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2011
年同等学力人员申请硕士学位
英语水平全国统一考试试题
Paper One
试卷一
(90 minutes)
Part
Ⅰ
Dialogue Communication (10
minutes
，
10
points
，
1 for each)
(
略）
Part
Ⅱ
Vocabulary
(20
minutes
，
10
points
，
0. 5 for each)
Section A
Directions
；
In this section there are 10
sentences
，
each with one word
or phrase underlined.
Choose
the
one
from
the
4
choices
marked
A,
B,
C
and
D
that
best
keeps
the
meaning
of
the
sentence. Then mark the
corresponding letter with a single bar across the
square brackets on your
machine-scoring
ANSWER SHEET.
11.
The
news
reports
completely
overlooked
the
more
profound
political
implications
of
the
events.
A. neglected
B. foresaw
C. explored
D. assessed
12.
Teachers
and
nurses
who
deal
with
children
are
obliged
to
report
cases
of
suspected
child
abuse to authorities.
A.
reminded
B. expected
C. compelled
D. requested
13.
Your grade will be based in large part on the
originality of your ideas.
A.
creativity
B. popularity
C. feasibility
D. flexibility
14.
We
suspect
there
is
a
quite
deliberate
attempt
to
sabotage
the
elections
and
undermine
the
electoral commission.
A.
conscious
B. desperate
C.
clumsy
D. intentional
15. So strange were the circumstances
of my story that I can scarcely believe myself to
have been
a party to them.
A. just
B. hardly
C. almost
D.
definitely
16.
Smoke
particles
and
other
air
pollutants
are
often
trapped
in
the
atmosphere,
thus
forming
dirty fog.
A. constrained
B.
caught
C. concealed
D.
concentrated
17. Employees
in chemical factories are entitled to receive
extra pay for doing hazardous work.
A.
poisonous
B. difficult
C. dangerous
D. harmful
18. Curt Carlson, the wealthiest man in
Minnesota, owned a hotel and travel company with
sales
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reaching in
the neighborhood of $$ 9 billion.
A.
precisely
B. merely
C. substantially
D. approximately
19. The
tendency of the human body to reject
foreign matter is the
main
obstacle
to successful
organ transplantation.
A.
factor
B. constituent
C. barrier
D.
break
20. Whenever you need Tom, he is
always there whether it be an ear or a helping
hand, so you can
always lean on him.
A. count on
B.
benefit from
C. stand for
D. sticks to
Section B
Directions:
In this section,
there are 10 incomplete sentences. For each
sentence there are 4
choices marked A,
B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the
sentence. Then mark the
corresponding
letter
with
a
single
bar
across
the
square
brackets
on
your
machine-
scoring
ANSWER SHEET.
21.
It______ without saying
that consumers would be happier if prices were
lower.
A. takes
B. appears
C. makes
D. goes
22.
The
world
economic
recession
put
an______
end
to
the
steel
market
upturn
that
began
in
2002.
A. irregular
B. illegal
C. abrupt
D.
absurd
23.
I'm______ about
how you discovered my website, and am very glad if
you enjoy it.
A. mysterious
B. furious
C. serious
D. curious
24.
The
Labor
Party's
electoral
strategy,
based
on
an______
with
other
smaller
parties,
has
proved successful.
A. acquaintance
B.
integration
C.
alliance
D.
intimacy
25.
The new
aircraft will be______ to a test of temperatures
of
—
65°
C and
120°
C.
A. suspended
B. suppressed
C. summoned
D.
subjected
26.
The money I
got from teaching on the side was a useful______
to my ordinary income.
A. profit
B. supplement
C.
subsidy
D. replacement
27.
Chinese people are now enjoying better
dental health, as shown by the declining ______ of
tooth decay.
A. treatment
B. incidence
C. consequence
D. misfortune
28.
Many countries have
conservation programs to prevent certain______ of
fish from becoming
extinct.
A. species
B. sources
C.
numbers
D. members
29.
Susan never took any cookery
courses
；
she
learned cooking by______ useful tips from TV
cookery programs.
A. picking
up
B. bringing up
C. putting up
D. pulling up
30.
The President______ his
deputy to act for him while he was abroad.
A.
promoted
B. substituted
C.
authorized
D. displaced.
Part
Ⅲ
Reading Comprehension
(45
minutes, 30 points, 1 for each)
Directions:
There are 5
passages in this part. Each passage is followed by
6 questions or
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unfinished
statements. For each of them there are 4 choices
marked A, B, C and D. Choose the
best
one and mark the corresponding letter with a
single bar across the square brackets on your
machine-scoring
ANSWER
SHEET.
Passage
One
Until last spring, Nia
Parker and the other kids in her neighborhood
commuted to school on
Bus 59. But as
fuel prices rose, the school district needed to
find a way to cut its transportation
costs.
So
the
school
’
s
busing
company
redrew
its
route
map,
eliminating
Nia
’
s
bus
altogether.
Now Nia and her neighbors travel the
half mile to school via a
“
walking school bus
”
一
a
group
of kids, supervised by an adult
or two, who make the walk together.
Like the rest of us, school districts
are feeling pinched by rising fuel
costs
—
and finding new
ways to adapt. The price of diesel fuel
has gone up 34 percent in the past two years. For
the typical
American school district,
bus bills total 5 percent of the budget. As
administrators look to trim,
busing is
an inviting target, since it
doesn
’
t affect classroom
instruction (or test scores). More than
one third of American school
administrators have eliminated bus stops or routes
in order to stay
within budget.
Many parents are delighted to see their
kids walking to
school
，
partly because many
did so
themselves:
according
to
a
1969
survey,
nearly
half
of
school
kids
walked
or
biked
to
school,
compared with only 16 percent in 2001.
Modern parents have been unwilling to let kids
walk to
school
for
fear
of
traffic,
crime
or
simple
bullying,
but
with
organized
adult
supervision,
those
concerns have
diminished.
Schools and busing
companies are finding other ways to save. In rural
areas where busing is
a
must
，
some schools have even
chosen four-day school weeks. Busing companies
instruct drivers
to eliminate extra
stops from routes and to turn off the engine while
idling. They are also using
computer
software
to
determine
the
most
fuel-efficient
routes,
which
aren
’
t
always
the
shortest
ones.
There could be downsides, however, to
the busing cutbacks. If every formerly bused
student
begins
walking
to
school,
it
’
s
an
environmental
win-but
if
too
many
of
their
parents
decide
to
drive
them
instead
，
the
overall
carbon
footprint
can
grow.
Replacing
buses
with
many
more
parent-driven cars can
also increase safety risks: A 2002 report
concluded students are 13 times
safer
on a school bus than in a passenger car, since
buses have fewer accidents and withstand them
better due to their size. And some
students complain about the long morning hikes,
particularly
when the route contains a
really big hill.
31.
The
“walking school bus”
______.
A. does not consume fuel
B. aims to keep
children fit
C.
seldom
causes traffic jams
D. is popular with school
kids
32.
In America the
responsibility for busing kids to school lies
with______.
A.
individual
schools
B. school districts
C.
teachers
D. parents
33.
As regards walking to school, modem
parents seem much concerned with the______.
A.
time spent on the way
B.
changes in the route
C.
kids
，
physical
strength
D. safety of their children
34.
To save money, some
schools choose to
______.
A.
take the shortest routes
B. shorten the
school week
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C.
give drivers better training
D.
use fuel-efficient buses
35.
Busing cutbacks may eventually lead to
_
_____.
A.
fiercer competition among bus companies
B.
more students taking
public transportation
C.
an
increase in carbon dioxide emissions
D.
a decrease in the safety of school
buses
36.
Which of the
following best describes the author's attitude
towards busing cutbacks?
A.
Favorable
B. Critical
C.
Objective
D. Indifferent.
Passage Two
People are
living longer than ever, but for some reason,
women are living longer than men. A
baby boy born in the United States in
2003 can expect to live to be about
73
，
a baby girl, about 79..
This is indeed a wide gap, and no one
really knows why it exists. The greater longevity
(
长寿）
of
women,
however, has been known for centuries. It
was
，
for example, described
in the seventeenth
century. However,
the difference was smaller
then
—
the gap is growing.
A number of reasons have been proposed
to account for the differences. The gap is
greatest in
industrialized societies,
so it has been suggested that women are less
susceptible to work strains
that may
raise the risk of heart disease and alcoholism.
Sociologists also tell us that women are
encouraged to be less adventurous than
men (and this may be why they are more careful
drivers
，
involved in fewer
accidents).
Even
smoking
has
been
implicated
in
the
age
discrepancy.
It
was
once
suggested
that
working women are more likely to smoke
and as more women entered the work force, the age
gap
would begin to close, because
smoking is related to earlier deaths. Now,
however, we see more
women
smoking
and
they
still
tend
to
live
longer
although
their
lung
cancer
rate
is
climbing
sharply.
One puzzling aspect
of the problem is that women do not appear to be
as healthy
as men.
That is,
they report far more illnesses. But when a man
reports an illness, it is more likely to be
serious.
Some
researchers
have
suggested
that
men
may
die
earlier
because
their
health
is
more
strongly related to
their emotions. For example, men tend to die
sooner after losing a spouse than
women
do. Men even seem to be more weakened by loss of a
job. (Both of these are linked with a
marked
decrease
in
the
effectiveness
of
the
immune
system.)
Among
men,
death
follows
retirement with an
alarming promptness.
Perhaps we are
searching for the answers too close to the surface
of the problem. Perhaps the
answers lie
deeper in our biological heritage. After all, the
phenomenon is not isolated to humans.
Females
have
the
edge
among
virtually
all
mammalian
(
哺乳动物的）
species,
in
that
they
generally live longer. Furthermore, in
many of these species the differences begin at the
moment
of conception: there are more
male miscarriages (
流产）
.
In humans, after birth, more baby boys
than baby girls die.
37.
What can we learn from the first two
paragraphs?
A.
Men
’
s lifespan
remains almost unchanged.
B.
Researchers have found the causes of
the age gap.
C.
The more
advanced a society, the greater the age gap.
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D.
The age gap was noticed only recently.
38.
As
is
suggested
in
Paragraph
2
，
the
two
factors
relevant
to
women
’
s
longer
lifespan
are______.
A.
diseases and road accidents
B.
industrialization and
work strains
C.
their
immunity to heart disease and refusal of alcohol
D.
their endurance of work
strains and reluctance for adventure
39.
According to Paragraph
3
，
which of the following
statements is true?
A.
The
great number of male smokers contributes to the
age gap.
B.
The growing
number of smoking women will narrow the age gap.
C.
Female workers are more
likely to smoke than male workers.
D.
Smoking does not seem to affect
women
’
s longevity.
40.
Which of the following
phenomena makes researchers puzzled?
A.
Men
’
s health is
more closely related to their emotions.
B.
Though more liable to
illnesses
，
women still live
longer.
C.
Men show worse
symptoms than women when they fall ill.
D.
Quite a
number of men die soon after their retirement.
41.
The word
“edge” in Paragraph 6 means
“
______
”
A.
margin
B. side
C. advantage
D. quality
42.
What is the main idea of the passage?
A.
The greater longevity of
women remains a mystery.
B.
That women are healthier than men well
explains their longevity.
C.
People are living longer as a result of
industrialization.
D.
Women
are less emotionally affected by difficulties in
life.
Passage Three
Many
are
aware
of
the
tremendous
waste
of
energy
in
our
environment,
but
fail
to
take
advantage of
straightforward opportunities to conserve that
energy. For example, everyone knows
that lights should be switched off when
no one is in an office. Similarly, when employees
are not
using a meeting room, there is
no need to regulate temperature.
Fortunately, one need not rely on
human intervention to conserve energy.
With the help of
smart sensing and
network technology
，
energy
conservation processes such as turning off lights
and
adjusting
temperature
can
be
readily
automated.
Ultimately,
this
technology
will
enable
consumers and plant managers to better
identify wasteful energy use and institute
procedures that
lead to smarter and
more efficient
homes
，
buildings and
industrial plants.
Until now, wires and
cables for power and connectivity have limited the
widespread adoption
of
sensor
(
传感器）
networks
by
making
them
difficult
and
expensive
to
install
arid
maintain.
Battery-powered
wireless networks can simplify installation and
reduce cost. But their high power
consumption
and
the
corresponding
need
for
regular
battery
replacement
has
made
wireless
networks
difficult
and
costly
to
maintain.
Nobody
wants
to
replace
hundreds
or
thousands
of
window sensor batteries in a large
building on a regular basis.
The
promise of wireless sensor networks can only be
fully realized when the wiring for both
the data communication and the power
supply is eliminated. Doing so requires a true
battery-free
wireless solution, one
that can utilize energy harvested directly from
the environment. To facilitate
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