关键词不能为空

当前您在: 主页 > 英语 >

高考英语非谓语动词知识点

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao
2021-02-07 22:44
tags:

-

2021年2月7日发(作者:工厂英文)


非谓语动词



一、非谓语动词的概念



非谓语形式有三种:




1.


动词不定式:


to do


表示目的和将来




2


、动词的


ing(


动名词


) : doing


表示主动和进行









3.


动词 的过去分词:


done


表示被动和完成



二、非谓语动词的时态和语态



一般式




















完成式














进行式














不定式









主动



to do
















to have done











to be doing
















被动




to be done











to have been done


ing


形式







主动



doing
















having done















被动



being done












having been done



过去分词






被动



done




三、非谓语动词的做题步骤:




1


、判定是否用非谓语形式。方法:看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词 了。



2


、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。 方法:非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。




3


、判断主被动关系。方法:非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关 系。



4


、判断时间关系。方法:分析 句子,看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是


同时。之前常用



done;


之后常用


to do;


同时常用


doing




一、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较



1


、不定式和动名词作主语和表语




1



.


不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。



动词


ing


常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。如:



________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.





A. The walk






B. Walking





C. To walk




D. Walk


2



.


不定式作主语时,常用


it


作形式主语,即用句型:




It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to do sth.



It’s important for us to learn English well.

















It’s kind of you to help us.



注意:下面几个句型是用动名词:





It



s no good / use doing sth.




There is no point



in



doing sth


2


、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较




1



、不定式、动名词作表语,


.


表示主语的内容。如:



My job is teaching / to teach English. (teaching / to teach English



my job


的内容


)


Knowing who we are means knowing what we like to do.



(主,表语要用同一种形式)



2



、分词作表语:记住:一些表示情 感、情绪的动词,常用分词形式作表语。现在分词表示主语的


性质特征,用过去分词表示 主语的状态。常用动词:


surprise (


使某人吃惊


)




surprising (


令人吃惊


)




surprised (


主语


)


感到吃惊)类似动词有:


excite (


激动


)


,< /p>


astonish (


惊奇


)

< p>


shock (


震惊


)



scare (


惊恐


)




disappoint (


失望


)



move


(感动)



如:





The movie is exciting.











We are excited at the news.



3



、在


se em / appear (


似乎,好像


)



prove



/ turn out (


被证明是


)




remain (


仍然是,尚待


)


等连系动


词后 ,可用不定式作表语。


















如:



He seemed (to be ) very happy.


二、不定式、动名词作宾语的比较



1


、只能接不定式的动词:口诀:


< /p>


决心学会想希望,拒绝设法愿假装。主动答应选计划,同意请求


帮 一帮




decied(determine),


learn,


want,


expect/hope/wish;


offer,promise,choose,plan;




agree,ask/beg,help.



refuse,manage,care,pretend;



2


、只能接动名词的动词:口诀:


< /p>


考虑建议盼原谅,承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练,否认完成就欣赏。禁止想象才冒险, 不禁介


意准逃亡。



consider,


suggest/advise,


look


forward


to,


excuse/pardon;


admit



delay, put


off,


fancy(


想象,设想


);


avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practise;



den


y, finish, enjoy/appreciate;




forbid, imagine, risk;




can’t


help, mind, allow/peremit,



escape


3


、接不定式和接动名词意义不同的动词:


remember to do


记得去做




remember doing


记得做过


;





forget to do


忘记去做




forget doing


忘记做过



regret to do


遗憾去做




regret doing


后悔做过












try to do


设法去做








try doing


试着做


,



go on to do


做完某事接着做另一件事








go on doing


继续做同一件事





mean to do


打算做



mean doing


意味着做









stop to do


停下来去做





stop doing


停止做








cant help (to) do


不能帮助做








can’t help doing


忍不住做




如:


In some parts of London, missing a bus means ____ for another hour.




A. waiting




B. to wait




C. wait




D. to be waiting




































4.< /p>


表示未实现的愿望的动词


,


即表示本打算 ,想做,但事实上没做。



这些动词


plan, intend, mean, want, hope, wish, expect


,




had planned to do sth. / planned to have


done



来表示。
















注:


Would like / love


只用


would like to have done




如:


I would love _____ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish the report.







A. to go




B. to have gone




C. going



D. having gone
















5


、要接动名词的几个句型:



prevent


/


stop


/


keep


sb.


/


sth


from


doing


?


(



?



)






how


about


/


what


about


doing















spend / waste time / money in doing sth.


在?花费或浪费时间或钱








have some difficulty / trouble /


problems( in )doing


在做?



有困难








have a hard / good time in doing


做?



很艰难或做?很愉快



6


、含介词


to


的短语


:




look forward to


盼望,



devote


?


to


致力于、献身于,



be / get used to


习惯于




lead to


导致,



get down to


着手做,




pay attention to


注意




refer to


谈到、所指、参考,


equal to


等于、能胜任,


belong to


属于




:



Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ___ some school for poor children.



up




g up





set up





D. having set up





7.


动词不定式


but,other


than


后面时,如果介词前有行为动词


do


的某种形式,那么介词后的不定式不


< br>to


;否则带


to


< p>
即前有


do


后无


to







如:


have no choice but to do sth.



没有别的选择,只好做?



Eg



Sandy could do nothing but ____ to his teacher that he was wrong.





A. admit




B. admitted




C. admitting




D. to admit



另外


,can’t choose/help but(


只好


);



can’t but(


只好


);



had better; would rather



后面的不定式也省


to


Eg, He


can’t choose but


stay on.



他没办法只好待下去



8



permit / allow (


允许


)




forbid (


禁止


)



advise (


建议


)


,有两种用法:一是后接


动名词


,二是 后接



sb. + to do sth




9



need, want, req uire


“需要


”,


主语是物时


,need, want, require+



doing


(用动词


ing


主动形式表被动)


/


to be don


e /


sb to be done




be worth(


值得


)


+


名词


/doing









be worthy+


to be done/of being done



eg.




The window


needs/wants/requires


to be cleaned/cleaning.






窗户需要擦一下。







The place


is



worth


visiting.







The place


is worthy


+ to be visited/of being visited.





三、不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语的比较



1



不定式作宾语补足语,

< br>如:


ask sb to do sth



(sb


作宾语,


to do sth< /p>


作宾补,


宾语+宾补=复合宾语


)


类似动词有:


tell, want, encourage, advise, order, require, force, beg, cause, allow, permit, forbid


(禁止)


,

< br>warn



警告)


, remind, teach, call on (


号召


)< /p>



depend on (


指望


)



would like / love (


想要


)



pr efer, wish, expect,


hope


(不带复 合宾语


)



注:


help sb (to) do sth.

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



本文更新与2021-02-07 22:44,由作者提供,不代表本网站立场,转载请注明出处:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao/610536.html

高考英语非谓语动词知识点的相关文章