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胡壮麟《语言学教程》分章试题

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2021-02-06 02:02
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2021年2月6日发(作者:click)


胡壮麟《语言学教程》分章测试题一




Chapter 8 Language in Use



1.



What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning


___D______ is considered.




A. reference



B. speech act



C. practical usage





D. context



2.



A sentence is a ______B___ concept, and the meaning of a sentence is often studied in


isolation.




A. pragmatic




B. grammatical





C. mental



D. conceptual



3.



If we think of a sentence as what people actually utter in the course of communication, it


becomes a (n) ___C______.




A. constative




B. directive




C. utterance





D. expressive



4.



Which of the following is true?






A. Utterances usually do not take the form of sentences.




B. Some utterances cannot be restored to complete sentences.




C. No utterances can take the form of sentences.






D. All utterances can be restored to complete sentences.



5.



Speech act theory did not come into being until ____A______.






A. in the late 50’s of the 20the century





B. in t


he early 1950’s






C. in the late 1960’s












D. in the early 21st century



6.



___C_______


is


the


act


performed


by


or


resulting


from


saying


something;


it


is


the


consequence of, or the change brought about by the utterance.




A. A locutionary act












B. An illocutionary act



C. A perlocutionary act











D. A performative act



7.



According to Searle, the illocutionary point of the representative is ___B___.




A. to get the hearer to do something





B. to commit the speaker to something’s being the case




C. to commit the speaker to some future course of action




D. to express the feelings or attitude towards an existing state of affairs



8.



All


the


acts


that


belong


to


the


same


category


share


the


same


purpose,


but


they


differ


___A__


C


_____.




A. in their illocutionary acts





B. in their intentions expressed




C. in their strength or force





D. in their effect brought about



9.



_____A_____ is advanced by Paul Grice




A. Cooperative Principle










B. Politeness Principle




C. The General Principle of Universal Grammar


D. Adjacency Principle



10.


When any of the maxims under the cooperative principle is flouted, __D_____ might arise.





A. impoliteness









B. contradictions




C. mutual understanding





D. conversational implicatures


II.


Decide whether the following statements are true or false. (10%)


11. F


Pragmatics treats the meaning of language as something intrinsic and inherent.



12.T


It would be impossible to give an adequate description of meaning if the context of language


use was left unconsidered.



13.T


What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning



1


胡壮麟《语言学教程》分章测试题一



the context of use is considered.



14. F


The major difference between a sentence and an utterance is that a sentence is not uttered


while an utterance is.



15.F


The meaning of a sentence is abstract, but context-dependent.



16.F


The meaning of an utterance is decontexualized, therefore stable.



17T.


F



Utterances always take the form of complete sentences



18. F


Speech act theory was originated with the British philosopher John Searle.



19.T


Speech act theory started in the l


ate 50’s of the 20th century.



20.T


Austin made the distinction between a constative and a performative.


III. Fill in the blanks. (20%)


21.


The notion of ___context_______ is essential to the pragmatic study of language.



22.


If


we


think


of


a


sentence


as


what


people


actually


utter


in


the


course


of


communication,


it


becomes an ___utterance_______.



23.


The meaning of a sentence is __


abstrac


t________, and decontexualized.



24.


_Constative_________ were statements that either state or describe, and were thus verifiable.



25.


__Performative_______ were sentences that did not state a fact or describe a state, and were


not verifiable.



26.


A(n) __locuionary________ act is the act of uttering words, phrases, clauses. It is the act of


conveying literal meaning by means of syntax, lexicon and phonology.



27.


A(n) ___illocutionary


_______ act is the act of expressing the speaker’s intention; it is the act


performed in saying something.



28.


A(n) __commisive_______ is commit the speaker himself to some future course of action.



29.


A(n) __expressive______ is to express feelings or attitude towards an existing state.



30.


There


are


four


maxims


under


the


cooperative


principle:


the


maxim


of


____quantity______,


the maxim of quality, the maxim of relation and the maxim of manner.



IV


.


Explain the following terms, using examples. (20%)


31.


Conversational implicature


32.


Performative


33.


Locutionary act


34.


Q-principle (Horn)


Key:


Chapter8



I. 1~5 DBCBA












6~10 CBCAD


II. 11~15 FTTFF










16~20 FFFTT


III. t


nce



ct


24. Constatives25. Performatives


26. locutionary


27. illocutionary


28. commissive


29. expressive


30. quantity


Chapter 12 Theories and Schools of Modern Linguistics



I.


Choose the best answer. (20%)


1.



The person who is often described as “father of modern linguistics” is __


B________..





A. Firth




B. Saussure



C. Halliday






D. Chomsky


2.



The most important contribution of the Prague School to linguistics is that it sees language in


terms of ___A_______.





A. function



B. meaning




C. signs






D. system



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