-
2014
年翻译硕
士专业学位研究生入学考试初试模拟试题(二)
1.
The
commodities you offered are _________ line with
the business scope of our clients.
A outside B out of C out D without
2.
As
we are ________ of these goods, please expedite
shipment after receiving our L/C.
A in badly need
B badly in need
C urgent in need
D in urgently need
3.
It will be appreciated ____ you could
effect shipment in two equal lots by direct
steamer ____
you receive our L/C.
A. when, when
B. if, as soon as
C. when, which
D. will, soon
4.
We
couldn't
really
afford
to
buy
a
house
so
we
got
it
on
hire
purchase
and
paid
monthly
________.
A) investments
B) requirements
C)
arrangements
D) installments
5. The designer has applied
for a ________ for his new invention.
A) tariff
B) discount
C) version
D) patent
6. An energy tax would curb ordinary
air pollution, limit oil imports and cut the
budget ________.
A) disposition
B) discrepancy
C) defect
D) deficit
7
.
Individual
sports are run by over 370 independent governing
bodies whose functions usually
include
________
rules,
holding
events,
selecting
national
teams
and
promoting
international
links.
A) drawing on
B) drawing in
C) drawing up
D) drawing down
8. Up until
that time, his interest had focused almost
________ on fully mastering the skills and
techniques of his craft.
A)
restrictively
B) radically
C) inclusively
D)
exclusively
9.
In those days, executives expected to
spend most of their lives in the same firm and,
unless
they were dismissed for
________, to retire at the age of 65.
A) integrity
B) denial
C) incompetence
D) deduction
10.
Others
viewed
the
finding
with
________,
noting
that
a
cause-and-
effect
relationship
between
passive smoking and cancer remains to be shown.
A) optimism
B) passion
C) caution
D) deliberation
11.
The
1986
Challenger
space-shuttle
________
was
caused
by
unusually
low
temperatures
immediately
before the launch.
A) expedition
B) controversy
C) dismay
D) disaster
12.
When supply exceeds demand for any
product, prices are ________ to fall.
A) timely
B) simultaneous
C) subject
D) liable
13.
The music aroused an
________ feeling of homesickness in him.
A) intentional
B)
intermittent
C) intense
D)
intrinsic
14.
I bought an
alarm clock with a(n) ________ dial, which can be
seen clearly in the dark.
A) supersonic
B) luminous
C) audible
D) amplified
15.
The results are hardly
________; he cannot believe they are accurate.
A) credible
B) contrary
C) critical
D) crucial
16.
This new laser printer
is ________ with all leading software.
A) comparable
B) competitive
C) compatible
D) cooperative
17.
The ball ________ two or
three times before rolling down the slope.
A) swayed
B) bounced
C) hopped
D) darted
18.
He raised his eyebrows
and stuck his head forward and ________ it in a
single nod, a gesture
boys used then
for O.K. when they were pleased.
A)
shrugged
B) tugged
C) jerked
D) twisted
19.
Many types of rock are ________ from
volcanoes as solid, fragmentary material.
A) flung
B) propelled
C) ejected
D) injected
20.
With prices ________ so
much, it is difficult for the school to plan a
budget.
A) vibrating
B)
fluctuating
C) fluttering
D)
swinging
21. At
the end of the nineteenth century, to prompt
ethnologists to begin recording the life stories
of
Native
American,
a
rising
interest
in
Native
American
customs,
an
increasing
desire
to
understand Native American culture.
A. run-on
B.
fragment
C. comma splice
D. correct
22. Ethnologists had a
distinct reason for wanting to hear the stories:
they were after linguistic or
anthropological data that would
supplement their own field observations,
they believed that the
personal stories, even of a single
individual, could increase their understanding of
the cultures that
they had been
observing from without.
A. comma splice
B. run-on
C. correct
D. fragment
23.
In addition many ethnologists at the turn of the
century believed that Native American
manners and customs were rapidly
disappearing, and that it was important to
preserve for posterity.
As much
information as could be adequately recorded before
the cultures disappeared forever.
A.
comma splice
B.
run-on
C. correct
D. fragment
24. There were, however, arguments
against this method as a way of acquiring accurate
and
complete information. Franz Boas.
For example, described autobiograp
hies
as being ―of limited
value, and useful
chiefly for the study of the perversion of truth
by memory,‖ while Paul Radin
contended
that investigators rarely spent enough time with
the tribes they were observing, and
inevitably derived results too tinged
b
y the investigator’s own emotional
tone to be reliable.
A.
comma splice
B.
run-on
C. correct
D. fragment
25. Since the late 1970’s, in the face
of a severe loss of market share
in
dozens of industries,
manufacturers in
the United States have been trying to improve
productivity
—
and therefore
enhance their international
competitiveness
—
through
cost-cutting programs.
A. comma splice
B. run-on
C. correct
D. fragment
26.
However, from 1978 through 1982,
productivity
—
the value of
goods manufactured divided by
the
amount of labor input
—
did
not improve, while the results were better in the
business upturn of
the three years
following, they ran 25 percent lower than
productivity improvements during earlier,
post-1945 upturns.
A. comma
splice
B. run-
on
C. correct
D. fragment
27.
At the same time, it became clear that the harder
manufactures worked to implement
cost-
cutting and the more they lost their competitive
edge.
A. comma splice
B. run-on
C. correct
D.
fragment
28. Every company
I know that has freed itself from the paradox has
done so, in part, by
developing and
implementing a manufacturing strategy. Such a
strategy focuses on the
manufacturing
structure and on equipment and process technology.
A. comma splice
B. run-on
C.
correct
D. fragment
29.
She continued
teaching
,
however her heart
was not in it.
A. comma splice
B. run-on
C. correct
D. fragment
30.
Many students attend classes all morning and work
all afternoon and then they have to study at
night so they are usually exhausted by
the weekend.
A. stringy sentence
B. run-on
C. correct
D. fragment
Passage1
The number of women
directors appointed to corporate boards in the
United States has
increased
dramatically, but the ratio of female to male
directors remains low. Although pressure to
recruit women directors, unlike that to
employ women in the general work force, does not
derive
from legislation, it is
nevertheless real.
Although small
companies were the first to have women directors,
large corporations
currently have a
higher percentage of women on their boards. When
the chairs of these large
corporations
began recruiting women to serve on boards, they
initially sought women who were
chief
executive officers (CEO’s) of large corporations.
However, such women CEO’s are still rare.
In additi
on, the ideal of
six CEO’s (female or male) serving on the board of
each of the largest
corporations is
realizable only if every CEO serves on six boards.
This raises the specter of
director
over-commitment and the resultant dilution of
contribution. Consequently, the chairs next
sought women in business who had the
equivalent of CEO experience. However, since it is
only
recently that large numbers of
women have begun to rise in management, the chairs
began to
recruit women of high
achievement outside the business world. Many such
women are well
known for their
contributions in government, education, and the
nonprofit sector. The fact that the
women from these sectors who were
appointed were often acquaintances of the boards’
chairs
seems quite reasonable: chairs
have always considered it important for directors
to interact
comfortably in the
boardroom.
Although many successful
women from outside the business world are unknown
to corporate
leaders, these women are
particularly qualified to serve on boards because
of the changing nature
of corporations.
Today a company’s ability to be responsive to the
concerns of the community and
the
environment can influence that company’s growth
and survival. Women are uniquely
positioned to be responsive to some of
these concerns. Although conditions have changed,
it
should be remembered that most
directors of both sexes are over fifty years old.
Women of that
generation were often
encouraged to direct their attention toward
efforts to improve the
community. This
fact is reflected in the career development of
most of the outstandingly
successful women of the generation now
in their fifties, who currently serve on corporate
boards:
25 percent are in education and
22 percent are in government, law, and the
nonprofit sector.
One organization of
women directors is helping business become more
responsive to the
changing needs of
society by raising the level of corporate
awareness about social issues, such as
problems with the economy, government
regulation, the aging population, and the
environment.
This organization also
serves as a resource center of information on
accomplished women who are
potential
candidates for corporate boards.
31.
The author of the passage would be most
likely to agree with which of the following
statements about achievement of the
―ideal‖ mentioned in
line 14?
(A) It has only recently become a
possibility.
(B) It would be easier to
meet if more CEO’s were women.
(C) It is very close to being a reality
for most corporate boards.
(D) It might
affect the quali
ty of directors’
service to corporations.
32.
According to the passage, the pressure
to appoint women to corporate boards differs from
the
pressure to employ women in the
work force in which of the following ways?
(A) Corporate boards are under less
pressure because they have such a small number of
openings.
(B) Corporate
boards have received less pressure from
stockholders, consumers, and workers
within companies to include women on
their boards.
(C) Corporate boards have
received less pressure from the media and the
public to include
women on their
boards.
(D) Corporations
are not subject to statutory penalty for failing
to include women on their
boards.
33.
All of the following are
examples of issues that the organization described
in the last
paragraph would be likely
to advise corporations on EXCEPT
(A)
long-term inflation
(B) health and
safety regulations
(C) retirement and
pension programs
(D) how to
develop new markets
34.
It
can be inferred from the passage that, when
seeking to appoint new members to a
corpo
ration’s board, the
chair traditionally looked for candidates
who
(A) had legal and
governmental experience
(B) had
experience dealing with community affairs
(C) could work easily with other
members of the board
(D) were already involved in
establishing policy for that corporation
35.
According to the
passage, which of the following is true about
women outside the business
world who
are currently serving on corporate boards?
(A) Most do not serve on more than one
board.
(B) A large percentage will
eventually work on the staff of corporations.
(C) Most were already known to the
chairs of the board to which they were appointed.
(D) A larger percentage are from
government and law than are from the nonprofit
sector.
Passage2
In contrast
to traditional analyses of minority business, the
sociological analysis contends that
minority business ownership is a group-
level phenomenon, in that it is largely dependent
upon
social-group resources for its
development. Specifically, this analysis indicates
that support
networks play a critical
role in starting and maintaining minority business
enterprises by providing
owners with a
range of assistance, from the informal
encouragement of family members and
friends to dependable sources of labor
and clientele from the owne
r’s ethnic
group
. Such self-help
networks, which encourage and support
ethnic minority entrepreneurs, consist of
―primary‖
institutions, those closest
to the individual in shaping his or her behavior
and beliefs. They are
characterized by
the face-to-face association and cooperation of
persons united by ties of mutual
concern. They form an intermediate
social level between the individual and larger
―secondary‖
institutions based on
impersonal relationships. Primary institutions
comprising the support
network include
kinship, peer, and neighborhood or community
subgroups.
A major function of self-
help networks is financial support. Most scholars
agree that minority
business owners
have depended primarily on family funds and ethnic
community resources for
investment
capital. Personal savings have been accumulated,
often through frugal living habits
that
require sacrifices by the entire family and are
thus a product of long-term family financial
behavior. Additional loans and gifts
from relatives, forthcoming because of group
obligation rather
than narrow
investment calculation, have supplemented personal
savings. Individual entrepreneurs
do
not necessarily rely on their kin because they
cannot obtain financial backing from commercial
resources. They may actually avoid
banks because they assume that commercial
institutions either
cannot comprehend
the special needs of minority enterprise or charge
unreasonably high interest
rates.
Within the larger ethnic community,
rotating credit associations have been used to
raise
capital. These associations are
informal clubs of friends and other trusted
members of the ethnic
group who make
regular contributions to a fund that is given to
each contributor in rotation. One
author estimates that 40 percent of New
York Chinatown firms established during 1900-1950
utilized such associations as their
initial source of capital. However, recent
immigrants and third
or fourth
generations of older groups now employ rotating
credit associations only occasionally to
raise investment funds. Some groups,
like Black Americans, found other means of
financial
support for their entrepreneurial
efforts. The first Black-operated banks were
created in the late
nineteenth century
as depositories for dues collected from fraternal
or lodge groups, which
themselves had
sprung from Black churches. Black banks made
limited investments in other Black
enterprises. Irish immigrants in
American cities organized many building and loan
associations to
provide capital for
home construction and purchase. They, in turn,
provided work for many Irish
home-
building contractor firms. Other ethnic and
minority groups followed similar practices in
founding ethnic-directed financial
institutions.
36.
Based on
the information in the passage, it would be LEAST
likely for which of the following
persons to be part of a self-help
network?
(A) The entrepreneur’s
childhood friend
(B) The
entrepreneur’s aunt
(C) The
entrepreneur’s religious leader
(D) The
entrepreneur’s banker
37.
Which of the following
illustrates the working of a self-help support
network, as such
networks are described
in the passage?
(A) A public high
school offers courses in book-keeping and
accounting as part of its
open-
enrollment adult education program.
(B)
The local government in a small city sets up a
program that helps teen-agers find summer
jobs.
(C) A major commercial
bank offers low-interest loans to experienced
individuals who hope
to establish their
own businesses.
(D) A neighborhood-
based fraternal organization develops a program of
on-the-job training
for its members and
their friends.
38.
Which of
the following can be inferred from the passage
about rotating credit associations?
(A)
They were developed exclusively by Chinese
immigrants.
(B) They accounted for a
significant portion of the investment capital used
by Chinese
immigrants in New York in
the early twentieth century.
(C) Third-
generation members of an immigrant group who
started businesses
in the 1920’s
would have been unlikely to rely on
them.
(D) They were frequently joint
endeavors by members of two or three different
ethnic groups.
39.
The
passage best supports which of the following
statements?
(A) A minority entrepreneur
who had no assistance from family members would
not be able
to start a business.
(B) Self-help networks have been
effective in helping entrepreneurs primarily in
the last 50