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2014年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试初试模拟试2

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2021-02-02 11:06
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2021年2月2日发(作者:烦)




2014


年翻译硕 士专业学位研究生入学考试初试模拟试题(二)




1.



The commodities you offered are _________ line with the business scope of our clients.



A outside B out of C out D without



2.



As we are ________ of these goods, please expedite shipment after receiving our L/C.



A in badly need



B badly in need



C urgent in need



D in urgently need





3.



It will be appreciated ____ you could effect shipment in two equal lots by direct steamer ____


you receive our L/C.



A. when, when



B. if, as soon as



C. when, which



D. will, soon



4.



We


couldn't


really


afford


to


buy


a


house


so


we


got


it


on


hire


purchase


and


paid


monthly


________.


A) investments


B) requirements


C) arrangements


D) installments



5. The designer has applied for a ________ for his new invention.


A) tariff


B) discount


C) version


D) patent


6. An energy tax would curb ordinary air pollution, limit oil imports and cut the budget ________.


A) disposition


B) discrepancy


C) defect




D) deficit


7



Individual sports are run by over 370 independent governing bodies whose functions usually


include


________


rules,


holding


events,


selecting


national


teams


and


promoting


international


links.


A) drawing on


B) drawing in


C) drawing up


D) drawing down


8. Up until that time, his interest had focused almost ________ on fully mastering the skills and


techniques of his craft.


A) restrictively


B) radically


C) inclusively


D) exclusively


9.



In those days, executives expected to spend most of their lives in the same firm and, unless


they were dismissed for ________, to retire at the age of 65.


A) integrity


B) denial


C) incompetence


D) deduction


10.


Others


viewed


the


finding


with


________,


noting


that


a


cause-and- effect


relationship


between passive smoking and cancer remains to be shown.


A) optimism


B) passion


C) caution


D) deliberation


11.


The


1986


Challenger


space-shuttle


________


was


caused


by


unusually


low


temperatures


immediately before the launch.


A) expedition


B) controversy


C) dismay


D) disaster


12.


When supply exceeds demand for any product, prices are ________ to fall.


A) timely


B) simultaneous


C) subject


D) liable


13.


The music aroused an ________ feeling of homesickness in him.


A) intentional


B) intermittent


C) intense


D) intrinsic


14.


I bought an alarm clock with a(n) ________ dial, which can be seen clearly in the dark.


A) supersonic




B) luminous


C) audible


D) amplified


15.


The results are hardly ________; he cannot believe they are accurate.


A) credible


B) contrary


C) critical


D) crucial


16.


This new laser printer is ________ with all leading software.


A) comparable


B) competitive


C) compatible


D) cooperative


17.


The ball ________ two or three times before rolling down the slope.


A) swayed


B) bounced


C) hopped


D) darted


18.


He raised his eyebrows and stuck his head forward and ________ it in a single nod, a gesture


boys used then for O.K. when they were pleased.


A) shrugged


B) tugged


C) jerked


D) twisted


19.


Many types of rock are ________ from volcanoes as solid, fragmentary material.


A) flung


B) propelled


C) ejected


D) injected


20.


With prices ________ so much, it is difficult for the school to plan a budget.


A) vibrating


B) fluctuating


C) fluttering


D) swinging




21. At the end of the nineteenth century, to prompt ethnologists to begin recording the life stories


of


Native


American,


a


rising


interest


in


Native


American


customs,


an


increasing


desire


to


understand Native American culture.


A. run-on







B. fragment







C. comma splice






D. correct





22. Ethnologists had a distinct reason for wanting to hear the stories: they were after linguistic or


anthropological data that would supplement their own field observations,



they believed that the


personal stories, even of a single individual, could increase their understanding of the cultures that


they had been observing from without.


A. comma splice




B. run-on







C. correct







D. fragment



23. In addition many ethnologists at the turn of the century believed that Native American


manners and customs were rapidly disappearing, and that it was important to preserve for posterity.


As much information as could be adequately recorded before the cultures disappeared forever.


A. comma splice




B. run-on







C. correct







D. fragment



24. There were, however, arguments against this method as a way of acquiring accurate and


complete information. Franz Boas. For example, described autobiograp


hies as being ―of limited


value, and useful chiefly for the study of the perversion of truth by memory,‖ while Paul Radin


contended that investigators rarely spent enough time with the tribes they were observing, and


inevitably derived results too tinged b


y the investigator’s own emotional tone to be reliable.



A. comma splice




B. run-on







C. correct







D. fragment



25. Since the late 1970’s, in the face of a severe loss of market share


in dozens of industries,


manufacturers in the United States have been trying to improve productivity



and therefore


enhance their international competitiveness



through cost-cutting programs.


A. comma splice




B. run-on







C. correct







D. fragment



26. However, from 1978 through 1982, productivity



the value of goods manufactured divided by


the amount of labor input



did not improve, while the results were better in the business upturn of


the three years following, they ran 25 percent lower than productivity improvements during earlier,


post-1945 upturns.


A. comma splice




B. run- on







C. correct







D. fragment



27. At the same time, it became clear that the harder manufactures worked to implement


cost- cutting and the more they lost their competitive edge.


A. comma splice




B. run-on







C. correct







D. fragment



28. Every company I know that has freed itself from the paradox has done so, in part, by


developing and implementing a manufacturing strategy. Such a strategy focuses on the


manufacturing structure and on equipment and process technology.


A. comma splice




B. run-on







C. correct







D. fragment





29. She continued teaching



however her heart was not in it.


A. comma splice




B. run-on







C. correct







D. fragment



30. Many students attend classes all morning and work all afternoon and then they have to study at


night so they are usually exhausted by the weekend.


A. stringy sentence




B. run-on







C. correct







D. fragment




Passage1


The number of women directors appointed to corporate boards in the United States has


increased dramatically, but the ratio of female to male directors remains low. Although pressure to


recruit women directors, unlike that to employ women in the general work force, does not derive


from legislation, it is nevertheless real.


Although small companies were the first to have women directors, large corporations


currently have a higher percentage of women on their boards. When the chairs of these large


corporations began recruiting women to serve on boards, they initially sought women who were


chief executive officers (CEO’s) of large corporations. However, such women CEO’s are still rare.


In additi


on, the ideal of six CEO’s (female or male) serving on the board of each of the largest


corporations is realizable only if every CEO serves on six boards. This raises the specter of


director over-commitment and the resultant dilution of contribution. Consequently, the chairs next


sought women in business who had the equivalent of CEO experience. However, since it is only


recently that large numbers of women have begun to rise in management, the chairs began to


recruit women of high achievement outside the business world. Many such women are well


known for their contributions in government, education, and the nonprofit sector. The fact that the


women from these sectors who were appointed were often acquaintances of the boards’ chairs


seems quite reasonable: chairs have always considered it important for directors to interact


comfortably in the boardroom.


Although many successful women from outside the business world are unknown to corporate


leaders, these women are particularly qualified to serve on boards because of the changing nature


of corporations. Today a company’s ability to be responsive to the concerns of the community and


the environment can influence that company’s growth and survival. Women are uniquely


positioned to be responsive to some of these concerns. Although conditions have changed, it


should be remembered that most directors of both sexes are over fifty years old. Women of that


generation were often encouraged to direct their attention toward efforts to improve the


community. This fact is reflected in the career development of most of the outstandingly




successful women of the generation now in their fifties, who currently serve on corporate boards:


25 percent are in education and 22 percent are in government, law, and the nonprofit sector.


One organization of women directors is helping business become more responsive to the


changing needs of society by raising the level of corporate awareness about social issues, such as


problems with the economy, government regulation, the aging population, and the environment.


This organization also serves as a resource center of information on accomplished women who are


potential candidates for corporate boards.


31.


The author of the passage would be most likely to agree with which of the following


statements about achievement of the ―ideal‖ mentioned in


line 14?


(A) It has only recently become a possibility.


(B) It would be easier to meet if more CEO’s were women.



(C) It is very close to being a reality for most corporate boards.


(D) It might affect the quali


ty of directors’ service to corporations.



32.


According to the passage, the pressure to appoint women to corporate boards differs from the


pressure to employ women in the work force in which of the following ways?


(A) Corporate boards are under less pressure because they have such a small number of


openings.


(B) Corporate boards have received less pressure from stockholders, consumers, and workers


within companies to include women on their boards.


(C) Corporate boards have received less pressure from the media and the public to include


women on their boards.



(D) Corporations are not subject to statutory penalty for failing to include women on their


boards.


33.


All of the following are examples of issues that the organization described in the last


paragraph would be likely to advise corporations on EXCEPT


(A) long-term inflation


(B) health and safety regulations


(C) retirement and pension programs



(D) how to develop new markets


34.


It can be inferred from the passage that, when seeking to appoint new members to a


corpo


ration’s board, the chair traditionally looked for candidates who



(A) had legal and governmental experience


(B) had experience dealing with community affairs


(C) could work easily with other members of the board




(D) were already involved in establishing policy for that corporation


35.


According to the passage, which of the following is true about women outside the business


world who are currently serving on corporate boards?


(A) Most do not serve on more than one board.


(B) A large percentage will eventually work on the staff of corporations.


(C) Most were already known to the chairs of the board to which they were appointed.


(D) A larger percentage are from government and law than are from the nonprofit sector.


Passage2


In contrast to traditional analyses of minority business, the sociological analysis contends that


minority business ownership is a group- level phenomenon, in that it is largely dependent upon


social-group resources for its development. Specifically, this analysis indicates that support


networks play a critical role in starting and maintaining minority business enterprises by providing


owners with a range of assistance, from the informal encouragement of family members and


friends to dependable sources of labor and clientele from the owne


r’s ethnic group


. Such self-help


networks, which encourage and support ethnic minority entrepreneurs, consist of ―primary‖


institutions, those closest to the individual in shaping his or her behavior and beliefs. They are


characterized by the face-to-face association and cooperation of persons united by ties of mutual


concern. They form an intermediate social level between the individual and larger ―secondary‖


institutions based on impersonal relationships. Primary institutions comprising the support


network include kinship, peer, and neighborhood or community subgroups.


A major function of self- help networks is financial support. Most scholars agree that minority


business owners have depended primarily on family funds and ethnic community resources for


investment capital. Personal savings have been accumulated, often through frugal living habits


that require sacrifices by the entire family and are thus a product of long-term family financial


behavior. Additional loans and gifts from relatives, forthcoming because of group obligation rather


than narrow investment calculation, have supplemented personal savings. Individual entrepreneurs


do not necessarily rely on their kin because they cannot obtain financial backing from commercial


resources. They may actually avoid banks because they assume that commercial institutions either


cannot comprehend the special needs of minority enterprise or charge unreasonably high interest


rates.


Within the larger ethnic community, rotating credit associations have been used to raise


capital. These associations are informal clubs of friends and other trusted members of the ethnic


group who make regular contributions to a fund that is given to each contributor in rotation. One


author estimates that 40 percent of New York Chinatown firms established during 1900-1950


utilized such associations as their initial source of capital. However, recent immigrants and third


or fourth generations of older groups now employ rotating credit associations only occasionally to


raise investment funds. Some groups, like Black Americans, found other means of financial




support for their entrepreneurial efforts. The first Black-operated banks were created in the late


nineteenth century as depositories for dues collected from fraternal or lodge groups, which


themselves had sprung from Black churches. Black banks made limited investments in other Black


enterprises. Irish immigrants in American cities organized many building and loan associations to


provide capital for home construction and purchase. They, in turn, provided work for many Irish


home- building contractor firms. Other ethnic and minority groups followed similar practices in


founding ethnic-directed financial institutions.


36.


Based on the information in the passage, it would be LEAST likely for which of the following


persons to be part of a self-help network?


(A) The entrepreneur’s childhood friend



(B) The entrepreneur’s aunt



(C) The entrepreneur’s religious leader




(D) The


entrepreneur’s banker



37.


Which of the following illustrates the working of a self-help support network, as such


networks are described in the passage?


(A) A public high school offers courses in book-keeping and accounting as part of its


open- enrollment adult education program.


(B) The local government in a small city sets up a program that helps teen-agers find summer


jobs.


(C) A major commercial bank offers low-interest loans to experienced individuals who hope


to establish their own businesses.


(D) A neighborhood- based fraternal organization develops a program of on-the-job training


for its members and their friends.


38.


Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about rotating credit associations?


(A) They were developed exclusively by Chinese immigrants.


(B) They accounted for a significant portion of the investment capital used by Chinese


immigrants in New York in the early twentieth century.


(C) Third- generation members of an immigrant group who started businesses


in the 1920’s


would have been unlikely to rely on them.


(D) They were frequently joint endeavors by members of two or three different ethnic groups.


39.


The passage best supports which of the following statements?


(A) A minority entrepreneur who had no assistance from family members would not be able


to start a business.


(B) Self-help networks have been effective in helping entrepreneurs primarily in the last 50


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