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胡壮麟《语言学教程》分章测试题一
Chapter 8 Language in Use
1.
What
essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics
is whether in the study of meaning
___D______ is considered.
A. reference
B. speech act
C. practical usage
D. context
2.
A sentence is a ______B___ concept, and
the meaning of a sentence is often studied in
isolation.
A. pragmatic
B. grammatical
C. mental
D. conceptual
3.
If we think of a sentence as what
people actually utter in the course of
communication, it
becomes a (n)
___C______.
A. constative
B. directive
C. utterance
D. expressive
4.
Which of
the following is true?
√
A. Utterances
usually do not take the form of sentences.
B. Some
utterances cannot be restored to complete
sentences.
C.
No utterances can take the form of sentences.
√
D. All utterances can be
restored to complete sentences.
5.
Speech act
theory did not come into being until ____A______.
A. in the late 50’s of the 20the
century
B. in t
he early 1950’s
C. in the late 1960’s
D. in the early 21st century
6.
___C_______
is
the
act
performed
by
or
resulting
from
saying
something;
it
is
the
consequence of, or the
change brought about by the utterance.
A. A locutionary act
B. An illocutionary
act
C. A perlocutionary
act
D. A performative act
7.
According
to Searle, the illocutionary point of the
representative is ___B___.
A. to get the hearer to do something
B.
to commit the speaker to something’s being the
case
C. to
commit the speaker to some future course of action
D. to express
the feelings or attitude towards an existing state
of affairs
8.
All
the
acts
that
belong
to
the
same
category
share
the
same
purpose,
but
they
differ
___A__
C
_____.
A. in their
illocutionary acts
B. in their intentions
expressed
C.
in their strength or force
D. in their
effect brought about
9.
_____A_____ is advanced by
Paul Grice
A.
Cooperative Principle
B. Politeness Principle
C. The General Principle
of Universal Grammar
D. Adjacency
Principle
10.
When any of the maxims under the cooperative
principle is flouted, __D_____ might arise.
A. impoliteness
B. contradictions
C. mutual understanding
D. conversational implicatures
II.
Decide whether the
following statements are true or false. (10%)
11. F
Pragmatics treats the
meaning of language as something intrinsic and
inherent.
12.T
It would be impossible to give an adequate
description of meaning if the context of language
use was left unconsidered.
13.T
What essentially
distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether
in the study of meaning
1
胡壮麟《语言学教程》分章测试题一
the context of use is considered.
14. F
The major
difference between a sentence and an utterance is
that a sentence is not uttered
while an
utterance is.
15.F
The meaning of a sentence is abstract,
but context-dependent.
16.F
The meaning of an utterance is
decontexualized, therefore stable.
17T.
F
Utterances always take the form of
complete sentences
18. F
Speech act theory was originated with
the British philosopher John Searle.
19.T
Speech act theory
started in the l
ate 50’s of the 20th
century.
20.T
Austin made the distinction between a constative
and a performative.
III. Fill in the
blanks. (20%)
21.
The
notion of ___context_______ is essential to the
pragmatic study of language.
22.
If
we
think
of
a
sentence
as
what
people
actually
utter
in
the
course
of
communication,
it
becomes an ___utterance_______.
23.
The
meaning of a sentence is
__
abstrac
t________, and
decontexualized.
24.
_Constative_________ were statements
that either state or describe, and were thus
verifiable.
25.
__Performative_______ were sentences
that did not state a fact or describe a state, and
were
not verifiable.
26.
A(n)
__locuionary________ act is the act of uttering
words, phrases, clauses. It is the act of
conveying literal meaning by means of
syntax, lexicon and phonology.
27.
A(n)
___illocutionary
_______ act is the act
of expressing the speaker’s intention; it is the
act
performed in saying something.
28.
A(n)
__commisive_______ is commit the speaker himself
to some future course of action.
29.
A(n)
__expressive______ is to express feelings or
attitude towards an existing state.
30.
There
are
four
maxims
under
the
cooperative
principle:
the
maxim
of
____quantity______,
the
maxim of quality, the maxim of relation and the
maxim of manner.
IV
.
Explain the
following terms, using examples. (20%)
31.
Conversational
implicature
32.
Performative
33.
Locutionary act
34.
Q-principle (Horn)
Key:
Chapter8
I. 1~5 DBCBA
6~10 CBCAD
II.
11~15 FTTFF
16~20 FFFTT
III. t
nce
ct
24. Constatives25. Performatives
26. locutionary
27.
illocutionary
28. commissive
29. expressive
30.
quantity
Chapter 12 Theories and
Schools of Modern Linguistics
I.
Choose the best
answer. (20%)
1.
The person who is often described as
“father of modern linguistics” is
__
B________..
A. Firth
B. Saussure
C. Halliday
D. Chomsky
2.
The most important contribution of the
Prague School to linguistics is that it sees
language in
terms of ___A_______.
A. function
B. meaning
C. signs
D. system
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