。
由此看来，
美国
政府对中国一而再、
再而三地抱怨完
全是醉翁之意不在酒。
What
Are They Driving At?
Recently, some top
U. S. economic officials argue that the RMB yuan
is undervalued vis-à-vis the
U. S.
dollar. Therefore, it is time for the yuan to
appreciate. The basis for their argument is that
China has accumulated about $$350
billion in foreign-currency reserves and over $$122
billion in U.
S. government bonds.
China has, it that sense, become one of the
biggest creditors to the United
States,
which
has
given
China
an
upper
hand
over
the
United
States.
It
is
not
difficult
to
understand why the United
States has such a worry. It was not too long ago
that the Japanese
were made the
scapegoat of the Amerians. They were accused of
taking American jobs. The the
Mexicans
were accused. Now they have found another
accusation, saying that the Chineses are
not fair
–
they
go about exporting to the U.S. by taking advantage
of a cheap yuan which means
lower unit
costs of Chinese goods.
Such being the case, higher priced
American goods are not selling well, and
inventories build up
at U. S.
factories, and the result is layoffs or, even
worse, plant closings. Therefore, it is agued that
China
’
s economic
policies are responsible for the job losses in the
U.S.. An argument of this kind
can
hardly hold water. American consumers either buy
Chinese low priced goods or go elsewhere
to
buy
them
at
higher
prices.
Since
purchases
of Chinese
goods
can
save
money,
it
means
the
Americans
can
make
more
purchases
of
the
more
capital
or
knowledge
intensive
goods
manufactured in the
United States. The fact of the matter is that the
cheap Chinese-made exports
into the
United States can actually increase the real
income of American consumers. It is obvious
that
the
U.
S.
was
making
a
left-handed
complaint
for
ulterior
puposes
by
harping
on
the
“
undervalued<
/p>
”
RMB.
英语笔译实务（二级）
中国从容应对亚洲金融危机
1997
年亚洲金融危机爆发，在周边国家货币大幅贬值、地区及世界金融市场动荡不定
的情况下，
中国从自身实际情况和国际形势的要求出发，
实行人民币汇率稳定的政策。
人民
币保持稳定，对地区
金融市场发挥了重要的稳定锚作用，赢得了广泛的国际赞誉。
由于中国供给能力的提高，
特别是农产品供大于求和农产品价格下降，
< br>使农民的消费能
力增长受到抑制，中国在
2001
年至
2002
年期间出现了轻微的通货紧缩，
2002
年的消费无
增加增长为负
0.4%
。中国政府通过采取积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，开
发西部地区
和增加基础建设投资，
增加外汇储备，
不仅迅速摆脱了亚洲金融风波的影响，
而且同伙紧缩
情况得以改善，中国的物价水平在
2002
年下半年出现了逐月
增长的局面，
2003
年年初的消
费物
价指数已经为正直。
China Stayed Calm in the Face of the
Asian Financial Turmoil
The outbreak of
the financial turmoil in Asia in 1997 caused the
currencies of China
’
s
neighboring
countries to depreciate
considerably, and the regional as well as the
world financial markets to
become
unstable. Under such cirucumstances, in
consideration of Chin
a’
s own
reality and of the
worldwide situation,
China chose to keep its
RMB
’
s exchange rates
unchanged. The stable RMB
exchange
rates
served
as
an
anchor
to
maintain
order
in
the
region
’
s
financial
markets,
which
won general approval
by the international community.
The
increase
in
the
supply
of
goods,
especially
in
farm
produce,
has
caused
the
prices
of
agricultural prodcuts to fall, which in
turn hindered the increase of
farmers
’
consumption. There
was actually a slight deflation in
China in 2001 and 2002, resulting in a minus
growth rate (-0.4%)
in the prices of
consumer goods in 2002. However, because of the
the pro-active fiscal policy and
the
sound
monetary
policy,
the
enchancement
of
the
development
drive
in
China
’
s
western
regions,
the
increased
investment
in
infrastructure
projects,
and
the
enlarged
total
of
foreign
exchange reserve, China not only
overcame the adverse impact of the Asian financial
crisis quickly,
but
also
eased
the
negative
effects
of
deflation.
In
the
second
half
of
2002,
the
price
level
in
China showed an increase month by
month. And the consumer price index in early 2003
turned
for the positive.